(单词翻译:单击)
有些学生认为写作无非就是提前背诵一些优秀范文,到考试的时候就能套就套,能扯就扯,分数应该就不错了。有些学生的高考作文或四六级作文就是靠这种方式“快速提高”的。那你一定要注意了:“雅思考试中抄袭范文一律0分 !”
那如何对待优秀范文呢?我们从以下几个方面来说明一下。
(一) 读书要有筛选。由于每个人的水平都不一样,所以提醒同学们不是每篇文章都要精读,首先要有选择,选择里面最适合自己的水平或要求的段落或篇章。
(二) 抓住词汇。作文中词汇缺乏是大多数同学的问题,而背单词本身又很枯燥,然在范文中背单词有句子有情景,至少不会混淆单词的意思。在范文里背单词主要把握里面的动词,非实物的名词,以及形容词和副词等。
(三) 短语和句型。短语能扩大自己表达意思的长度,有价值的搭配需要掌握,尤其是一些自己不熟但作文常用的词的固定搭配,一定要牢记。句型多变是作文高分的重要因素,所以在范文里若见到好的句子结构,不妨摘抄下来,并做一些类似的句子造句。如:
1.Modern device such as computer has wide applications in our daily life.
2.Another reason for my perference of computer is that it can improve our working effiency.
这两句我们只需换一下黑体的单词就可以用在别处了。
(四) 注意文中的衔接与连贯。最简单的衔接与连贯就是连词了,在雅思范文中注意出现的自己不常用的那些词如:nevertheless,whereas,consequently,enhance等;比较高级的衔接与连贯就是分词,从句了,如“Zidane decided to retire from football,claiming that he had accomplished all the goals he had wanted to achieve. ”;如果文章里有表示顺序的词,要特别注意那些我们不常用的词。
(五) 段落的写作方法。如何引入?如何展开?引用事实,数据,或者说理?有什么方法值得我们借鉴?有哪些内容我们可以引用?同学们须多思考总结。
(六) 英汉对比。这一步一定要做,同学们可以看着范文的汉语翻译自己再用英语重反一次,对比英语原文找差距,找不同,体会英汉差异。改正自己汉语味较浓的句子。
如:目前,关于人和动物之间的关系出现了不同层次的讨论。
Nowadays,about people and animals’ relationship appear severl different layers of discussions.这句显然是chinglish,尤其是黑体的部分尤为突出,汉语里的出现有及物动词的性质,但直译为appear就讲不通了,因为appear是不及物动词。这句正确说法应该用there be 句型。
Nowadays there are discussions on several different levels about the relationship between humans and animals.
下面以剑桥文章举例说明:
A successful uniform needs to balance two key sets of needs.(大意为:成功的制服主要需要平衡两种需求。跟自己想到的表达方式对比一下,黑体部分值得借鉴)On the one hand,no uniform will work if staff feel uncomfortable or ugly. Giving the wearers a choice has become a key element in the way corporate clothing is introduced and managed. On the other , it is pointless if the look do not express the business’s marketing strategy . The greater chanllenge in this respect(短语“在这个方面”)is time. When it comes to human perceptions , first impressions count.(句型) Customers will size up the way staff look in just a few seconds , and that few seconds(习惯表达,强调)will color their attitudes(动词color极其到位,可扩展为短语整体记忆)
from then on . Those few seconds can be so important that big companies are prepared to invest (动词,形象是否比自己想到的spent 要好?)years,and millions of pounds ,getting them right