五、economy/finance/trade/commerce/real estate

(1)trend (2)scale A、number B、times C、percentage

Economy:G(gross大致的)NP国民生产总值 GDP国内生产总值 per capita人均 consumption消费 domestu demand(国)内需(求) stimulate/fuel刺激,拉动 disposable income可支配收入 Gini/Engel Coeffecient基尼/恩格尔指数 inflation通货膨胀 deflation通货紧缩 hyperinflation急性通货膨胀 revenue年/岁收入 turnover营业额 budget预算 deficit赤字/亏损/逆差 surplus盈余/顺差 macrocontrol宏观调控 annual年的

(1)depression萧条 stagnation停滞 recession倒退 slackness,sluggish,inactive没有活动,交易不活跃 brisk景气的 soar,rocket,mushroom,boom,bloom,blosom,surge,spring up,prosper,thrive大幅度攀升 ascend上升 plunge,plump,slump,collapse大幅度下跌,暴跌 drop,fall,decline,shrink,subside,descend下降 fluctuate波动 remain,little changed平稳 dramatically,drastically,tremendously,ultimately,sharply大幅地 slightly轻微地 moderately适中地 gradually逐渐地 successively陆续地

句法结构:(1)subject of change v. adv. time (2)There be a adj. n. + in subject time (3)Time witnessed/saw a adj. n. + in subject (4)country/region/company enjoy/suffer/experience a adj. n. + in subject time(适合笔译)

Finance:currency货币 appreciation升值 depreciation贬值 issue发行 circulation流通 convert...into把...兑换为 foreign exchange reserve外汇储备 stocks股票 shares股份 shareholder股东 board董事会 listed company上市公司 bear,bull,deer stock exchange证券交易所 futures期货 funds基金 bonds债券 securities证券 risk风险 crisis危机 fiscal财政的

(2)A、1)reaching No. (the record high/peak历史最高值) 2)increasing by/to No.增长了/到 No. higher/lower than that of B、double,triple,quadruple, times (that of) e.g.跟95年同期相比增长了6倍 6 times that of the same period of 1995 1)tripled 2)tripling that of year C、1)% of 2)% higher/lower than that of

Trade:volume总额 transaction交易 sanition(贸易)制裁 impose...on对...实施贸易制裁 buyer买家 supplier供货商 distributor分销商 wholesaler批发商 retailor零售商 sample样品 agent代理 offer/counter报/还盘 ceiling price最高价 floor price最低价 bonus奖金 commission佣金 kickback回扣 shipping海运 delivery运货 freight(空)货运 tariff关税 barrier壁垒

Real estate:bubble泡沫 overheating过热 speculation投机 curb/curtail抑制 by mortgage按揭货款 by instalment分期付款 downpayment首付 deposit押金 city center市区 down town商业中心 surburb郊区 rural area乡村 villa别墅 apartment,flat公寓 per square meter每平方米 metro,underground,subway地铁 LRT轻轨 neglev磁悬浮 trolley bus电车

HW:过去的8年中，中国的房地产业经历了前所未有的泡沫现象和过热问题。以上海为例，8年前，每平方米房价不过4千，而现在已经涨到了9800元。这对于那些月薪不足4000元但又可望在上海拥有一套自己的、像样的栖身之所的工薪阶层来说是难以承受的负担。有鉴于此，上海市政府出台并实施了一系列措施，如提高利率、增加房产税等来抑制投机行为，目前已经取得了初步的成效。

The past 8 years witnessed unprecedented real estate bubble and overheating.Taken Shanghai as an example,the averal housing price 8 years ago was nerely 4000RMB per square meter,but 9800 now,which is underaffordable burden to those wage-owners with no more than 4000 monthly income who long for possessing a decent apartment of their own in Shanghai.Considering this,Shanghai municiple government put forward and carry out a series of measures including raising interest rate and real estate tax aiming to curb the speculation,the initial effects of which are shown.

省略句:e.g.1)China is America's fourth trade partner and America China's second. 2)Asia enjoys the fasted economic growth in the world,China in Asia,Shanghai in China,and Pudong in Shanghai.

补充:enterprises企业 entrepreneur企业家 solely-funded独资 joint venture合资 cooperated合作 state-owned国有