六级写作

Directions For this part, you are allowed 80 minutes to write an essay commenting on Alert Einstein'sremark "I have no special talents. I am only passionately curious. " You can give an example or two toillustrate your point of view. You should write at least 15 words but no more than 200 words.

听力选择题
　　Section A
　　Directions: In this section, you will hear 8 short conversations and 2 long conversations. At the end of each conversation, one or more questions will be asked about what was said. BOth the conversation and the questions will be spoken only once. After each question there will be a pause. During the pause , you must read the four choices marked A ), B., C. and D., and decide which is the best answer. Then mark the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet with a single line through the centre.

1. A. The woman thinks she is cleverer than the man.
B. The man behaves as if he were a thorough fool.
C. The man is unhappy with the woman's remark.
D. The woman seldom speaks highly of herself.
2. A. Three crew members were involved in the incident.
B. None of the hijackers carried any deadly weapons.
C. None of the passengers were injured or killed.
D. The plane had been scheduled to fly to Japan.
3. A. At a travel agency.
B. At a hotel front desk.
C. At a checkout counter.
D. At a commercial bank.
4. A. Chinatown has got the best restaurants in the city.
B. The critic thought highly of the Chinese restaurant.
C. The restaurant places many ads in popular magazines.
D. The restaurant was not up to the speakers' expectations.
5. A. ProL Laurence is going into an active retirement.
B. ProL Laurence has stopped conducting seminars.
C. The professor's graduate seminar is well received.
D. The professor will lead a quiet life after retirement.
6. A. signing Leon to a new position.
B. Finding a replacement for Leon.
C. Aranging for Rodney's visit tomorrow.
D. Finding a solution to Rodney's problem.
7. A. Photography is one of Helen's many hobbies.
B. Helen asked the man to book a ticket for her.
C. The photography exhibition will close tomorrow.
D. Helen has been looking forward to the exhibition.
8. A. The speakers share the same opinion.
B. Steve knows how to motivate employees.
C. The man has a better understanding of Steve.
D. The woman is out of touch with the real world.

Questions 9 to 12 are based on the conversation you have just heard.
9. A. It is well paid.
B. It is stimulating.
C. It is demanding.
D. It is fairly secure.
10. A. A quick promotion.
B. Free accommodation.
C. Moving expenses.
D. A lighter workload.
11. A. He has difficulty communicating with local people.
B. He has to spend a lot more traveling back and forth.
C. He has trouble adapting to the local weather.
D. He has to sign a long-term contract.
12. A. The woman will help the man make a choice.
B. The man is going to attend a job interview.
C. The man is in the process of job hunting.
D. The woman sympathizes with the man.

Questions 13 to 15 are based on the conversation you have just heard.
13. A. To inquire about the interest rates at the woman's bank.
B. To inquire about the current financial market situation.
C. To see if he can find a job in the woman's company.
D. To see if he can get a loan from the woman's bank.
14. A. Long-term investment.
B. A three-month deposit.
C. Any high-interest deposit.
D. Any high-yield investment.
15. A. She treated him to a meal.
B. She gave him loans at low rates.
C. She offered him dining coupons.
D. She raised interest rates for him.

Section B
　　Directions: In this section, you will hear3 short passages. At the end of eachpassage, you will hear some questions. Both the passage and the questions will be spoken only once. After you hear a question, you must choose the best answer from the four choices marked A ), B ), C ) and D ). Then mark the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 1 with a single line through the centre.

Passage One
Questions 16 to 18 are bused on the passage you have just heard.
16. A. Strict professional training.
B. Years of practical experience.
C. A refined taste for artistic works.
D. The ability to predict fashion trends.
17. A. Purchasing handicrafts from all over the world.
B. Conducting trade in art works with dealers overseas.
C. Strengthening cooperation with foreign governments.
D. Promoting all kinds of American hand-made specialties.
18. A. She has access to fashionable things.
B. She can enjoy life on a modest salary.
C. She is doing what she enjoys doing.
D. She is free to do whatever she wants.

