Milling and Milling Cutter
铣削和铣刀
Milling is a machining process that is carried out by means of a multiedge rotating tool known as a milling cutter.
铣削是采用被称为铣刀的多刃旋转刀具完成的机加工作业。
In this process, metal removal is achieved through combining the rotary motion of the milling cutter and linear motions of the workpiece simultaneously. Milling operations are employed in producing flat, contoured and helical surfaces as well as for thread- and gear-cutting operation.
在此工艺中金属去除是通过铣刀的旋转运动和工件的直线运动的组合实现的。铣削作业既可用于生成平面、轮廓面和螺旋面也可用于切削螺纹和齿轮。
Each of the cutting edges of a milling cutter acts as an individual single-point cutter when it engages with the workpiece metal. Therefore, each of those cutting edges has appropriate rake and relief angles.
在铣刀切削工件金属时铣刀的每条切削刃都象一单独的单刃刀具一样作用。所以每条切削刃都适当的前后角。
Since only a few of the cutting edges are engaged with the workpiece at a time, heavy cuts can be taken without adversely affecting the tool life. In fact, the permissible cutting speeds and feeds for milling are three to four times higher than those for turning or drilling.
由于同一时间只有部分切削刃切削工件因此可以在对刀具寿命没有不利影响的情况下承担重型切削。事实上铣削允许的切削速度和进给比车削或钻削高三到四倍。
Moreover, the quality of the surfaces machined by milling is generally superior to the quality of surfaces machined by turning, shaping, or drilling.
此外,由铣削加工的表面质量通常优于车削、刨削或钻削加工的表面质量。
A wide variety of milling cutters is available in industry. This, together with the fact that a milling machine is a very versatile machine tool, makes the milling machine the backbone of a machining workshop.
工业上可采用的铣刀类型众多。连同铣床是极通用机床的事实使得铣床成为机加工车间的支柱。
As far as the direction of cutter rotation and workpiece feed are concerned, milling is performed by either of the following two methods.
至于涉及到铣刀转动的方向和工件的进给铣削可以通过下列两种方法之一进行。