(单词翻译:单击)
1. 三者均可表示原谅,有时可换用。如:
Please excuse [forgive, pardon] me for not writing sooner. 请原谅我没有早点(给你)写信。
但严格说来,三者在语气上有较大差别:excuse 是普通用词,语气较轻,主要用于日常社交中对一些轻微的过失表示道歉;forgive 比 excuse 语气稍重,并且带有较强的个人感情色彩,含有一旦 forgive 则怨恨消失且不加追究之意;pardon 语气最重,原指法律上的赦免,但在普通用法中也有免于惩罚或追究的意思。
2. 从句型上看:
(1) forgive, pardon 可接双宾语 (但 excuse 一般不这样用)。如:
Please forgive me my fault. 请原谅我的过错。
She pardoned him his faults. 她宽恕了他的过错。
(2) 三者之后接动词时通常都用动名词(而不用不定式)。如:
They forgave his being rude. 他们原谅了他的鲁莽。
Pardon my interrupting you. 对不起打扰你了。
Excuse my opening your letter by mistake. 请原谅我不小心拆了你的信。
注:以上各句均可用动词+sb+for doing sth替换:
They forgave him for being rude.
Pardon me for interrupting you.
Excuse me for opening your letter by mistake.
不要按汉语原谅某人做某事的意思,而在以上三个动词后接不定式的复合结构。如:
误:They forgave him to be rude.
误:Pardon me to interrupt you.
误:Excuse me to open your letter by mistake.
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