Passage Two
Questions 19 to 22 are based on the passage you have just heard.
19. A. It is a Portuguese company selling coffee in New York.
B. Its most important task is to conduct coffee studies.
C. It represents several countries that export coffee.
D. Its role is to regulate international coffee prices.
20. A. The freezing weather in Brazil.
B. The impact of global warming.
C. The increased coffee consumption.
D. The fluctuation of coffee prices.
21. A. He is doing a bachelor's degree.
B. He is young, handsome and single.
C. He is a heavy coffee drinker.
D. He is tall, rich and intellieent.
22. A. A visit to several coffee-growing plantations.
B. Coffee prices and his advertising campaign.
C. A vacation on some beautiful tropical beach.
D. A quick promotion and a handsome income.

Passage Three
Questions 23 to 25 are based on the passage you have just heard.
23. A. They were held up in a traffic jam.
B. They boarded a wrong coach in a hurry.
C. They were late for the first morning bus.
D. They were delayed by the train for hours.
24. A. It was canceled because of an unexpected strike.
B. It was the most exciting trip they ever had.
C. It was spoiled by poor accommodations.
D. It was postponed due to terrible weather.
25. A. Go overseas.
B. Stay at home.
C. Take romantic cruises.
D. Take escorted trips.

听力填空题
Section C
　　Directions: In this section, you will hear a passage three times. When the passage is read for the first time, you should listen carefully for its general idea. When the passage is read for the second time, you are required to fill in the blanks with the exact words you have just heard. Finally, when the passage is read for the third time, you should check what you have written.
　　注意：此部分试题请在答题卡1上作答。
Why would an animal kill itself? It seems a strange question, and yet it is one that has（26）some people for a long time. The lemming (旅鼠) is one such animal. Lemmings periodically commit mass（27）, and no one knows just why!
The small（28）, which inhabit the Scandinavian mountains, sustain themselves on a diet of roots and live in nests they make underground. When their food supply is（29） large, the lemmings live a normal, undisturbed life.
However, when the lemmings' food supply becomes too low to support the population, a singular（30） commences. The lemmings leave their nests all together at the same time, forming huge crowds. Great numbers of the lemmings begin a long and hard journey across the Scandinavian plains, zjourney that may last weeks. The lemmings eat everything in their path, continuing their（31）march until they reach the sea.
The reason for what follows remains a mystery for zoologists and naturalists. Upon reaching the coast, the lemmings do not stop but swim by the thousands into the surf. Most （32）only a short time before they tire, sink, and drown.
A common theory for this unusual phenomenon is that the lemmings do not realize that the ocean is such（33）water. In their cross-country journey, the animals must traverse many smaller bodies of water, such as rivers and small lakes. They may （34） that the sea is just another such swimmable（35）. But no final answer has been found to the mystery.

Section A选词填空
　　Section A
　　Directions: In this section, there is a passage with ten blanks. You are required to select one word for each blank from a list of choices given in a word bank following the passage. Read the passage through carefully before making your choices. Each choice in the bank is identified by a letter. Please mark the corresponding letter for each item on Answer Sheet 2 with a single line through the centre. You may not use any of the words in the bank more than once.

　　Questions 36 to 45 are based on the following passage.
"That which does not kill us makes us stronger." But parents can't handle it when teenagers put this（36） into practice. Now technology has become the new field for the age-old battle between adults
en adults and their freedom-seeking kids.
Locked indoors, unable to get on their bicycles and hang out with their friends, teens have turned to social media and their mobile phones to socialize with their peers. What they do online often（37）what they might otherwise do if their mobility weren't so heavily .（38）in the age of helicopter parenting. Social media and smart-phone apps have become so popular in recent years because teens need a place to call their own. They want the freedom to（39 ） their identity and the world around them.
Instead of（40 ）out, they jump online.
As teens have moved online, parents have projected their fears onto the Internet, imagining all the（41）dangers that youth might face--from （42）strangers to cruel peers to pictures or words that could haunt them on Google for the rest of their lives.
Rather than helping teens develop strategies for negotiating public life and the risks of（43 ）with others, fearful parents have focused on tracking, monitoring and blocking. These tactics (策略) don't help teens develop the skills they need to manage complex social situations,（44） risks and get help when they're in trouble. "Protecting" kids may feel like the right thing to do, but it（45） the learning that teens need to do as they come of age in a technology-soaked world.

A. assess
B.constrained
C.contains
D.explore
E.influence
F.interacting
G.interpretation
H.magnified
I. mirrors
J.philosophy
K.potential
L.sneaking
M.sticking
N. undermines
O. violent
Section B段落匹配
　　Section B
　　Directions: In this section, you are going to read a passage with ten statements attached to it. Each statement contains information given in one of the paragraphs. Identify the paragraph from which the information is derived. You may choose a paragraph more than once. Each paragraph is marked with a letter. Answer the questions by marking the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 2.

