1.providing conj.假如；以…为条件(on condition that)

词根记忆：来自provide(v.提供；给予)

例：Providing initial evidence that airports are a larger source of pollution than they were once believed to be, environmentalists in Chicago report this.

同根词：provision(n．规定：条款)

2.provision n．供应(the act or process of providing)；（法律等）条款(a legal rule)

词根记忆：来自provide(v.提供)

例：Provision of outpatient care has not been a major function of the private hospital.

3.provisional a．暂时的，临时的(temporary)

词根记忆：pro(前)+vision(眼界)+al--眼前的--临时的

例：An arrest made by a Midville police officer is provisional until the officer has taken the suspect to the police station and the watch commander has officially approved the arrest.

派生词：provisionally( ad.临时地，暂时地)

4.proviso n．限制性条款(an article or clause as in a contract that introduces a condition)

例：I agree to do the work with one proviso that I'm paid in advance．

5.provoke v.产生，引起(to provide the needed stimulus for)

词根记忆：pro(在前)+voke(呼喊)--在某人前面呼喊--引起

例：The issues they raised have provoked a broader debate.

6.proximity n．接近(nearness)

词根记忆：proxim(近处)+ity--接近

例：Due to Bob's proximity to the microphone, his words were clearly recorded.

同根词：proximate(a．最近的)

7.prudent a．谨慎的(discreet)；精明的(sensible)

词根记忆：prud(小心)+ent--小心算计--谨慎的

例：Companies are making prudent preparations for a possible future development.

8.prudery n．过分拘谨，故作正经(behaviour or attitude of a prude)

法语词，由prude(n．过分拘谨的人)而来

例：This is no time for prudery.

9.pseudonym n.假名（a person's name that is not his or her real name）；笔名(pen name)

词根记忆：pseudo(=false假，伪)+nym(=name名字)--假名：笔名

例：The author published his works under pseudonym.