四、口译实考分析　汉译英

Passage　1:

中餐桌上最神奇、最有特色的用餐工具莫过于筷子。几千年来我们中国人一直视筷子为一种最简单同时也是最有效的用餐工具。

No eating tools on the Chinese dinner table are more magical and distinctive than the chopsticks. For thousands of years we Chinese have always regarded chopsticks the simplest possible and the most efficient tool for meals.

关于筷子的用料，其种类各有不同，选材包括竹子、木材、玉石、象牙、塑料、金银等。

Chopsticks can be made of a variety of materials, including bamboo, wood, jade, ivory, plastic, gold and silver and so on.

对于西方人来说，掌握用筷的方法和技巧在开始时也许难度很大，但是只要有耐心，用心去练，不久便可以熟练地使用筷子享用中餐。

For Westerners, the mastery of the method and skills for using chopsticks may be quite challenging at the beginning. But as long as you have patience and concentrate on practice, you will soon be able to use chopsticks skillfully enough to enjoy a Chinese meal.

如果想享用一顿真正意义上的中餐，那么花时间耐心学习用筷技艺不仅很有必要，而且也很有趣。

If you want to enjoy a Chinese meal in the real sense, it is not only necessary, but also very interesting, to spend some patient time learning to acquire the skills of using chopsticks.

Passage　2：

中国是一个多民族国家，具有经济发展不平衡的特点。在这块辽阔的土地上，人们使用多种语言和方言。

China is a multi-national country featuring unbalanced economic development, In the vast territory, different languages ad various dialects are used. //

几十年来，政府一直号召推广普通话，作为标准汉语，但在相当多的人口中，普通话还未能成为日常使用的交流工具。

Even though the government has called for popularization of Mandarin as the standard Chinese language for decades, it has not become the daily-use communication tool among a considerable number of the people. //

这显然阻碍了经济发展与社会进步。毫无疑问，推广和提倡使用普通话对加快中国改革开放的步伐是举足轻重的。

This obviously hinders economic development and social progress. Undoubtedly the popularization and promotion of Mandarin is vital to speeding up China's reform and opening up drive. //

这样做，将有助于提高汉语信息管理技术，因此，符合全体中国人民的根本利益。

It will help improve the technology of information management in Chinese. Therefore, it is the basic interests of all Chinese.

补充有关餐桌礼仪的句子翻译

中国人吃饭用筷子，西方人则用餐刀、餐叉。有些人会用筷子，但大多数人则不行，所以在西方客人摆餐具时，筷子旁边再摆上刀叉是很明智的做法。

Chinese eat with chopsticks while most of the westerners eat with knives and forks. Some westerners may be quite good at using chopsticks, but most of them are not, therefore when setting a table at which westerners are entertained, it is always advisable to place knives and forks along side the chopsticks.

中国的宴席，把菜肴摆在餐桌中央。西方人则不习惯把手伸得老长，满桌子挥舞。然而，中国人的习惯就是各人从餐桌中央菜盘子里夹菜。所以，宴请外国客人时，这一点应该向他们讲明白。

At Chinese dinner parties, the dishes are usually placed in the middle of the table. Westerners are not used to reaching for something over the table. But in China, it is usual to help oneself to the food placed at the center of the table. So when we entertain foreign guests, we should explain such table manners to them.

中国人请客，主人总是不断往客人的盘子里夹菜。这使外国客人觉得非常尴尬。即便是不喜欢的菜品，他也得吃下去，因为在西方，把食物剩在盘子里是极不礼貌的行为。

At a Chinese dinner, the host always puts more food on to the guest's plate. That often makes a foreign guest feel very awkward. He has to eat the food even if he doesn't feel like it, because it is considered bad manners in the west to leave one's food on the plate.

与此相反，一个中国人出席，比方说，一个美国人举行的宴会，他常常辞谢递给他的食物或饮料。虽然他其实还饿着或渴着。这在中国可能是礼貌之举。

On the contrary, a Chinese sits at, say, an American’s dinner party, he very often refuses the offer of food or drinks though in fact he is still hungry or thirsty. This might be good manners in China, but it is definitely not in the West.

五、中国国情的翻译内容补充

经过半个多世纪的艰苦努力，特别是二十多年的改革开放，中国已迈入全面建设小康社会的发展新阶段。

After over half a century of strenuous efforts, more than two decades of reform and opening-up in particular, China has now entered a new stage of development aimed at building a moderately prosperous society in an all-round way.

但中国仍然是一个发展中国家，人口多、底子薄是中国的基本国情。中国实现自身发展的道路依然艰苦而漫长。

However, China is still a developing country, large population and inadequate economic development remain its basic national conditions. It has a long way to go before achieving its development goals.

中华人民共和国是全国人民共同缔造的统一的多民族国家。迄今为止，中国有56个民族。

The People’s Republic of China is a united multi-national state founded jointly by the people of all nationalities. So far, there are 56 nationalities.

与汉族相比，其他55个民族人口相对较少，因此他们在习惯上被称为“少数民族”。

Compared with the Han nationality, China’s other 55 ethnic groups have a relatively small population, thus they are customarily referred to as ethnic minorities.

1990年中国进行了第四次人口普查，据统计，在全国总人口中，汉族人口约占92%，少数民族人口占8%。

According to the fourth national census conducted in 1990, the Han nationality accounts for 92 percent of the country’s total population, and minority ethnic groups account for 8 percent.

在长期的历史发展过程中，中华民族这个大家庭中的各族人民经过融合和迁移，形成了今天的分布格局。

During China’s long history of development, the people of various nationalities in China migrated and mingled, which eventually brought about today’s distribution.

六、口译考试备考方式

1、充分利用口译教程　
2、复习过程中注意句式的把握，特别注意课本中术语、套词、句式的记忆
3、眼睛、嘴巴、手三者兼顾
4、多看口译的案例