　　Inequality Is Not Inevitable
　　 A) A dangerous trend has developed over this past third of a century. A country that experienced shared growth after World War Ⅱ began to tear apart, so much so that when the Great Recession hit in late 2007, one could no longer ignore the division that had come to define the American economic landscape. How did this "shining city on a hill" become the advanced country with the greatest level of inequality?
　　B) Over the past year and a half, The Great Divide, a series in The New York Times, has presented a wide range of examples that undermine the notion that there are any truly fundamental laws of capitalism. The dynamics of the imperial capitalism of the 19th century needn't apply in the democracies of the 21st. We don't need to have this much inequality in America.
　　C) Our current brand of capitalism is a fake capitalism. For proof of this go back to our response to the Great Recession, where we socialized losses, even as we privatized gains. Perfect competition should drive profits to zero, at least theoretically, but we have monopolies making persistently high profits. C. E. O. s enjoy incomes that are on average 295 times that of the typical worker, amuch higher ratio han in the past, without any evidence of a proportionate increase in productivity.
　　D)If it is not the cruel laws of economics that have led to America's great divide, what is it? The straightforward answer., our policies and our politics. People get tired of hearing about Scandinavian success stories, but the fact of the matter is that Sweden, Finland and Norway have all succeeded in having about as much or faster growth in per capita (人均的 ) incomes than the United States and with far greater equality.
　　E) So why has America chosen these inequality-enhancing policies? Part of the answer is that as World War Ⅱ faded into memory, so too did the solidarity it had created. As America triumphed in the Cold War, there didn't seem to be a real competitor to our economic model. Without this internat~ competition, we no longer had to show that our system could deliver for most of our citizens.
　　F) Ideology and interests combined viciously. Some drew the wrong lesson from the collapse of the Soviet system in 1991. The pendulum swung from much too much government there to much too little here. Corporate interests argued for getting rid of regulations, even when those regulations had done so much to protect and improve our environment, our safety, our health and the economy itself.
　　G) But this ideology was hypocritical (虚伪的). The bankers, among the strongest advocates of laissez- faire (自由放任的 ) economics, were only too willing to accept hundreds of billions of dollars from the government in the aid programs that have been a recurring feature of the global economy since the beginning of the Thatcher-Reagan era of "free" markets and deregulation.
　　H) The American political system is overrun by money. Economic inequality translates into political inequality, and political inequality yields increasing economic inequality. So corporate welfare increases as we reduce welfare for the poor. Congress maintains subsidies for rich farmers as we cut back on nutritional support for the needy. Drug companies have been given hundreds of billions of dollars as we limit Medicaid benefits. The banks that brought on the global financial crisis got billions while a tiny bit went to the homeowners and victims of the same banks' predatory (掠夺性的) lending practices. This last decision was particularly foolish. There were alternatives to throwing money at the banks and hoping it would circulate through increased lending.
　　I) Our divisions are deep. Economic and geographic segregation has immunized those at the top from the problems of those down below. Like the kings of ancient times, they have come to perceive their privileged positions essentially as a natural right.
　　J) Our economy, our democracy and our society have paid for these gross inequalities. The true test of an economy is not how much wealth its princes can accumulate in tax havens (庇护所), but how well off the typical citizen is. But average incomes are lower than they were a quarter-century ago. Growth has gone to the very, very top, whose share has almost increased four times since 1980. Money that was meant to have trickled (流淌) down has instead evaporated in the agreeable climate of the Cayman Islands.
　　K) With almost a quarter of American children younger than 5 living in poverty, and with America doing so little for its poor, the deprivations of one generation are being visited upon the next. Of course, no country has ever come close to providing complete equality of opportunity. But why is America one of the advanced countries where the life prospects of the young are most sharply determined by the income and education of their parents?
　　L) Among the most bitter stories in The Great Divide were those that portrayed the frustrations of the young, who long to enter our shrinking middle class. Soaring tuitions and declining incomes have resulted in larger debt burdens. Those with only a high school diploma have seen their incomes decline by 13 percent over the past 35 years.
　　M) Where justice is concerned, there is also a huge divide. In the eyes of the rest of the world and a significant part of its own population, mass imprisonment has come to define America--a country, it bears repeating, with about 5 percent of the world's population but around a fourth of the world's prisoners.
　　N) Justice has becom~ a commodity, affordable to only a few. While Wall Street executives used their expensive lawyers to ensure that their ranks were not held accountable for the misdeeds that the crisis in 2008 so graphically revealed, the banks abused our legal system to foreclose (取消赎回权) on mortgages and eject tenants, some of whom did not even owe money.
　　O) More than a half-century ago, America led the way in advocating for the Universal Declaration of Human Rights, adopted by the United Nations in 1948. Today, access to health care is among the most universally accepted rights, at least in the advanced countries. America, despite the implementation of the Affordable Care Act, is the exception. In the relief that many felt when the Supreme Court did not overturn the Affordable Care Act, the implications of the decision for Medicaid were not fully appreciated. Obamacare's objective--to ensure that all Americans have access to health care--has been blocked: 24 states have not implemented the expanded Medicaid program, which was the means by which Obamacare was supposed to deliver on its promise to some of the poorest.
　　P) We need not just a new war on poverty but a war to protect the middle class. Solutions to these problems do not have to be novel. Far from it. Making markets act like markets would be a good place to start. We must end the rent-seeking society we have gravitated toward, in which the wealthy obtain profits by manipulating the system.
　　Q) The problem of inequality is not so much a matter of technical economics. It's really a problem of practical politics. Inequality is not just about the top marginal tax rate but also about our children's access to food and the right to justice for all. If we spent more on education, health and infrastructure (基础设施), we would strengthen our economy, now and in the future.

