八、改革开放
a经济：
例22：
我们深切体验到，封闭必然落后，开放才能发展。因此，我们把对外开放作为基本国策，走面向世界的发展道路。
We are deeply aware that locking doors against the world will make us lag behind, and only by opening to the outside world can we realize development. We set “opening to the outside world” as a basic state policy and embarked on the road of development-oriented towards the world.

从设立经济特区到开放沿海城市，以致全方位对外开放，中国已经由封闭半封闭型经济转变成开放型经济。
With the setting up of special economic zones, then the opening of coastal cities and finally opening multi-dimensionally to the outside world, China’s economy has been turned into an open economy from the closed or semi-closed economy.

同时，我们清醒地认识到，中国是个发展中的大国，我们的发展不能也不可能依赖外国，必须也只能主要依靠自己的力量，立足于扩大国内需求, 通过系统和体制创新来创造活力。
In the meantime, however, we are fully aware that China is still a big underdeveloped country. Our development should not and cannot rely on foreign countries but on our own efforts. We should be based on expanding the domestic demand, and activate creativity through innovations in systems and mechanisms.

我们大胆学习和吸收人类社会创造的一切文明成果，同时又坚持弘扬中华文明，从而为我国现代化建设注入了强大的精神动力。
We have been bold in learning and absorbing all advanced achievements of human civilizations while carrying forward the Chinese civilization so as to inject strong spiritual vitality to our modernization drive.

例23:
近年来，随着上海市民人均收入的逐年增加，消费结构发生了根本性的变化。
In recent years, as the per capita income of Shanghai residents have increased year after year, the consumption structure has undergone fundamental changes.

许多传统的消费热点正在悄悄降温，新的消费亮点已展露头角，过去单一的节假日购物消费已向多元化消费转变。
Many traditional consumption fads are quietly losing their charms, while new/fresh consumption forms/ways are catching on. Shopping used to be the only form of holiday consumption, but the consumption fashion has been diversified/taken on various forms now.

从节假日购物消费来看，同样也在悄然发生着变化。人们的节日休闲娱乐消费已突破了以往上舞厅，打保龄球等传统形式。
Changes have also occurred stealthily/quietly in recreational consumption during holiday seasons. In this regard, people have gone beyond the traditional practice of going to the discos or playing bowling.

取而代之的是市民选择在图书馆静静地阅读，或举家到博物馆浏览参观。市民娱乐消费的文化气息正在不断增强。
Instead, people/local residents choose to read quietly in the libraries, or visit the museum with the family. In short, the culture-related recreational consumption is gradually gaining currency.

b金融：
例24:
《财富》杂志排出了全球500家大企业，中国银行再次入选，位列第172位。迄今为止中国银行已连续十年入选。
The Bank of China was chosen again by Fortune as Global Top 500 and given the 172nd rank. Up to now, it has been chosen into the Fortune Top 500 list for ten years running.

中国银行有国内机构15，251个，海外分支机构548家，分布在世界五大洲的22个国家和地区，是具有强大的资金实力，发达的电子化网络系统，严密的风险防范体系和灵敏的市场反应能力的国际大银行。
The Bank of China has 15,251 organizations set up at home, and 548 abroad, distributed in 22 countries and regions all over the world. It is an international large-scale bank with rich funds, advanced electronic networks, a strict system of precautions against risk and quick response capacity.

中国银行是1999年被世界知名的英国杂志《银行家》列入全球前500家跨国银行的国内唯一的银行，在国内金融界始终保持一流地位。
It was the only domestic bank ranked in Global Top 500 Transnational Banks list in 1999, sponsored by the famous Banker magazine of Britain. It has kept at the first rank in domestic financial circles.

在海外，中国银行利用其分布在世界各地众多的机构，为全球的客户提供了广泛的金融服务，为促进我国的对外经济贸易发展作出了突出贡献。
Abroad, the Bank of China utilizes its distribution organizations all over the world to give extensive financial service to the users worldwide, and has made remarkable contribution for promoting the foreign economic trade development of China.

例25:
The Asian Development Bank said it would set up a $600-million fund to deliver prompt emergency funding to Asian countries hit by the Indian Ocean tsunamis in December, last year.
亚洲开发银行宣布，它将设立总值6亿美元的基金，以便为去年12月遭受印度洋海啸之灾的亚洲国家提供紧急资金援助。

The Asian Tsunami Fund will deliver grants for emergency technical assistance and investment projects to support reconstruction and rehabilitation in India, Indonesia, Maldives, Sri Lanka and Thailand.
亚洲海啸基金将为紧急技术援助和投资项目拨款，以便支持印度，印度尼西亚，马尔代夫，斯里兰卡和泰国的重建和修复工作。

Funding could be granted for public services such as water supply, electricity and communications， infrastructure such as roads, railways and ports，health and education services，agriculture and fisheries，housing，and ontainment of environmental damage.
基金将用于水，电以及通讯等公共服务领域，公路，铁路，港口码头等基础设施领域，卫生教育服务，农业，渔业，房屋修复和遏制环境破坏等。

The bank will host a high-level meeting here on March 18 to take stock of the recovery and pledges of support, and to reach a common understanding on rehabilitation and reconstruction programs over the next four to five years.
亚洲开发银行拟定于3月18日在此召开特别会议，评估灾后恢复情况以及援助承诺的执行情况，并就未来四到五年内受灾国家的修复和重建工作达成共识。

c家庭，社区，和谐社会：
例26:
俄罗斯有句谚语：“上帝让我们为邻”。中国也有句谚语：“远亲不如近邻。”
As a maxim in Russia goes, “God makes us neighbors.” There is also a similar saying in China, which says, “A distant relative is not as helpful as a near neighbor.”

