作品原文

梁实秋 《男人》

男人令人首先感到的印象是脏！当然，男人当中亦不乏刷洗干净洁身自好的，甚至还有油头粉面衣冠楚楚的，但大体讲来，男人消耗肥皂和水的数量要比较少些。某一男校，对于学生洗澡是强迫的，入浴签名，每周计核，对于不曾入浴的初步惩罚是宣布姓名，最后的断然处置是定期强迫入浴，并派员监视；然而日久玩生，签名簿中尚不无浮冒情事。有些男人，西装裤尽管挺直，他的耳后脖根，土壤肥沃，常常宜于种麦！袜子手绢不知随时洗涤，常常日积月累，到处塞藏，等到无可使用时，再从那一堆污垢存货中拣选比较干净的去应急。有些男人的手绢，拿出来硬像是土灰面制的百果糕，黑糊糊粘成一团，而且内容丰富。男人的一双脚，多半好像是天然的具有泡菜霉干菜再加糖蒜的味道，所谓“濯足万里流”是有道理的，小小的一盆水确是无济于事；然而多少男人却连这一盆水都吝而不用，怕伤元气。两脚既然如此之脏，偏偏有些“逐臭之夫”喜于脚上藏垢纳污之处往复挖掘，然后嗅其手指，引以为乐！多少男人洗脸都是专洗本部，边疆一概不理，洗脸完毕，手背可以不湿，有的男人是在结婚后才开始刷牙。“扪虱而谈”的是男人。男人的脏大概是由于懒。

对了！男人懒。他可以懒洋洋坐在旋椅上，五官四肢，连同他的脑筋（假如有），一概停止活动，像呆鸟一般；“不闻夫博弈者乎……”那段话是专门对男人说的。他若是上街买东西，很少时候能令他的妻子满意，他总是不肯多问几家，怕跑腿，怕费话，怕讲价钱；什么事他都嫌麻烦，除了指使别人替他做的事之外，他像残废人一样对于什么事都愿坐享其成，而名之曰“室家之乐”。

紧毗连着“懒”的是“馋”。男人大概有好胃口的居多。他的嘴，用在吃的方面的时候多。他吃饭时总要在菜碟里发现至少一英寸见方的半英寸厚的肉，才能算是没有吃素。几天不见肉，他就喊“嘴里要淡出鸟儿来！”有一个人半年没有吃鸡，看见了鸡毛帚就流涎三尺。一餐盛馔之后，他的人生观都能改变，对于什么都乐观起来。一个男人在吃一顿好饭的时候，他脸上的表情硬是感谢上天待人不薄；他饭后衔着一根牙签，红光满面，硬是觉得可以骄人。主中馈的是女人，修食谱的是男人。

男子多半自私。他的人生观中有一基本认识，即宇宙一切均是为了他的舒适而安排下来的。除了在做事赚钱的时候不得不忍气吞声的向人奴颜婢膝外，他总是要做出一副老爷相。他的家是他的国度，他在家里称王。他除了为赚钱而吃苦努力外，他是一个“伊比鸠派”，他要享受。他高兴的时候，孩子可以骑在他的颈上，他引颈受骑；他可以像狗似的满地爬；他不高兴时，他看着谁都不顺眼；在外面受了闷气，回到家里来加倍的发作。他不知道女人的苦处。女人对于他的殷勤委曲，在他看来，就如同犬守户鸡司晨一样稀松平常，都是自然现象。他说他爱女人，其实他不是爱，他是享受女人。他不问他给了别人多少，但是他要在别人身上尽量榨取。他觉得他对女人最大的恩惠，便是把赚来的钱全部或一部拿回家来，但是当他把一卷卷的钞票从衣袋里掏出来的时候，他的脸上的表情是骄傲的成分多，亲爱的成分少，好像是在说：“看我！你行么？我这样待你，你多幸运！”他若是感觉到这家不复是他的乐园，他便有多样的借口不回到家里来。他到处云游，他另辟乐园。他有聚餐会，他有酒会，他有桥会，他有书社画会棋会，他有夜会，最不济的还有个茶馆。他的享乐的方法太多。假如轮回之说不假，下世侥幸依然投胎为人，很少男人情愿下世做女人的。他总觉得这一世生为男身，而享受未足，下一世要继续努力。

“群居终日，言不及义”原是人的通病，但是言谈的内容，却男女有别。女人谈的往往是“我们家的小妹又病了！”“你们家每月开销多少？”之类，男人的是另一套。普通的方式，男人的谈话，最后不谈到女人身上便不会散场。这一个题目对男人最有兴味。如果有一个桃色案他们唯恐其和解得太快。他们好议论人家的阴私，好批评别人的妻子的性格相貌。“长舌男”是到处有的，不知为什么这名词尚不甚流行。