46.In theory, free competition is supposed to reduce the margin of profits to the minimum.
47.The United States is now characterized by a great division between the rich and the poor.
48. America lacked the incentive to care for the majority of its citizens as it found no rival for its economic model.
49. The wealthy top have come to take privileges for granted.
50. Many examples show the basic laws of imperial capitalism no longer apply in present-day America.
51. The author suggests a return to the true spirit of the market.
52. A quarter of the world's prisoner population is in America.
53. Government regulation in America went from one extreme to the other in the past two decades.
54. Justice has become so expensive that only a small number of people like corporate executives can afford it.
55. No country in the world so far has been able to provide completely equal opportunities for all.
Section C仔细阅读
　　Section C
　　Directions: There are 2 passages in this section. Each passage is followed by some questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A. , B. , C. and D.. You should decide on the best choice and mark the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 2 with a single line through the centre.

　　Passage One
　　Questions 56 to 60 are based on the following passage.
I'll admit I've never quite understood the obsession (难以破除的成见 ) surrounding genetically modified (GM) crops. To environmentalist opponents, GM foods are simply evil, an understudied. possibly harmful tool used by big agricultural businesses to control global seed markets and crush local farmers. They argue that GM foods have never delivered on their supposed promise, that money spent on GM crops would be better channeled to organic farming and that consumers should be protected with warning labels on any products that contain genetically modified ingredients. To supporters, GM crops are a key part of the effort to sustainably provide food to meet a growing global population. But more than that, supporters see the GM opposition of many environmentalists as fundamentally anti-science, no different than those who question the basics of man-made climate change.
For both sides, GM foods seem to act as a symbol: you're pro-agricultural business or anti-science. But science is exactly what we need more of when it comes to GM foods, which is why I was happy to see Nature devote a special series of articles to the GM food controversy. The conclusion: while GM crops haven't yet realized their initial promise and have been dominated by agricultural businesses, there is reason to continue to use and develop them to help meet the enormous challenge of Sustainably feeding a growing planet.
That doesn't mean GM crops are perfect, or a one-size-fits-all solution to global agriculture problems. But anything that can increase farming efficiency--the amount of crops we can produce per acre of land-- will be extremely useful. GM crops can and almost certainly will be part of that suite of tools, but so will traditional plant breeding, improved soil and crop management--and perhaps most important of all, better storage and transport infrastructure (基础设施), especially in the developing world. (It doesn't do much good for farmers in places like sub-Saharan Africa to produce more food if they can't get it to hungry consumers. ) I'd like to see more non-industry research done on GM crops--not just because we'd worry
less about bias, but also because seed companies like Monsanto and Pioneer shouldn't be the only entities working to harness genetic modification. I'd like to see GM research on less commercial crops, like corn. I don't think it's vital to label GM ingredients in food, but I also wouldn't be against it--and industry would be smart to go along with labeling, just as a way of removing fears about the technology.
　　Most of all, though, I wish a tenth of the energy that's spent endlessly debating GM crops was focused
on those more pressing challenges for global agriculture. There are much bigger battles to fight.

