Remarks by World Bank Group President David Malpass at the 2021 Annual Meetings Opening Press Conference

世界银行集团行长戴维·马尔帕斯在年会开幕记者会上的讲话

October 13, 2021

2021年10月13日

Hi, everybody. Good morning from DC. It's Wednesday and it must be DC at the Annual Meetings. I'm glad you are all able to join. We are in virtual Annual Meetings, with full run of meetings both on Monday and Tuesday.

大家好，我从华盛顿向各位问早安，今天是周三，在华盛顿特区年会上。我很高兴各位都能参加，我们是在网上年会现场，周一和周二都排满了各种会。

I've already participated in meetings with the G24, Parliamentarians, and CSOs, the civil society organizations. I joined a meeting of the G20 Leaders yesterday on Afghanistan. I've also met with Secretary Yellen, John Kerry, the President of Colombia, and ministers from Mexico, Japan, and Korea. I've welcomed their strong and growing support for a successful IDA20. That's important.

我已经出席了二十国集团、议会和民间社会组织座谈会。我昨天参加了二十国集团领导人关于阿富汗问题的会议。我还会见了耶伦部长、约翰·克里、哥伦比亚总统以及墨西哥、日本和韩国的部长，我对他们对国际开发协会第20轮成功增资（IDA20）给予大力支持表示欢迎，这非常重要。

Throughout the week, we will be discussing a broad range of development issues –the economic outlook, growth, vaccines, debt, climate, trade, among others.

在这一周里，我们将讨论广泛的发展问题：经济前景、增长、疫苗、债务、气候、贸易、等等。

As you know, the world is suffering from a dramatically uneven recovery. Inequality is worsening across country groups. Per capita income in advanced economies is growing nearly 5% in 2021, but that is compared to only 0.5% in low-income countries. The outlook remains grim for most of the developing world. There's high inflation, there's too few jobs, there's shortages that extend to food, water, and electricity.

众所周知，世界正在经历严重不均衡的复苏。不同类别国家之间的不均衡正在恶化。到 2021 年，发达经济体的人均收入将增长近5%，但相比之下低收入国家的人均收入增长仅为 0.5%。大多数发展中国家的增长前景依然严峻，高通胀，就业岗位少，食品、水和电力短缺。

For example, due to the pandemic, the factory and port shutdowns going on, the bottlenecks in logistics and supply chains are worsening. We see sharp increases in the backlog of orders. Our estimates suggest that 8.5% of global container shipping is stalled in or around ports. That's twice as much as in January of 2020. These disruptions are placing sharp price increases on shipping fees, and the final costs of goods, and some of them will not be transitory. It would take time and cooperation of policymakers across the world to sort them out.

例如，受疫情影响，工厂和港口持续关闭，物流和供应链瓶颈出现恶化。我们看到积压的订单急剧增加。我们的估算显示，全球8.5%的集装箱运输滞留在港口内或港口附近，超过去年1月一倍。运输中断导致运费和商品最终成本大幅上涨，其中一些不会是暂时的。解决这些问题需要时间和世界各国政策制定者的合作。

As we look at development, the pandemic is pushing up the poverty around the world. It's already pushed nearly 100 million people into extreme poverty. That's the added number in extreme poverty.

当我们审视发展进程时，疫情加剧了世界各地的贫困，已使近1亿人陷入极端贫困，这是新增加的极贫人口。

We're witnessing a tragic reversal in development. The progress in reducing extreme poverty has been set back by years – for some, by a decade. And it's vital that we address this head-on by redirecting policies in both the advanced economies and developing countries so that growth and investment are more widespread.

我们目睹发展进程出现严重逆转，减贫进展已经倒退了数年，有些国家倒退了十年。我们必须直面这个问题，通过发达经济体和发展中国家调整政策以促进更加普遍的增长和投资。

Our highest priority is to secure access to vaccines and speed up shots in arms. I chair the Multilateral Leaders Taskforce, which includes Kristalina [Georgieva, IMF Managing Director], Tedros [Adhanom Ghebreyesus, WHO Director-General], and Ngozi [Okonjo-Iweala, WTO Director General]. We had a good public discussion yesterday and we'll soon be holding our fifth meeting of the Taskforce focused on matching the extensive pledges and trying to help actual vaccinations come out of the pledges that have been given by the advanced economies. There's got to be a way to close that deployment gap. The World Bank is able to finance the doses and the deployment, but there needs to be early deliveries scheduled, so we are urging governments that have sufficient doses to swap early deliveries to allow for vaccinations in developing countries and we are urging the finance ministers and health ministers of developing countries to enter contracts in order to get deliveries early, as soon as possible of vaccines. And we're working with countries also to reduce the hesitancy to encourage the vaccination of people. Our observation through the Task force, and through our country programs, is that when the countries are able to get vaccines, people are being vaccinated and the vaccination rate is going up consistently, when the supply is available.

