Lesson 4
第4课
consist
vi. （of）构成；（in）在于
Happiness does not consist in how many possessions you own.
是否快乐不在于你拥有多少财产。
reservation
n. 预订；保留；居留地
If you want to have dinner on Valentine's Day in a Western style restaurant, you'd better make reservations earlier.
情人节这天，你如果想在西式餐厅用晚餐最好早些订位。
priority
n. 优先；优先考虑的事
Playing basketball takes/has priority over other activities in Yao Ming's life.
在姚明的生活中，打篮球优先于其他活动。
massive
a. 大的；大量的
Doctors discourage massive doses of painkillers.
医生不赞成大量服用止痛片。
appliance
n. 器具
Household electrical appliances made in China are very popular.
中国国产家用电器非常受欢迎。
penetrate
v. 渗入；刺穿；洞察
The arrow penetrated through the target just in the centre.
箭射穿了靶子的中心。
reward
n. 报答，奖赏；酬金 vt. 报答，奖励
Good people will eventually be rewarded. /Good people will eventually get good reward.
好人终有好报。
sequence
n. 连续，一连串；次序
New employees had to attend a sequence of orientation meetings.
新职员得参加一系列的情况介绍会议。
opponent
n. 对手；反对者
Someone has said that there's no eternal friend or opponent in the business circle.
有人曾说过，在商场上，没有永远的朋友，也没有永远的对手。
motivate
vt. 激励
Do you think examinations can motivate a student to seek more knowledge?
你认为考试能不能促使学生去追求更多的知识呢？
vivid
a. 生动的；鲜艳的
I gave my friends a vivid description of my journey in Tibet with pictures.
我用照片生动地向朋友们描绘了我的西藏之旅。
modify
vt. 修改；修饰
Although it has been greatly modified, the game known in the U.S. as football can be traced directly to the English game of rugby.
虽然做了很大改变，但所谓的美式足球比赛仍可以直接追溯到英国的橄榄球比赛。
acute
a. 严重的；敏锐的；急性的；尖的
Sherlock Holmes was a man of acute observation, and he wouldn't omit any detail.
夏洛克·福尔摩斯是个观察力敏锐的人，他从不会漏掉任何的细节。
recession
n. 衰退，衰退期
Various measures were taken to pull the country out of recession.
已采取各种措施使该国摆脱经济不景气的状况。
slip
vi. 滑；溜走；下降 vt. 悄悄放进 n. 疏漏
The years slipped by.
岁月在不知不觉中消逝。
confine
vt. 限制；使不外出 n. (pl.)界限
Many places are worth visiting within the confines of China, so why bother to rush to foreign countries?
中国境内就有很多地方值得游览，为什么大费周折地出国旅游呢？
limitation
n. 限制；(常pl.)局限
He is a brilliant professor but has his limitations as an administrator.
他是一位出色的教授，但作为管理者他有不足之处。
deceive
vt. 欺骗
Sincerity is the base of friendship. Good friends shouldn't deceive one another.
真诚是友谊的基础。好朋友之间不应互相欺骗。
incident
n. 发生的事；事件
The Xi'an Incident was a very important turning point in China's modern history.
西安事变是中国近代史上的一个很重要的转折点。
suck
v. 吸，吮
Plants suck up moisture from the soil.
植物从土壤中吸取水分。
attribute
vt. （to）把…归因于 n. 属性
Many people's success can be attributed to hard work and a bit of luck.
很多人的成功都可以归于勤奋加上一点儿运气。
strengthen
vt. 加强，巩固
Your words strengthened my heart.
你的话增强了我的信心。
finance
n. 财政；(常pl.)资金 vt. 为…提供资金
Finances can consist of a combination of stocks, bonds, and properties.
资金可以是股票、债券和财产的结合。
subsequent
a. 随后的
Most countries in Europe were in a mess during the period subsequent to World War II.
二战后的一段时期中，欧洲大多数国家陷入了窘境。
discard
vt. 抛弃
Outdated theory should be discarded.
过时的理论应当抛弃掉。
relevant
a. 有关的，切题的
It's said that a person's fate is relevant to his character.
据说人的命运与性格有关。
resistance
n. 反抗；抵抗力；阻力，电阻
The environmentalists put up lots of resistance to fur-clothing companies.
环保人士多次对皮衣公司提出了抗议。
preliminary
a. 初步的 n. (常pl.)初步做法
They were very excited because they had passed the preliminary interview with IBM.
