3.Establishment and Operation of Center of Excellence on Nuclear Security
三、建设和运营核安全示范中心
The Center of Excellence on Nuclear Security (COE) of China, constructed with cooperation between China and the U.S., was completed one year ahead of schedule in December 2015, and went into formal operation in March 2016. The COE has integrated mature and advanced technology and equipment from both China and other countries, including technology demonstration and training building, analytical laboratory, environmental laboratory, mock nuclear material bunker, mock facility for nuclear material accounting and control, response force training and drill facility, testing field for physical protection, international first class education & training facility as well as supporting facilities. The main functions of the COE include personnel training, research and development, international exchange, as well as testing and certification, covering a variety of areas such as nuclear security, nuclear safeguards and inspection, nuclear material control, physical protection and ect.. The COE is a nuclear security exchange and training center with the largest scale, most comprehensive equipment and most advanced facilities in Asia Pacific Region and even beyond.
中国与美国合作建设的中国国家核安全示范中心于2015年12月提前建设完工，并于2016年3月正式投入运行。示范中心集成国内外成熟先进的技术和仪器设备，包括展示培训楼、分析实验楼、环境实验楼、模拟核材料库、核材料衡算模拟设施、响应力量培训与演练设施、室外实物保护测试场以及国内外一流的培训教学设施及国际交流配套设施，涵盖核安全、核保障监督、核材料管制、实物保护等多个领域，具备人员培训、技术研发、国际交流、测试与认证等功能。该示范中心是亚太地区乃至全球规模最大、设备最全、设施最先进的核安全交流与培训中心。
China will actively fulfill commitments by President Xi Jinping at the third Nuclear Security Summit, and take this COE as a platform to promote further exchanges and cooperation with other counties, the IAEA and relevant international organizations, thereby make contribution to strengthening nuclear security in the Asia Pacific region and the entire world.
中国将积极落实习近平主席在第三届核安全峰会上的承诺，以该中心为平台，与其他国家及国际原子能机构等国际组织开展交流与合作，为提升中国及亚太、全球核安全水平做出贡献。
4.Enhancing the security of Highly Enriched Uranium (HEU)
四、加强高浓铀安全
China pays great attention to the safety and security of HEU and supports minimizing the use of HEU where technically and economically feasible. The core of the HEU research reactor in Chinese Institute of Atomic Energy was discharged in September 2015. The conversion of this reactor to using Low Enriched Uranium (LEU) was completed in March 2016 by Chinese Institute of Atomic Energy. The project of converting Ghana's HEU research reactor is steadily making progress. The project entered implementation stage after China and Ghana signed in September 2014 an agreement for assistance in securing LEU for a research reactor. With the signing of a commercial contract between China and the United States in December 2015, production of LEU fuel elements for Ghana's research reactor started.
中国重视高浓铀安全，支持在技术和经济可行的情况下，最大限度减少高浓铀的使用。2015年9月，中国原子能科学研究院高浓铀研究堆卸出高浓铀堆芯；2016年3月，中国原子能科学研究院完成了高浓铀研究堆的低浓化改造工作。加纳高浓铀研究堆改造项目进展顺利。2014年9月，中国与加纳签署了《关于为研究堆协助供应低浓铀的协定》，项目正式进入实施阶段。2015年12月，中美签署相关商务合同，加纳研究堆低浓铀燃料元件开始加工。
China stands ready to consult with relevant countries on conversion of its China-origin HEU research reactors subject to voluntariness and feasibility, and is also willing to share with international community its experience and expertise in converting research reactors from using HEU to LEU.
