(单词翻译:单击)
第一部分
省略
省略法是指在翻译中,原文中有些词在译文中可以省略不必译出。译文中虽然没有这个词但已具有了原文这个词所表达的意思。省略目的在于使译文更加通顺流畅,更符合译文习惯。需要注意,省略不是把原文的某些思想内容删去,省略不能改变原文的意义。
1. 人称代词省略
a. He was thin and haggard and he looked miserable.
他瘦弱憔悴,看上去一副可怜相。
b. We live and learn. (泛指人称代词省略)
活到老,学到老。
c. When will he arrive?—You can never tell.
他什么时候到?——说不准。
2. 省略连接词和动词
汉语词语之间连接词用得不多,其上下逻辑关系常常是暗含的,由词语的次序来表示。英语则不然,连接词用得比较多。因此,英译汉时在很多情况下可不必把连接词译出来。
a. He looked gloomy and troubled.
他看上去有些忧愁不安。(省略并列连接词)
b. As it is late, you had better go home.
时间不早了,你最好回家去吧。(省略表示原因的连接词)
c. If winter comes, can spring be far behind?
冬天来了,春天还会远吗?(省略表示条件的连接词)
d. When the pressure gets low, the boiling-point becomes low.
气压低,沸点就低。
第二部分
3根据汉语习惯,译文中可以省略一些可有可无的词。
a. There was no snow, the leaves were gone from the trees, the grass was dead.
没有下雪,但叶落草枯。(此句如果译成“...树叶从树上落下来,草也枯萎了”就嫌累赘。)
b. There is no month in the whole year, in which nature wears a more beautiful appearance than in the month of August.
一年之中,大自然的美景莫过于八月金秋。
例:1997.09真题:
著名物理学家杨振宁教授曾说: “高科技战场是中国超越发达国家的主战场,也是最后的战场。”
Professor Yang Zhenning, a famous physicist, once said, “The high-tech battlefield is the main and the last battlefield for China to overtake the developed countries.”
再例:
To use microwave communication has many advantages, for example, the capacity is large, the quality for secrecy is better, and the cost is low.
采用微波通讯工具有容量大、保密性强、成本底等优点。