英文译文

On Men
Liang Shiqiu

What strikes us first of all in men is their uncleanliness. There are of course no lack of men who always make a point of keeping themselves spick-and-span. And some of them even make up heavily and dress respectably. But, generally speaking, men consume a smaller quantity of soap and water than women. A certain boys' school made it compulsory for its students to take a bath regularly. Every student had to sign his name before taking a bath so that the school authorities could conduct a weekly checkup. Those who violated the regulation for the first time would have their names published. The drastic measure for those who repeated the offence was to force them to take a bath regularly under surveillance. Nevertheless abuses crept in with time. Forgery was often discovered among the signatures. Some men, although they wear smooth-ironed Western style pants, leave much dirt behind their ears and around their necks---so much that it is good enough for growing wheat! Their unwashed socks and handkerchiefs accumulate and are left here and there in unseen corners. When no more clean ones are available, some of the less dirty ones are picked out from the filthy stock to meet an urgent need. Men’s handkerchiefs, curled up into blackened balls, look like fruit cakes made of wholemeal flour and have a very rich content of their own. Men's feet, for the most part, seem to have a distinctive smell of their own, like that of pickles, dried vegetables and sweetened garlic all mixed together. There is some truth in the saying: "The running water of a long river is good for washing one's feet." Therefore, it goes without saying that a small basin of water will hardly suffice for the same purpose. But lots of men begrudge using even a mere basin of water to wash their feet---perhaps for fear of sapping their vitality and spirit! Dirty as their feet are, some men are so eccentric as to indulge in passing their fingers repeatedly among their stinking toes and then smelling their fingers with gusto. Some men, when they wash up, they concentrate only on the face proper, without touching the rest of the head and without wetting the back of the hand. Some do not brush their teeth until after they get married. The addiction to "chatting while cracking body lice with fingernails'' is unique to men only. Probably, men's uncleanliness is due to their laziness.

Indeed, men are lazy. You will find them lolling in a revolving chair, dumb like a wooden chicken, their five sense organs, their four limbs as well as their brain (if any) all at a complete standstill. What Confucius says all about those who eat their fill all day without doing any work obviously refers to men exclusively. When men go shopping, their wives are seldom satisfied with their purchases because they never bother to shop around, never bother to do more walking and talking, never bother to bargain over prices. They hate to be bothered about anything except that which is to be done on their behalf by others. Like disabled persons, they will sit idle to enjoy the fruits of other's labor. And they call all that "domestic bliss"!

Closely linked to men's laziness is their gluttony. Men mostly have good appetite. Their mouth is most of the time busy eating .They will brand there meal as a vegetarian one unless they can spot in the dishes a piece of meat at least one inch square and half an inch thick. They will complain like hell after a couple of meatless days. Men who have gone half a year without eating chicken will start drooling copiously at the sight of even a feather duster. A sumptuous dinner can change their outlook on life and make them sanguine about everything. During a good meal, genuine thankfulness to Heaven for its overflowing bounty will be written all over their faces. After the meal, sporting a toothpick between their teeth, they will be glowing with smug satisfaction. Women do the cooking, men are gourmets.

Men are mostly self-centered. It is the basic tenet of their philosophy of life that all universe should function to ensure their personal comfort. They always act like overlords except when in working to earn money, they need to behave submissively and servilely towards others. They regard their homes as kingdoms under their rule. They are Epicureans obsessed with pleasure-seeking except when they have to toil strenuously for money. When in a cheerful mood, they can crawl about on all fours like dogs with their kids riding on their craned necks. When they are in a bad mood, they seem to find everybody at home an eyesore. When they feel they have been wronged by somebody, they will come home to take it out all on their own folks. They don't know how hard their wives suffer. They take their wife’s tender care and submissiveness for granted and regard them as something very commonplace, like dogs guarding their homes and cocks crowing to herald the break of day. Instead of truly loving their wives as they claim ,they simply make use of them .They try to squeeze as much as possible out of others without ever stopping to think how much they themselves have given . They think it is their greatest favour to their wives to bring back all or part of the money they have earned. But, when they produce from their pockets rolls of banknotes, their faces reveal more pride than love ,as if saying ,"look at me !Can you be as smart as I am I'm treating you so well .How lucky you are!" When they think their homes are no longer their paradises, dinner parties, cocktail parties, painting and calligraphy exhibitions, chess games or night clubs. Failing all of them, they can at least find a tea house to while away their time. They have many ways to enjoy themselves. If transmigration were true so that they could be lucky enough to be reincarnated as humans, few of them would choose to be women in their next life. They would invariably feel they had not enjoyed enough as males in this life and therefore had to make up for it after they were reborn.

It is a common failing among human beings to engage in idle gossip. But men's gossip is generally different from that of women in content. The topics of women's chitchat are often like these: "Our little daughter is ill again!","What are your family expenses like?". Men, however, are different in their own way .They, as a rule, will never call it a day until their conversation has covered something about women. Women constitute the most intriguing topic of men's conversation. When a legal case involving a sex scandal crops up, they desire to see it go on infinitely. They take pleasure in gossiping about other people's private life and commenting on the character and appearance of other people's wives. Gossip men, known as "long-tongued men", are found everywhere although the epithet is somehow none too popular yet.