他们很兴奋，因为他们通过了IBM公司的第一轮面试。
assign
vt. 选派；指定；分配
The competent secretary was assigned to take the minutes for the meeting of the board of directors.
这个能干的秘书被选派为董事会议做记录。
indispensable
a. （to, for）必不可少的
Air and water are indispensable to life.
空气和水是生命所必需的东西。
instinct
n. 本能
Struggling for survival is a human instinct.
求生是人类的本能。
historical
a. 历史（上）的
Pocahontas is a real historical American Indian figure, but the Hollywood cartoon movie- Pocahontas has twisted the historical facts about her.
宝嘉康蒂是一个真实的美洲印第安历史人物，但是好莱坞动画电影《风中奇缘》歪曲了有关她的历史事实。
miracle
n. 奇迹
Every time a baby is born, the miracle of life is renewed.
每一次婴儿的诞生就是生命奇迹的重演。
protest
n. 抗议，反对 v. 抗议，反对
There was a large crowd in the square, protesting against the war.
广场上聚集了一大群反对这场战争的人。
smash
vt. 粉碎；猛击；使失败 vi. 粉碎；猛撞 n. 破碎（声）；猛击；轰动的演出，巨大的成功
The Beatles had many smash hits in the 1960s.
甲壳虫乐队在20世纪60年代有很多轰动的演出。
receipt
n. 发票，收据；(pl.)收入；收到
The pop singer got huge cash receipts from his concert.
那个流行歌星从演唱会中获得了巨额的现金收入。
exclaim
v. 呼喊，惊叫
The moment Samaranch announced that the 2008 Olympiad would go to the city of Beijing, all Chinese people exclaimed in delight.
萨马兰奇宣布2008年奥运会将在北京举行的那一刻，所有中国人高兴地欢呼起来。
gross
a. 总的；严重的；粗俗的；臃肿的 vt. 获得…总收入
GDP stands for Gross Domestic Product.
GDP是国内生产总值的缩写。
readily
ad. 乐意地；容易地；很快地
A successful businessman should be able to readily accommodate himself to the changed economic conditions.
一个成功的商人应该能很快地适应变化的经济情况。
drift
vi. 漂流；漂泊 n. 漂流；大意；趋势
deliberate
a. 蓄意的；深思熟虑的 v. 仔细考虑
Was the car crash an accident or a deliberate attempt to kill him?
撞车是意外事故还是有人要蓄意谋杀他？
dominate
vt. 支配；耸立于 vi. 处于支配地位
The team has dominated international football for years.
该球队雄霸国际足坛多年。
compel
vt. 强迫
Because he is unable to distinguish colors, the color-blind boy is compelled to give up the ideal of becoming a fashion designer.
因为无法分辨色彩，那个色盲的男孩不得不放弃成为服装设计师的理想。
complaint
n. 诉苦，抱怨；投诉；疾病
He who makes constant complaints gets little compassion.
(谚)经常诉苦，没人同情。
constitute
vt. 组成；设立，任命
Listening, speaking, reading and writing constitute the fundamental skills in language learning.
听、说、读、写构成语言学习的基本技能。
impose
vt. （on）把…强加于；征（税等）
You can express your opinion, but don't try to impose your ideas on others.
你可以发表意见，但不要试图把自己的想法强加给别人。
initial
a. 开始的 n. (常pl.)（姓名等的）首字母
If your family name is Chen, you had better not choose an English name beginning with the letter W (for example, Winnie), otherwise your initials will be: W.C.!
如果你姓陈，你最好不要选一个以字母W开头的英文名（例如Winnie），否则你的姓名首字母就是：W.C.（厕所）了！
convey
vt. 表达，传递；运送
What information the codes in the big Pyramid convey is still unknown.
大金字塔中的密码到底传递了什么信息仍然不为人知。
decent
a. 体面的；宽厚的；得体的
Most university graduates consider white-collared positions as decent jobs.
绝大多数大学毕业生都认为白领是体面的工作。
objective
n. 目标 a. 客观的
If we could have objective judgment on others, there would be less misunderstanding among people.
如果我们能对别人做客观的评价，彼此之间就会少些误会。
elegant
a. 优美的，讲究的；简练的
Princess Diana's elegant manners are always within the memory of people.
戴安娜王妃优雅的举止总是留在人们的记忆中。
exceed
vt. 超过
Exceeding the speed limit in urban areas will be fined.
在市区内超速驾车会被罚款。
confirm
vt. 证实；确认；批准
The President refused to either confirm or deny this rumor.
