英语六级阅读理解精炼

47. Fans
Baseball and football1 crowds are happiest when they feel that they have become a part of the game that is being played for them. . .. in baseball, sections of the rooters2 set out deliberately to rattle 3 a pitcher with rhythmic or anti-rhythmic hand-clappings, whichever they think will annoy him the most, or by setting up4 a bedlam5 of sound, or by waving somewhat cloudy pocket-handkerchiefs at him. most rooting, as a matter of fact, grows out of the individual spectator’s desire to identify himself with the proceedings on the field, to shake himself free of the anonymity of the crowd and become an active participant in a sport for which nature happens not to have fitted him.
the loveliest girls in the world sit in the football crowds, their fresh faces framed in fur. the toughest babies in town seem to collect6 at the ball games, idle sisters sitting in pairs chewing gum7, fanning8 themselves with their score cards and adding their harsh screams to the hullabaloo9 that accompanies a sharply hit ball or the race between ball and man for the base . the baseball crowd is cosmopolitan10 . it contains representatives from every walk in life and from every profession. it is the most expert gathering in the world, and the most appreciative of skill. the crowd of sixty thousand that sits in the yankee stadium 11 on a sunday afternoon in midsummer, and the world series12 crowd of the same number that watches the inter-league play-off13 in the fall, are as different as black and white14, although both are looking at the same game. world series spectators aren’t regular baseball fans. most of them have never seen a game before. they are drawn by the ballyhoo , the publicity and the higher prices. they sit on their hands15 and refuse to warm up to the rising and falling tides of battle. the bleacher crowd gets a better view of the game than the snootier patrons in the stands and boxes. they see the game the way the players see it.

阅读自测
Ⅰ. in this p assa ge , there a re many te rms a bout spor ts and try to wr ite them down a ccording to th e chinese meanings :
啦啦队队员———
啦啦队队长———
投手———
记分牌———
球场———
球迷———
廉价露天看台———
看台———
包厢———
世界职业棒球锦标赛———
夺标决赛———
Ⅱ. question :
try to say something about fans on the field.

参考答案及讲解

参考答案
Ⅰ. rooter / cheerleader / pitcher score card / field / fan bleacher / stands / box world series / play-off
Ⅱ. in baseball, sections of the rooters set out deliberately to rattle a pitcher with rhythmic or anti-rhythmic hand-clappings, whichever they think will annoy him the most, or by setting up a bedlam of sound, or by waving somewhat cloudy pocket-handkerchiefs at him. but there are also some fans who are only drawn by the ballyhoo, the publicity and the higher prices.

参考译文
只眼看球迷
棒球比赛与橄榄球比赛的观众在感到他们已经成为比赛的组成部分、而且比赛就是为他们 而进行的时候, 他们是最幸福的。在棒球比赛中, 成群的啦啦队员们故意制造出时而有节奏 时而杂乱的拍手声来扰乱投手的注意力。他们或是大声喊叫, 制造一种混乱喧闹的场面, 或是冲 着投手挥动如彩云般的手帕。不管以哪种方式, 只要他们认为能干扰到投手就行。事实上, 大多 数观众是出于一种期望而欢呼喝彩。他们期望能与球场上的比赛融合在一起, 使自己不再是观 众中的一个无名小卒, 而是这场自己生来就无缘参加的运动项目的积极参与者。
世上最秀美动人的女孩坐在了橄榄球观众中间, 她们用绒毛装饰着一张张充满青春活 力的脸。城镇里最强壮的男孩好像也都聚集在棒球赛场上。悠闲的姐妹们成双成对地坐 着, 边嚼口香糖边闲聊着得分情况。伴随着一次快捷的安打或队员的跑垒, 她们在喧闹中 发出刺耳的尖叫声。棒球观众具有世界性, 生活中各行各业里都有其代表。棒球赛则聚集了 世界上最专业的选手和最具欣赏价值的球技。仲夏的一个星期天下午, 60 000 名观众坐 在扬基体育场里观看比赛。秋季, 观看棒球联合会之间进行的夺标决赛的观众人数与观赏 世界职业棒球锦标赛的人数一样多。虽然他们都是在看棒球赛, 那却是两种截然不同的情 形。世界职业棒球锦标赛的观众并不是合格的球迷。他们大多数人以前从没有看过比赛。 他们只不过是被这里的呐喊声、宣传及高价吸引过来。他们反应冷淡, 不愿随比赛的起起 落落而活跃起来。廉价露天看台上观众的视野比正面看台和包厢里高傲自大的赞助商们 的更好, 而且他们是以运动员的眼光来观赛。

阅读导评
俗话说: 会看的看门道, 不会看的看热闹。一场比赛, 有多少人是在“看门道”, 又有多 少人是在“看热闹”呢? 如果只关心比分与输赢而不会欣赏绿荫场上球员们精湛的球技, 以及体验体育运动所迸发出的那种积极向上团结拼搏的精神, 则只能算是“ 伪球迷”。真 正意义上的球与球迷的关系应该是贾平凹所形容的那样:“水里有了鱼水会不腐, 鱼存活于 水中, 但水并不是为鱼而存在的, 鱼也绝不是为了水才活的。”
阅读导释
这里说的football 是指“美式足球”, 即“橄榄球”。棒球和橄榄球都是美国人比较喜 欢的运动。本篇主要讲棒球运动, 文章中很多用词都非常口语化, 而且出现了很多与棒 球有关的词语, 阅读时要多留心, 如rooter, 在美语口语中就是大家通常说的“ 啦啦队员, 捧场者, 热情支持者”。啦啦队队长则是cheerleader。pitcher 是棒球比赛中的“ 投手”。score cards 指“记分卡, 示分牌”, 也指“ ( 参赛队) 运动员的名单卡”。hit 则是指比赛中的 “安打”。运动场的“廉价的露天看台”用bleacher 表示。stand 则指“看台”。