我们的首要任务是确保疫苗获取和加快接种。我担任多边领导人特别工作组组长，组员包括国际货币基金组织总裁克里斯塔利娜·格奥尔基耶娃、世界卫生组织总干事谭德赛和世界贸易组织总干事 恩戈齐·奥孔约-伊维拉。昨天我们进行了很好的公开讨论，我们很快将举行第五次工作组会议，重点是匹配广泛的承诺，努力帮助发达经济体所承诺疫苗的实际接种。必须设法缩小疫苗部署缺口。世行能够为疫苗采购和部署提供资金，但需要安排尽早交付，因此我们敦促有足够剂量的政府调换交付日期以使发展中国家得以进行接种，我们敦促发展中国家的财政部长和卫生部长签约以便尽早、尽快地交付疫苗。我们也与各国合作针对疫苗犹豫鼓励民众接种。我们通过特别工作组以及世国别贷款计划观察到，当国家能够获得疫苗时，人们就会接种疫苗，当疫苗供应得到保证时，接种率就会持续上升。

The World Bank's support for the poorest countries is at an all-time high. We're working to help countries secure more doses and deploy them. I was in Sudan and Jordan, where I witnessed firsthand – this is now two weeks ago, seems like yesterday – vaccination efforts, and they are accelerating. I'm pleased, the World Bank now has 250 million doses under contract with Bank financing*. Those deliveries will be going on in the coming months, and that is very important to saving lives.

世行对最贫困国家的支持达到了历史最高水平，我们努力帮助各国获得更多剂量并进行部署。我在苏丹和约旦，（这是两周前但就像是昨天）我亲眼目睹了疫苗接种工作正在加快进行。我很高兴世行资助的合同目前有2.5亿剂疫苗，将在未来几个月内持续交付，这对于挽救生命非常重要。

I want to mention another couple of priorities and then turn to your questions. The debt challenges are confronting many countries. On Monday, we released the annual IDS [International Debt Statistics] report. And it showed a 12% increase in debt for the low-income countries, reaching $860 billion. We need new systems to push that along, because so many countries are in external debt distress or at high risk of it. We need a comprehensive approach, including debt reduction, swifter restructuring, and more transparency in order to make progress on this problem.

我想提一下另外两个优先事项，然后接受各位提问。许多国家面临债务挑战。本周一我们发布了年度《国际债务统计报告》，报告显示低收入国家的债务增加了12%，达到8600亿美元。我们需要新的制度来推动这个问题，因为很多国家陷于外债困境或面临高风险，我们需要采取综合方式，包括减债、加快债务重组和提高透明度，推动在这个问题上取得进展。

With the IDA20 replenishment in December, African heads of state have already called for donors to be ambitious in their support for IDA's mission. The financing needs are urgent, they'll remain elevated for years, and a successful IDA20 is vital. We're moving toward the conclusion of the IDA20 fundraising effort in December in Tokyo. I met with the deputy finance minister [of Japan] yesterday. And we're pleased with the progress – we're very pleased with the strong support worldwide for a larger IDA20 replenishment.

随着12月国际开发协会开展第20轮增资（IDA20），非洲各国元首已发出呼吁，希望捐款国在支持IDA使命方面表现出雄心。融资需求迫切，并将在未来数年持续高企，IDA20的成功至关重要。我们努力推动12月在东京IDA20增资取得圆满成功。我昨天会见了日本副财务大臣，我们对进展表示满意，我们对世界各国对IDA20增资的大力支持表示满意。

Resources will be a topic this week. And we'll also need active participation with the public and private sectors. I mentioned my meetings with parliamentarians, with CSOs, and we're meeting regularly with foundations – indeed the whole international community in order to help bring the resources to bear on the range of challenges, including vaccines, debt, and of course climate change issues.

资源将是本周的一个议题，我们也需要公共和私营部门的积极参与。我提到我会晤了议员、民间社会组织，我们也定期会晤基金会，实际上是整个国际社会，助力集中资源应对一系列挑战，包括疫苗、债务，当然还有气候变化问题。

I have received a note. I must have said 250,000 doses, but I meant 250 million doses – a quarter of a billion doses are under contract by the World Bank that can get to countries through country financing programs. And we are working as hard as we can 24/7 to expand that number as soon as we can get doses and delivery schedules from the advanced economies and from the manufacturers.

我收到一张纸条，我可能说成了25万剂疫苗，实际上我的意思是2.5亿剂，世行签的合同有2.5亿剂疫苗，通过国别贷款计划送达各国。我们日以继夜地工作，尽力争取从发达经济体和制造商获得疫苗和交付时间表来扩大这个数字。

Okay, with that, I will be happy to take your questions. Thanks all.

现在我很乐意回答各位提问，谢谢。