英语口语
Unit 16 Scientists at work Speaking
第16单元 工作中的科学家 说
The work of scientists is often discussed.
科学家的工作经常引起争论。
Work in pairs and discuss the advantages and disadvantages
两人一组进行练习，讨论优点和缺点
of the following scientific discoveries and applications.
下面的科学发现及应用
A:Shanghai is the first city in the world
A:上海是世界上第一个
to build a high speed maglev train,from the city to Pudong Airport.
修建高速磁悬浮铁路上城市。铁路从市区延伸到浦东机场。
B:Well,in my opinion it's a waste of money.It's much too expensive.
B:依我看，这是浪费钱。它太贵了。
A:It's expensive, but very fast.
A:它是很贵，但是很快。
In the future,people can travel from Beijing to Shanghai in a few hours.
将来，人们可以在几个小时内从北京到达上海。
B:Flying is just as fast.
B:飞机也可以这么快，这笔钱最好用来
The money would be better spent building more roads or railways in other parts of China.
在中国别的地方修建更多的公路和铁路。
A:More roads and trains mean more pollution.
A:更多的公路和铁路就意味着更多的污染。
This new train has no wheels and no engine.
这种新的火车没有轮子，也没有引擎。
It's fast and clean and it doesn't make any noise,as planes do.
它既快又清洁，而且像飞机一样，不会产生噪音。
We should make more use of this new technology.
我们应该更多地利用这项新技术。
阅读理解
READING FRANKLIN'S FAMOUS KITE EXPERIMENT
阅读 富兰克林的著名风筝 实验
In the eighteenth century,
在18世纪，
Benjamin Franklin conducted a number of experiments in which he showed what electricity is.
本杰明。富兰克林做了一系列试验，以证明电是什么。
Here is how he described one of his experiments.
请看他是如何描述他其中的一次实验的:
In June 1752,
1752年6月，
I wanted to show that lightning and electricity are the same.
我想演示闪电和电是一回事。
Having realised that I could use a kite to attract lightning
意识到可以使用风筝来吸引闪电之后，
I decided to do an experiment.
我便决定做一次实验。
I built a strong kite and waited for bad weather.
我做了一个结实的风筝，等待着糟糕的天气。
When the first thunderstorm came,
当第一次雷暴来临时，
I took my condenser to a shed in the fields where I could do my experiment.
我把我的电容器带到田间座可以做实验的小屋
My son helped me fly the kite.
我的儿子帮我放风筝。
The kite flew high in the rainy sky,but nothing happened.
风筝在下雨的空中飞得很高，但什么事情也没有发生。
I was beginning to think that the experiment would not work.
我开始想这次实验要失败了。
Just then ,I saw some of the hairs on the string stand up.
正在此时，我看到细绳上的一些毛发竖了起来。
The string was getting charged!
细绳带电了!
I brought my finger close to the key
我把自己的手指靠近钥匙
and felt a light but very clear electric shock.
能感到轻微但很明显的电击。
Others followed even before the whole string was wet,
细绳上的其他细毛在风筝线被打湿之前也随之立了起来，
and I was able to collect and store a great deal of electricity in the condenser.
这样我就能够把大量的电收集在电容器中。
This experiment proves that lightning and electricity are the same.
这次实验证明了闪电和电是一回事。
To do the experiment you need four things:
要做这样的实验你需要四件东西:
a kite,a key,some really bad weather and a condenser to store electricity.
一个风筝，一个钥匙，恶劣的天气和一个采集并贮存电的电容器。
Most kites are made of paper,
大多数风筝都是纸做的
but a kite made of silk
但是丝绸做的风筝
will not tear so soon in weather with rain and strong winds.
在暴风雨的天气中能够持续使用更长的时间。
Build the frame of the kite
这样先搭起一个风筝框架。
by making a small cross of two pieces of light wood.
用两根很轻的小木条做成一个小十字架，
The pieces should be just long enough to reach the corners of the handkerchief.
两根木条的长度应该足以够到手绢的四角。
Tie the corners of the handkerchief to the points of the cross,
把手绢的四角系在十字架上，
and you will have a nice strong kite.
这样你就可以做成一个很好，很结实的风筝。
Add a tail to the frame and tie a long string to the cross
给风筝的框架加上一个尾巴，
so you can controlthe kite.
在十字架上系上一个长细以便你控制风筝。
The next steps are very important.
接下来的三个步骤十分重要。
First,fix a very sharp piece of metal pointing a foot or more above the frame
首先，在十字架骨架较长的一根木棍的端部固定一根金属丝，
to the top of the longest stick of the cross.
使它比框架长出一英尺或更长的一些。
Second,fasten a key to the end of the long string.
其次，把钥匙固定在那根长细绳的的末端。
Third,tie a silk ribbon to the string just above the key.