中国愿本着自愿、务实的原则，与相关国家协商改造自中国进口的高浓铀研究堆，并与国际社会分享高浓铀研究堆低浓化改造技术经验。
5.Strengthening management of radioactive sources
五、强化放射源管理
China supports promoting radioactive sources application in civil areas with the precondition of strict management and ensuring security, and works hard to enhance its domestic radioactive sources security. China strictly follows the security standards of radioactive sources management, which cover all related aspects including production, sales, transportation, use and storage of the radioactive sources. China has made comprehensive efforts to upgrade the security level of radioactive waste repositories in various cities in China, completed compilation of the document "Security Requirements for Radioactive Waste Repositories in Cities" and conducted cooperation with the United States on radioactive sources security. China conducted security inspections of over 15,000 users of radioactive sources and properly disposed of disused radioactive sources. China also works to promote capacity building of radioactive sources security, actively hosts training courses and field exercises, promotes research and development of radioactive sources security technologies, and is conducting research on a tracking system of high-risk mobile radioactive sources, as well as technical protection measures of radiation devices.
中国支持在严格管理、确保安全的前提下，促进放射源在民用领域的应用，着力提升国内放射源安全水平。中国严格执行放射源安全管理标准，全方位涵盖放射源生产、销售、运输、使用、收贮等环节；全面推进中国各城市放射性废物库安保升级，完成《城市放射性废物库安全防范系统要求》，与美国开展放射源安保方面的合作；完成了1.5万多家放射源利用单位的安全检查，妥善处置了废旧放射源；加强放射源安全能力建设，积极开展人员培训和安保实战演练；推进放射源安保技术研发，开展高风险移动放射源跟踪系统、辐照装置安保技防措施等研究设计工作。
6.Combating illicit trafficking of nuclear materials
六、打击核材料非法贩运
China takes combating illicit trafficking of nuclear material as the key element in preventing the acts of nuclear terrorism, and has always attached great importance to non-proliferation export control. China has been continuously strengthening the construction of the gateway ports in taking precautions against illicit trafficking of nuclear and other radioactive material, and has installed nationwide over 1000 radiation detecting equipments of various types at sea, air, highway and railway ports. China has enlarged the radiation inspection and detection coverage in key ports of large scale, and will soon achieve 100% radiation inspection and detection of all the inbound and outbound containers at Yangshan Port in Shanghai and Dongjiang Bonded Port in Tianjin. China has improved the law enforcement personnel's ability and has held in China Customs Training Center for Radiation Detection 45 training courses on radiation detection and commodity identification for over 1280 officials from both domestic and abroad, as well as about 30 customs' part-time trainers. China has timely amended and strictly implemented The Nuclear and Nuclear Dual-Use Items Export Control List with reference to the latest control list of the Nuclear Suppliers Group, and started to implement the latest Nuclear Export Control List from January 1st, 2016. China has signed cooperation documents with the U.S. and Russia on preventing illicit trafficking of nuclear and other radioactive material, and conducted joint exercise with Russia on preventing illicit trafficking of nuclear and other radioactive material on borders in October 2015.
中国将打击核材料非法贩运视为防止核恐怖主义的重要环节，一贯高度重视防扩散出口管制工作。中国不断加强国家开放口岸防范核材料及其他放射性材料非法贩运基础建设，已在全国重要的海港、空港、公路及铁路口岸配备各类辐射探测设备1000余台；加强重点大型港口辐射探测覆盖面，在上海洋山港和天津东疆保税港区即将对进出口集装箱实现100%辐射探测；提高一线执法人员能力，利用中美合作建设的中国海关辐射探测培训中心，已成功举办辐射探测培训、出口管制商品识别培训班45期，培训国内外学员达1280名，海关兼职教师30余名；参照核供应国集团最新管制清单，及时修订并严格落实核及核两用品出口管制清单，于2016年1月1日起正式执行最新《核出口管制清单》；与美国、俄罗斯等就防范核材料及其他放射性物质非法贩运签署合作文件，并于2015年10月与俄罗斯成功举行中俄边境防范核材料及其他放射性物质非法贩运联合演习。
7.Strengthening nuclear emergency response capability
七、提升核应急水平
China has established a fairly comprehensive system of legislations, regulations and standards on nuclear emergency response, and has been constantly improving its nuclear emergency response plans and coordination mechanisms. China has strengthened nuclear emergency response capability building, enhanced communication and exchange with the general public, and actively conducted nuclear emergency response exercises. China is making efforts to strengthen technology support team and rescue force for national nuclear emergency response, and is building a nuclear emergency rescue force of 320 people. In June 2015, China conducted a nation-level exercise on nuclear emergency response coded ‘Shengdun-2015', with 2900 participants. Delegates from France, Pakistan and the IAEA observed the exercise. In January 2016, China issued the white paper "China's Nuclear Emergency Preparedness", which gives a comprehensive introduction of China's nuclear emergency response guidelines, achievements and future prospects.
