真题训练

There are two basic ways to see growth: one as a product, the other as a process. People have generally viewed personal growth as an external result or product that can easily be identified and measured. The worker who gets a promotion, the student whose grades improve, the foreigner who learns a new language — all these are examples of people who have measurable results to show for their efforts.
By contrast, the process of personal growth is much more difficult to determine, since by definition it is a journey and not the specific signposts or landmarks along the way. The process is not the road itself, but rather the attitudes and feelings people have, their caution or courage, as they encounter new experiences and unexpected obstacles. In this process, the journey never really ends; there are always new ways to experience the world, new ideas to try, new challenges to accept.
In order to grow, to travel new roads, people need to have a willingness to take risks, to confront the unknown, and to accept the possibility that they may "fail" at first. How we see ourselves as we try a new way of being is essential to our ability to grow. Do we perceive ourselves as quick and curious? If so, then we tend to take more chances and to be more open to unfamiliar experiences. Do we think we're shy and indecisive? Then our sense of timidity can cause us to hesitate, to move slowly, and not to take a step until we know the ground is safe. Do we think we're slow to adapt to change or that we're not smart enough to cope with a new challenge? Then we are likely to take a more passive role or not try at all.
These feelings of insecurity and self-doubt are both unavoidable and necessary if we are to change and grow. If we do not confront and overcome these internal fears and doubts, if we protect ourselves too much, then we cease to grow. We become trapped inside a shell of our own making.
55. A person is generally believed to achieve personal growth when ________.
[A] he has given up his smoking habit
[B] he has made great efforts in his work
[C] he is keen on learning anything new
[D] he has tried to determine where he is on his journey

56. In the author's eyes, one who views personal growth as a process would ________.
[A] succeed in climbing up the social ladder
[B] judge his ability to grow from his own achievements
[C] face difficulties and take up challenges
[D] aim high and reach his goal each time

57. When the author says "a new way of being" (line 2, paragraph 3) he is referring to ________.
[A] a new approach to experiencing the world
[B] a new way of taking risks
[C] a new method of perceiving ourselves
[D] a new system of adaptation to change

58. For personal growth, the author advocates all of the following EXCEPT ________.
[A] curiosity about more chances
[B] promptness in self-adaptation
[C] open-mindedness to new experiences
[D] avoidance of internal fears and doubts
难句解析

难句解析：
①The worker who gets a promotion，the student whose grades improve,the foreigner wholearns a new language-all these are examples of people who have measurable results to show fortheir efforts.

该句破折号前是三个带有定语从句修饰的名词短语The worker ...the student...the foreigner，破折号后是系表结构these are examples其中的代词these复指前面的三个核心名词，people后跟有一个who引导的定语从句。

译文:工人得到升迁、学生成绩提高和外国人学会了一门新的语言―—这些都可以表明人们付出努力之后，取得了可测定的成绩。

②The process is not the road itself， but rather the attitudes and feelings people have,theircaution or courage,as they encounter new experiences and unexpected obstacles.

此句主干是The process is not...but rather...，并列连词not......but rather...意思是“不是...而是..” 。如: The old man is not a coward，but rather a man of high spirit，本句中 but rather连接的表语成分是the attitudes and feelings people hav和 their caution or courage as引导的是时间状语从句。

译文:成长过程不是道路本身，而是当遭遇新的情况或未预料到的坎坷时所持的态度和情感，是慎重行事还是勇往直前。

试题解析

试题解析：

55.[答案]A

[解析」本题考核的知识点是:推理引申题。

文章第一段谈到，人们对待成长有两种基本看法:将之视为结果和将之视为过程。该段第二句明确指出前者是人们通常持有的看法，即认为成长是一种外在的结果或成果，易于衡量。可以从该段最后作者给出的一系列例子去理解什么是外在结果。此外，最后一句中的“have measurable results to show for their effort”表明这种观点认为个人成长也是通过努力取得的结果。这样答案就显而易见了。只有[A]选项既是经过努力又是可以衡量的外在结果，故为正确答案。