第三，在细绳上系上一条丝带，正好超过钥匙。
This ribbon,which must not get wet,will protect you from the electricity
这个丝带不要浸湿，它可以保护你不受电击。
Fly the kite when a thunderstorm appears to be coming on.
在暴风雨即将来临的时候去做风筝。
Stand inside a door,
站在门里
or under some cover,so that the silk ribbon does not get wet.
或遮盖物下面，以便丝带不被弄湿。
Take care that the string does not touch the wall or the door.
小心别让细绳碰到墙上或门上。
When a thundercloud comes over the kite,
当雷雨云笼罩了风筝之后。
the sharp piece of metal will pull the electricity from the cloud.
金属丝会把电传导过来，
The kite and the string will become charged.
这样，风筝和细绳也就带电了。
When the kite and the string are wet from the rain,
当风筝和细绳在雨中浸湿的时候，
they will conduct the electricity very well.
它们会充分地导电，
You can collect and store the electricity in the condenser
这样你就能把电收集并贮存在电容中
and use it for other experiments.
并用它做其他的实验。
课后练习
Work book Unit 16
练习本 16单元
Scientists at work
工作中的科学家
Integrating skills Reading
综合技能 阅读
Writing with colour
颜色的呈现
The following simple experiments is used to separate different liquids.
下面是个简单的实验就是分离不同的液体。
It is a technique that can be used by the police
这种方法经常被警察使用。
to find out whether people have used drugs or not.
用来找出人们是否有毒品。
It can also be used in science experiments
这个实验也在科学实验中用来
to find out about different colours in leaves,
发现叶子中的不同颜色
flowers and in different kinds of ink.
花和不同种类的墨水
A simple classroom experiment shows the hidden colours in ordinary markers
一个简单的班级实验表明普通的彩色蜡笔背后颜色。
using the "magic"of this technique.
使用技巧的魔术
Who would guess that within any brown or black marker in your pencil box
谁能想像得出在你铅笔盒里面的褐色或黑色的蜡笔。
lie all possible colours?
所有可能的颜色?
Or that this rainbow of colours would be so easy to set free?
或者彩虹的颜色有如此易变吗?
The secret is a simple technique called paper chromatography
一个简单的技术奥秘被称为纸色谱法
chromatography comes from the ancient Greek language
色谱法来自古希腊的语言。
and means "writing with colour".
意思是"颜色的呈现"。
It separates the colours in liquids,such as ink.
它在液体中分离颜色，比如墨水。
Paper chromatography is a simple experiment and easy to do in class.
在教室里，色谱法是一个很简单很容易的实验。
Materials:white paper towels or napkins,two glasses or cups.
原料：白色的纸毛巾或餐巾纸两个玻璃杯或杯子。
scissors,two pencils,
剪刀，两只铅笔，
two markers(Black and brown work best.)a stapler,some water
两只蜡笔(黑色和褐色最好工作)一个订书机，一些水
Instructions: 1.Cut strips out of the paper towels or napkins
说明书:1.把纸毛巾或餐巾纸剪成条。
that are about as long as the height of the glasses or cups.
只要高过玻璃杯或杯子
2.Fold the end of each strip over,and then staple it.
2.把每个纸条折叠起来然后订住它。
3.Make a clear dot of ink near the bottom of each strip.
3.在纸条的底部用墨水打个点。
4.Put some water in each glass or cup.
4.在玻璃杯或杯子里放些水。
5.Hang the strip on the pencil and put the pencil on top of the glass or cup.
5.把纸条挂在铅笔上然后把铅笔放在玻璃杯或杯子的上面。
6.Put the bottom of the paper strip in the water,
6.把纸的底部放进水里面去。
but the water should not touch the ink dot.
但水不能接触到墨水。
Make sure the ink stays above the water and the paper stays in the water.
要确定墨水在水的上面而纸停留在水里面。
7.Allow the water to go up through the strip
7.水随着纸上升。
and watch what happens to the ink dot.
会看到墨水点有什么变化。
Description and explanation
解释说明
The water moves up through the paper.
水随着纸慢慢移动
When it comes to the ink dot,the water takes the ink with it.
当它来到墨水点的时候，墨水点就被夺走了。
As the water moves up the strip,
当水蔓延到纸条上。
the black or brown ink dot changes shape and colour.Ink is a mix.
黑色或褐色的墨水点就变了形状和颜色。这时的墨水是混淆的。
For example,black ink contains several colours.
比如，黑色的墨水包含有不同的颜色。
Not all colours"travel" at the same speed.
不是全部的颜色都是同样的速度。
Some end up much further away from the dot.
有些颜色远离这个点。
That is why we see the colours spread out like a rainbow.
这就是我们为什么会看到这些颜色展成一条彩虹。
文本来源于在线英语听力室