中国已建立了较为完整的核应急法律法规和标准体系，不断完善核应急预案和协调机制，加强核应急能力建设，强化与公众沟通和交流，积极开展核应急演练，着力建设国家核应急技术支持队伍和救援力量，正在组建一支320人的核应急救援队伍。2015年6月，中国组织开展代号为"神盾－2015"的国家核应急联合演习，参演规模达2900人，并接待法国、巴基斯坦及国际原子能机构等代表观摩演习。2016年1月，中国发布了《中国的核应急》白皮书，全面介绍了中国核应急工作方针、取得成就和未来展望。
8.Enhancing nuclear cyber security
八、加强涉核网络安全
China attaches great importance to nuclear cyber security. China has been continuously enhancing related legislations, strengthening management on information security of industrial control system and cyber security in the internet industry, and enhancing capability to ensure information security and cyber security of nuclear industry. China has put in place cyber security requirements for the management of industry control system and is exploring the possibility of establishing a security risk notice mechanism. China has strengthened protection of internet infrastructure and operation system, and conducted risk assessment regularly. China has enhanced emergency response capabilities concerning cyber security incidents, and conducted a number of exercises in this regard. China has improved its capability to prevent cyber attack on the public internet, and strengthened internet data protection.
中国高度重视涉核网络安全，不断加强相关立法工作，加强工业控制系统信息安全和互联网行业网络安全管理，提高行业信息安全和网络安全保障能力。明确工业控制系统网络安全管理要求，探索安全风险发布机制；加强网络基础设施和业务系统安全防护，定期开展风险评估；提升突发网络安全事件应急响应能力，组织开展网络安全应急演练；提高公共互联网网络攻击防范能力，强化网络数据保护。
9.Establishing radiation environment monitoring system
九、建立辐射环境监测体系
China has established a fairly comprehensive national radiation environment monitoring network, which conducts radiation environment quality monitoring as well as monitoring of nuclear facilities of national priority for both supervision and emergency response purposes. All the provinces have established provincial-level radiation environment monitoring networks. The national radiation environment monitoring network includes radiation environment and air automatic monitoring stations, and 1400 quality monitoring spots for land, water, marine organism, soil and electromagnetic radiation. All the monitoring data are open to the public.
中国建立了比较完善的国家辐射环境监测网，开展辐射环境质量监测、国家重点监管的核设施监督性监测及事故应急监测。各省也建立了省级辐射环境监测网。国家辐射环境监测网包括辐射环境空气自动监测站和陆地、水体、海洋生物、土壤、电磁辐射共计1400个质量监测点位，所有监测数据向公众公开。
The fourth Nuclear Security Summit will be held in Washington D.C. of the United States from 31st March to 1st April 2016. China is willing to work with all parties to make this summit a success. After the summit process concludes, China will continuously take part in a deep way in the international nuclear security process, commit to strengthen the international nuclear security system, and make contribution to strengthen global nuclear security and achieve common nuclear security for all.
第四届核安全峰会将于2016年3月31日至4月1日在美国华盛顿举行，中方愿与各方一道，推动本届峰会取得成功。峰会进程结束后，中方将一如既往地深入参与国际核安全进程，致力于强化国际核安全体系，为提高全球核安全水平、实现共同核安全做出贡献。