[B]、[C]和[D]选项都属于过程中付出的努力，结果却不可测量，故都不对。

命题意图是要求考生熟悉类比题的一种变相出法，即，不直接对文中内容提问，而是要求考生在正确理解文中的例子后，从选项中选出与之类似的情况。解题关键在于能够把握原来例子的实质。

56.[答案]C

[解析]本题考核的知识点是:推理引申题。

有关视成长为过程的的论述主要集中在第二段。这种观点认为成长是一段旅程，而不是具体的标记。人们应该看重的是成长过程中的态度和情感而非点滴的成功标记。[C]选项就是一种遭遇困难时的态度，也与第二段末句“new challenges to acce[观点一致，为正确答案。

[A]选项是结果，而非过程。[B]选项显然是从结果的角度去看待人的发展。[D]选项仍然是追求有“标志”的成功结果。因此都可以排除。

57.[答案]A

[解析]本题考核的知识点是:词义题。

题干中的短语出自第三段第二句中的how we see ourselves as we try a new way of.being该句之后，作者一连提出并列的三个问题，并给予了回答。三个问句及其回答分别是人由于对自身看法的不同而产生的不同处世方法: how we see ourselve是对三个问题的概括，而anew way of bein这个关键词则应该涵盖三个回答的内容。[A]选项是简练、全面的概括，为正确答案。being相当于existing，意为:处世生存方式。首先排除[C]，它涉及的是问句的内容，[B]和[D]选项虽然都在该段被提及，但是不具有概括性，应该排除。

58.[答案]D

[解析」本题考核的知识点是:作者观点题。

第三段首句提到，为了成长，人们需要乐于冒险、勇于面对未知事物、接受“失败”。接下来的一系列设问句说明了“快捷、有好奇心、抓住更多的机会、体验不熟悉的事情、对付新挑战”等的重要性，因此[A]、[B]和[C]选项都在文中提到。而第四段首句“这些不安全感和自我怀疑不仅是无法避免的，而且是必要的”充分表明作者对这些态度的肯定。由此可知，[D]选项与作者观点不一致，而且从第四段第二句作者用的两个假设也可看出他对躲避态度的否定，综上所述可以推出[D]选项为正确答案。

全文翻译

全文翻译：
人们对成长有两种基本看法：一是将其视作结果；一是将其视为过程。人们通常把个人成长看做是易于识别和测量的外在结果。工人得到升迁，学生成绩提高，外国人学会了一门新的语言——这些都可表明人们付出努力之后，取得了可衡量的成绩。
相比之下，对成长过程的测定就难多了，因为从定义上讲，它是一次旅行，不是沿途上的某个路标或界标。成长过程不是道路本身，而是当遭遇新的情况或未曾预料的坎坷时所持的态度和情感，是慎重行事还是勇往直前。在这个过程中，旅行永远不会真的结束；总会有新的方法去体验世界，新的思想去尝试，新的挑战去面对。
要想成长，要想探索新的道路，人们就得乐于冒险，乐于面对未知世界，并敢于接受初次尝试便失败的可能性。我们在尝试新的生存方式时如何看待自己对我们能力的培养是至关重要的。自以为行动敏捷而又好奇吗？如果这样，我们就会去抓住更多机会，更加勇于面对陌生的体验。自以为害羞而优柔寡断吗？那么这种恐惧感便会使我们犹豫不决，行动迟缓，而且在确保安全无虞后才前进一步。自以为适应变化的速度很慢，不够精明，无法应付新挑战吗？那么我们就可能采取消极姿态，或根本不去尝试。
如果我们要变化、要成长，那么这种不安全感、自我怀疑则是不可避免的，而且也是必要的。如果我们不能去正视并克服这些内在的恐惧和疑虑，如果我们过于自我保护，那么我们就会停止成长，陷进自己营造的壳里面。