56. How do environmentalist opponents view GM foods according to the passage?
A. They will eventually ruin agriculture and the environment.
B. They are used by big businesses to monopolize agriculture.
C. They have proved potentially harmful to consumers' health.
D. They pose a tremendous threat to current farming practice.
57. What does the author say is vital to solving the controversy between the two sides of the debate?
A. Breaking the GM food monopoly.
B. More friendly exchange of ideas.
C. Regulating GM food production.
D. More scientific research on GM crops.
58. What is the main point of the Nature articles?
A. Feeding the growing population makes it imperative to develop GM crops.
B. Popularizing GM technology will help it to live up to its initial promises.
C. Measures should be taken to ensure the safety of GM foods.
D. Both supporters and opponents should make compromises.
59. What is the author's view on the solution to agricultural problems?
A. It has to depend more and more on GM technology.
B. It is vital to the sustainable development of human society.
C. GM crops should be allowed until better alternatives are found.
D. Whatever is useful to boost farming efficiency should be encouraged.
60.What does the author think of the ongoing debate around GM crops?
A. It arises out of ignorance of and prejudice against new science.
B. It distracts the public attention from other key issues of the world.
C. Efforts spent on it should be turned to more urgent issues of agriculture.
D. Neither side is likely to give in until more convincing evidence is found.

　　Passage Two
　　Questions 61 to 65 are based on the following passage.
　　Early decision--you apply to one school, and admission is binding--seems like a great choice for nervous applicants. Schools let in a higher percentage of early-decision applicants, which arguably means that you have a better chance of getting in. And if you do, you're done with the whole agonizing process by December. But what most students and parents don't realize is that schools have hidden motives for offering early decision.
　　Early decision, since it's binding, allows schools to fill their classes with qualified students; it allows admissions committees to select the students that are in particular demand for their college and know those students will come. It also gives schools a higher yield rate, which is often used as one of the ways to measure college selectivity and popularity.
The problem is that this process effectively shortens the window of time students have to make one of the most important decisions of their lives up to that point. Under regular admissions, seniors have until May 1 to choose which school to attend; early decision effectively steals six months from them, months that could be used to visit more schools, do more research, speak to current students and alumni (校友) and arguably make a more informed decision.
There are, frankly, an astonishing number of exceptional colleges in America, and for any given student, there are a number of schools that are a great fit. When students become too fixated (专注) on a particular school early in the admissions process, that fixation can lead to severe disappointment if they don't get in or, if they do, the possibility that they are now bound to go to a school that, given time forfarther reflection, may not actually be right for them.
Insofar as early decision offers a genuine admissions edge, that advantage goes largely to students who already have numerous advantages. The students who use early decision tend to be those who have received higher-quality college guidance, usually a result of coming from a more privileged background. In this regard, there's an argument against early decision, as students from lower-income families are far less likely to have the admissions know-how to navigate the often confusing early deadlines.
Students who have done their research and are confident that there's one school they would be thrilled to get into should, under the current system, probably apply under early decision. But for students who haven't yet done enough research, or who are still constantly changing their minds on favorite schools, the early-decision system needlessly and prematurely narrows the field of possibility just at a time when students should be opening themselves to a whole range of thrilling options.

61. What are students obliged to do under early decision?
A. Look into a lot of schools before they apply.
B. Attend the school once they are admitted.
C. Think twice before they accept the offer.
D. Consult the current students and alumni.
62. Why do schools offer early decision?
A. To make sure they get qualified students.
B. To avoid competition with other colleges.
C. To provide more opportunities for applicants.
D. To save students the agony of choosing a school.
63. What is said to be the problem with early decision for students?
A. It makes their application process more complicated.
B. It places too high a demand on their research ability.
C. It allows them little time to make informed decisions.
D. It exerts much more psychological pressure on them.
64. Why are some people opposed to early decision?
A. It interferes with students' learning in high school.
B. It is biased against students at ordinary high schools.
C. It causes unnecessary confusion among college applicants.
D. It places students from lower-income families at a disadvantage.
65. What does the author advise college applicants to do?
A. Refrain from competing with students from privileged families.
B. Avoid choosing early decision unless they are fully prepared.
C. Find sufficient information about their favorite schools.
D. Look beyond the few supposedly thrilling options.