中国自古以来就有亲仁善邻，崇信修睦的优良传统。
China boasts a good tradition of seeking friendship and living in amity with its neighbors.

我们将坚持与邻为善，以邻为伴，继续实行睦邻，安邻，富邻的政策，致力于同俄罗斯全面发展战略协作伙伴关系。
We will persist in building good-neighborly relationships and partnership with the neighboring countries, continue pursuing the policy of bringing harmony, security and prosperity to neighbors and commit ourselves to developing China-Russia strategic and cooperative partnership in an all-round manner.

让我们两国人民携起手来，共同创造中俄关系的美好未来！
Let the people of our two countries join hands and create jointly a bright future for China-Russia relations.

例27:
中华民族历史悠久，拥有很多的优良传统。早在古代，中国的先贤就主张“齐家，治国，平天下”的理念，倡导家国兼顾，尊老爱幼，和谐稳定的思想。
The Chinese nation takes pride in its long history and boasts many good traditions. Already in ancient times, Chinese sages advocate the philosophy of “family harmony leading to good government and in turn to universal peace”. They argued for balance between state and family interests, reverence of the old and care for the young and stressed family harmony and stability.

新中国成立以来，中国政府致力于通过法律保障，政策引导，道德约束来确保家庭的和谐与稳定，“家和万事兴”成为每一个幸福中国家庭生活的真实写照。
Since the founding of the new China, the government has sought to ensure family harmony and stability through legal protection, policy guidance and moral restraints. The saying “prosperity follows family harmony” has been a motto for every family in China seeking happiness.

中国政府有关部门十年来主办了一系列以家庭为主题的活动，如“五好文明家庭”评选，家庭文化艺术节，家庭文明工程等。
The relevant government agencies have sponsored a host of family-oriented activities, such as the “5-virtues family” award, family cultural and art festivals and projects aimed at promoting the civilized family.

中国人口与计划委员会还将举办“世界家庭峰会”。全面回顾和评估“国际家庭年”确定的目标和成果，从家庭的角度推动实现千年发展目标。
A world summit on the family, sponsored by China’s National Population and Family Planning Commission, will be held. The summit is to comprehensively review and assess the progress made so far since the realization of the Millennium Development Goals from the family perspectives.

例28：
所谓“国家兴亡，匹夫有责”，每一个中国人都要关心和参与国事，以负责任的态度来提出意见和看法。
All citizens have a duty to the country. Every Chinese should care about national affairs, come forward to take part, voice their views and opinions in a responsible manner.

同时也要虚心接受和包容别人的意见。这样，我们就能加强人民在国家建设中的参与感，民族认同感和自豪感。
At the same time, they should accept and accommodate others’ views with an open mind. This way, we will be able to enhance people’s sense of participation in national building, as well as their sense of national identity and sense of pride.

当然，在多民族社会，我们不仅要促进文化发展，还要强调社会和谐的必要性。
Of course, in a multi-racial society, we must not only promote cultural development, but also stress the need for social harmony.

正如儒家所说，“君子和而不同，小人同而不和。”各民族的文化有着不同的，独特的习俗，但也有着共同的行善宗旨。我们必须求大同，存小异。
It has been the Confucian philosophy to accommodate divergent views. All ethnic cultures have different unique practices, but they also share a common goal of doing good. We should all work for the common goal while preserving our minor difference.

d住房：
例29:
根据房地产权威部门的统计，去年中国的平均住房价格达到了每平方米2，226元，比前年高出6%。
According to the statistics from the housing/real estate authority, last year the housing price of China averaged 2,226yuan per square meter, which was a 6 percent up over the year before.

北京，上海和广州的住房价格在全国范围内位居前列，每平方米超过了3，400元。市中心商业区及周边地区的住房价格则更为昂贵。
Housing in Beijing, Shanghai and Guangzhou ranked the most expensive across the country, because their prices exceeded 3,400yuan per square meter. Houses in and around commercial districts in the city centre were even more expensive.

上述三大城市的住房销售资料显示，去年房地产市场的总体增长主要出现在上半年，下半年的增长幅度有所下降。
The sales reports of the houses in the above-mentioned three cities suggest that the overall growth in the real estate market last year occurred mainly in the first half of the year. In the second half of the year, the growth rate showed a somewhat downward trend.

我认为，由于去年下半年新建成的房地产项目已不断积累，未售出的存量房增长幅度已经超过7%，今年的住房销售总量将有所减缓。
I think because in the second half of last year, newly-completely housing projects kept growing in number, and because the growth rate of unsold stockpile houses was over 7%, the total sales volume of houses this year will be reduced to some extent.