I．Translate the following two passages into Chinese. (35 points) (45 min.)

(A)
Copyright protection is available for almost all writings ---- books, short stories, magazine articles, newspaper columns, poetry, plays, screenplays, and songs. Both fictional and non-fictional works are covered, and copyright protection is even available for such writings as an index, a master’s thesis, a map, even an original directory, such as the phone book, or a name and address guide to vegetarian restaurants. Does attributing the quoted portion to the author relieve you of liability for copyright infringement? No, but the reverse --- omitting the author credit --- may well make your copying appear to be intentional plagiarism, so that the equitable defense of fair use won’t apply. Fair is fair. … Fair use does not automatically prevent an irate author or publisher from suing you and/or your publisher for copyright infringement with respect to the quoted material. It merely permits you a defense --- an excuse --- to tell the judge if suit is filed.

(B)
People realize that the threats to the grandeur and beauty of nature are everywhere, and the most serious are often under the banner of “progress”: trees are cut for building; waterways are useful for disposition of sewage effluent and for generation of electric power; a mountain vital to the economy has to be invaded; valleys and grasslands must be developed to accommodate the steadily growing population. But people have come to realize that the planning for wilderness is essential. They should bequeath this beautiful country to the grandchildren as it was when they inherited it from their grandfather.


II．Translate the following two passages into English. (40 points) (45 min.)

(A)
台湾的选战已经被民进党演变成一场政治大赌博。对于陈水扁和“台独”势力来说，继续把持权力就是一切，台湾前途、民众安危、两岸关系、台海和平都可以置之度外，都可以拿来当赌注。更严重的是，陈水扁肆无忌惮地挑衅一个中国的原则，正在把台湾推向灾难。如果陈水扁执意要推行他的“台独时间表”，那么就必有反台独的“时间表”。不要怀疑绝大多数的海内外中国人维护国家主权和领土完整的决心和能力！
中国人民解放军高级将领多次郑重声明，“宣布台独之日，就是宣布战争之时”。军中无戏言，中国人民解放军说话是算数的。陈水扁可以失信于2300完台湾同胞，但中国政府绝不会失信于包括台湾同胞在内的13亿中国人民。一旦台湾走上分裂之路，中国人民解放军将采取必要手段维护祖国主权和领土完整。这是迫不得已之举，是中华人民共和国宪法赋予中国人民解放军的神圣职责。挑起战火的“台独”分子是民族的千古罪人，必将受到历史的严厉惩罚。

(B)
孔子过泰山侧，有妇人哭于墓者而哀。夫子式[1]而听之。使子路问之曰：“子之哭也，壹似重有忧者？[2]”而曰[3]：“然！昔者吾舅[4]死于虎，吾夫又死焉，今吾子又死焉。”夫子曰：“何为不去也？”曰：“无苛政。[5]”夫子曰：“小子识[6]之，苛政猛于虎也！”

注解：（供理解用，不必翻译）
[1] 式：同轼，车前的伏手板。这里用作动词。[2] 壹：真是，实在。重有：不止一次遭遇到。[3] 而：乃。[4]：舅：指公公。[5]苛政：虐政也，指苛烦的政令，繁重的赋役等。[6]小子：古时长辈对晚辈，或老师对学生的称呼。识：记住

III．WRITING
Writing task 1: (35 points) (45 min.)
Some social scientists worry that widespread use of electronic communications will make people more isolated; that face-to-face interaction will eventually become so rare that people will lose the ability to emphthize.

Write a cause-and-effect paper arguing that the development of electronic communications will not be detrimental to face-to-face human interaction.

Writing task 2: (40 points) (45 min.)

Assume that China Daily has now opened a special column “Society and Medicine” for discussion of some controversial topics. Select ONE from the following and write a letter to the newspaper, expressing your own opinions. Use business letter format.

Topics for argument:
(a) should the government compel genetic testing as a prerequisite to marriage?
(b) Should government pass a law permitting the sale of organs, such as kidneys, for medical transplants?
(c) Should laboratory virus of SARS be preserved for research or destroyed to prevent future outbreaks?