北外高级口译高级口语 第17课:个人进步和职业期望
日期:2013-05-14 16:31

(单词翻译:单击)

Personal Progress and Job-hopping
In many parts of the world, personal influence is almost essential in getting ahead. One needs a "godfather? a "sponsor". Here that is not true. Naturally all people use influence sometimes, but one rarely advances far on that basis alone in the United States. Here traits which lead to success are generally considered to be the willingness to work hard (at any kind of job), scholarship or skill, initiative, an agreeable and outgoing personality. In other words even in the realm of personal progress, this is a "do-it-yourself" society. By and large, success is neither
inherited nor bestowed. This means, therefore, that our employment practices are different from those in many other countries.


In some nations it is considered disloyal to quit a job; deep reciprocal loyalties exist between employee and employer (recipient and "patron?in many cases); lifelong job security and family honor are frequently involved.
This is not.true in the United States. "Job-hopping" is part of our constant mobility. We consider it a " right " to be able to better ourselves, to move upward, to jump from company to company if we can keep qualifying for more responsible (and therefore better) jobs.


This interchangeability of personnel seems unreasonable to some members of foreign nations. Where are our roots? How can we be so cold and inhuman? "We act,?some say, as if we were dealing with machines, not humans. ?They do not understand that a great many Americans like to move about. New jobs present new challenges, new opportunities, new friends, new experiences-often a new part of the country.


The employer may be quite content too. Perhaps he has had the best of that man's thinking; a new person may bring in fresh ideas, improved skills, or new abilities. Then, too, a newcomer will probably start at a lower salary for he will have no seniority. Hopping is so readily accepted here, in fact, that a good man may bounce back and forth among two or three corporations, being welcomed back to his original company more than once through his career, each time at a different level.

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重点单词
  • mobilityn. 可动性,变动性,情感不定
  • personneln. 职员,人事部门
  • sponsorn. 保证人,赞助者,发起者,主办者 vt. 发起,赞助
  • securityn. 安全,防护措施,保证,抵押,债券,证券
  • originaladj. 最初的,原始的,有独创性的,原版的 n. 原件
  • constantadj. 经常的,不变的 n. 常数,恒量
  • essentialn. 要素,要点 adj. 必要的,重要的,本质的
  • willingnessn. 乐意,愿意
  • understandvt. 理解,懂,听说,获悉,将 ... 理解为,认为
  • outgoingadj. 喜欢外出的,离开的,外向的 n. 外出,开支,