总统拒绝证实或否认这种传闻。
enlarge
v. 扩大；放大
In the course of English learning, doing more reading can help to enlarge one's vocabulary.
在英语学习中，多阅读有助于扩大词汇量。
fraction
n. 小部分；分数
Many young people today begin to use their future money instead of a fraction of their earnings.
今天有许多年轻人开始花起他们未来的钱而不是只花自己收入的一小部分。
consideration
n. 考虑；体贴
I leave it entirely to your kind consideration.
这事全拜托你了。
locate
vt. 探明，找出；使坐落于
Most natural ports are located where the shoreline is irregular and the water is deep.
绝大部分的天然港口都位于海岸线不规则而又水深的地方。
harness
n. 马具 vt. 治理；给（马等）上挽具
The farmer harnessed the horse to the cart.
农夫把马套到马车上。
exploit
vt. 剥削；利用，开发 n. (常pl.)业绩
The social freshmen should exploit every opportunity to enrich their experience.
刚踏入社会的人必须利用每一个机会积累经验。
crush
vt. 压碎；镇压
Time will crush all pains.
时间会粉碎所有的痛苦。
preserve
vt. 保护；保存；腌制
You can preserve meat or fish in salt, but I prefer fresh meat to preserved meat.
你可以用盐保存肉或鱼，但我喜欢新鲜肉胜过腌制的肉。
profession
n. 职业；(the ~)同行；公开表示
Teaching is a respectable profession.
教师是令人尊敬的职业。
reinforce
vt. 增强
The evidence reinforces my view that he is lying.
这一迹象更让我认为他在说谎。
resign
vi. 辞职 vt. 辞去，放弃；（to）使顺从
I resigned because of the low salary.
因为工资太低，我辞职了。
survey
n. 调查；测量；全面审视 vt. 调查；测量；全面审视，概括论述
The latest survey shows a majority in support of government policy.
最新的民意调查表明大多数民众支持政府政策。
agenda
n. 议事日程
An agenda would include all major items that need to be discussed at the meeting.
议事日程包括了需要在会议上讨论的所有主要内容。
assistance
n. 援助
To paddle one's own canoe doesn't necessarily mean denying any external assistance.
独立自主并不一定意味着要拒绝一切外来援助。
behave
vi. 表现；运转 vt. （oneself）检点（自己的）行为
Tom behaved awfully during his first date with that beautiful girl.
汤姆和那个漂亮女孩第一次约会时表现得差劲极了。
flexible
a. 易弯曲的；灵活的
As we don't know what the weather will be like, we make flexible plans for our holiday.
因为不知道天气状况如何，我们为假期做了灵活的计划。
competitive
a. 竞争的；好竞争的；有竞争力的
Our offer is competitive and we can't lower the price any more.
我方的报价是有竞争力的，我方不能再降价了。
presumably
ad. 大概
The personnel manager should have arrived. Presumably, the bad weather delayed the flight.
人事经理早该到了，大概恶劣的天气使飞机误点了。
current
a. 当前的；流行的 n. 潮流；电流；趋势
Newspapers influence the current of thought.
报纸影响思想潮流。
conservation
n. 保存，保护
People are more and more aware of the importance of the conservation of wildlife.
人们越来越意识到保护野生生物的重要性。
digest
vt. 消化；吸收 n. 文摘
Reader's Digest is a very popular magazine in the United States.
《读者文摘》是美国的一本颇流行的杂志。
entertainment
n. 娱乐；款待
Some people say that Stephen Chow's movies cannot be regarded as mere entertainment and that in fact they tell the audience much more.
有人说周星驰的电影不能被简单地看成是供娱乐消遣的，实际上它给观众展示更深刻的内容。
inspire
vt. 鼓舞；给…以灵感
The young musician had the example of Beethoven to inspire and guide him.
这位青年音乐家有贝多芬这一榜样激励并指引着他。
comprehension
n. 理解（力）
A large vocabulary will help much when you are doing the reading comprehension.
丰富的词汇量对做阅读理解很有用。
primitive
a. 原始的，早期的；简单的 n. 原（始）人
Small seashells were once used as a primitive form of money.
小贝壳曾经被当作简单的钱币使用。
descend
vi. 下来；（from）起源（于）；（on）袭击；（to）把身份降至 vt. 走下
Buddhism descends from ancient India.
佛教起源于古印度。
prescribe
vt. 开（药）；规定
A holiday is the best cure prescribed for the depression.
度假是开给抑郁症病人的最好药方。