I found this cute little cafe near my place. There, I tried an affogato for the first time. It's an espresso with ice cream and it's really good.
我在我家附近发现了一家很不错的小咖啡馆。 我在那里第一次喝了阿芙佳朵。 就是一个浓缩咖啡加冰激凌，很不错。

I found this cute little cafe near my place.
我在我家附近发现了一家很不错的小咖啡馆。

There, I tried an affogato for the first time.
我在那里第一次喝了阿芙佳朵。

Affogato
阿芙佳朵

An affogato is an Italian dessert made with espresso and vanilla gelato or ice cream.
阿芙佳朵是一种用浓缩咖啡和意式香草冰激凌或香草冰激凌做成的一种意式甜品。

The gelato is scooped into a chilled glass and a hot shot of espresso is poured over it.
将意式冰激凌舀入一个冰镇玻璃杯中，然后将一个热浓缩咖啡倒在上面。

Caffe macchiato
咖啡玛奇朵

Macchiato means "stained" or "marked" in Italian.
玛奇朵在意大利语中的意思是“有污渍的”或者“有斑点的”。

A caffè macchiato can be thought of as a "stained coffee."
咖啡玛奇朵可以被想成一杯斑点咖啡。

It's a shot of espresso with a little bit of steamed milk foam on top.
它是有一杯浓缩咖啡上面加了一点点蒸汽奶泡做成的。

Latte macchiato
拿铁玛奇朵

This "stained milk" drink uses the same ingredients as a latte: milk and espresso.
这款“斑点牛奶”饮品和拿铁的原料是一样的：牛奶和浓缩咖啡。

The difference is espresso is added to milk instead of the other way around in a latte.
他们之间的区别是，拿铁玛奇朵是把浓缩咖啡加到牛奶中。

The latte macchiato also has more foam and is a layered drink, not mixed like a latte.
拿铁玛奇朵的奶泡更多，并且它会分层，不像拿铁是混在一起的。

The bottom layer is steamed milk, then a layer of espresso is added, and finally its topped with foam.
这款饮品最底层是蒸牛奶，上面是一层浓缩咖啡，最上面是奶泡。

Ristretto
短萃取浓缩咖啡

In Italian, ristretto means "shortened" or "narrow".
在意大利语中，restretto的意思是”缩短的“或”缩小的“。

A ristretto is like an espresso, but uses less water.
短萃取浓缩咖啡就和一是浓缩咖啡一样，只不过用的水更少。

Both use the same amount of ground coffee, but a ristretto uses about half the amount of water.
两者使用的咖啡粉的量是相同的，但是短萃取浓缩咖啡用的水量是意式浓缩咖啡的一半。

The shortened process results in a slightly sweeter and more concetrated flavor.
缩短的这个过程让出来的咖啡口感微甜，并且更加浓郁。