翻译
　　Directions: For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to translate a passage from Chinese into English. You should write your answer on Answer Sheet 2.
　　2011年是中国城市化(urbanization)进程中的历史性时刻，其城市人口首次超过农村人口。在未来20年里，预计约有3．5亿农村人口将移居到城市。如此规模的城市发展对城市交通来说既是挑战，也是机遇。中国政府一直提倡“以人为本’’的发展理念，强调人们以公交而不是私V--$-出行。它还号召建设“资源节约和环境友好型”社会。有了这个明确的目标，中国城市就可以更好地规划其发展，并把大量投资转向安全、清洁和经济型交通系统的发展上。

答案解析
　　Section A 参考答案
　　1.C)【精析】语义理解题。女士认为智者美不外现，而愚蠢的人才四处炫耀，言语中暗示男士属于后者。男士回答“你是说我往自己脸上贴金。这样的话，我就是十足的傻瓜‘。”从男士的语气上可以听出他的不悦，男士说的是反语。
　　2. C)【精析】综合理解题。女士问男士报纸上是怎样报 道飞往香港的870次航班上的可怕事件的，男士说一共抓捕了三个劫机犯，他们试图迫使飞机飞往日本，不过最后乘客和机组人员都安全着陆。由此可知，乘客没有受到伤害。
　　3. D)【精析】场景推断题。男士要将支票账户的钱转存到存款账户，女士是银行职员，索要男士的账号和身份证件，因此对话最有可能发生在银行。
　　4. D)【精析】综合理解题。对话中女士说她再也不会相 信那本杂志里的餐馆评论员了，这家餐馆的食物根 本比不上他们在唐人街吃到的食物，而男士对此表 示赞同．并说根本就不值得排队等候。由此可见这家餐馆没有达到讲话者的期望。B)选项的干　　扰性较大．但是对话中并没有直接指出评论员高度评价这家中餐馆．因此排除．
　　5. A)【精析】推理判断题。女士表示她无法相信Laurence教授要退休了，男士表示Laurence教授 退休以后每个学期还会组织一个研究生研讨会，也 就是说退休后仍积极参加学术活动。
　　6. B)【精析】事实细节题。本题询问女士想和男士讨论 的内容，对话中女士明确表示她想与男士讨论找人 顶替Leon的职位，关于Rodney的内容都是干扰 选项。
　　7. D【精析】综台理解题。女士指出Helen为了看摄影展都不来上班了．男士听到这个消息才知道Helen 已经买到票了。看来Helen一直都在期待着能够买到票去看展览。
　　8. A)【精析】语义理解题。女士表示Steve列出的员工 激励措施脱离实际，男士表示“你抢了我的台词”， 即他们想到一块儿去了。

　　9. B)【精析】细节辨认题。对话中男士指出在美国的工作 工资低，但是这份工作很有新意，而且有一些优点。hat benefit will the man get if he took the post ~ i~ S~o Paulo?细节辨认题：对话中男士指出选择圣保罗的工作可以为他带来升职：安家费和免费住宿是葡萄牙工作的好处，属于干扰选项。
　　11. D)【精析】细节推断题。对话中男士指出在巴西工作需要签5年的合约，离家太远，一旦家里有事发生，无法兼顾。
　　12. C)【精析】推理判断题。对话结尾女士表示她理解男士很难选择，男士却回答，幸运的是，他不需要做出决定，因为他还没有被叫去面试。由此推测，男士现在在找工作的过程当中。

　　13. A)【精析】目的原因题。对话中男士想办理一个利率 最高的短期存款，因此打电话向银行询问。
　　14. B)【精析】细节辨认题。对话中女士男士介绍了不同的理财产品，男士表示他对长期投资不感兴趣，想选择类似三个月的短期存款。
　　15. C)【精析】细节推断题。对话结尾，在男士说出了 N0，thank you之后，女士为了说服男士在银行存款，表示可以提供给他当地一流餐厅的优惠券。

　　Section B 参考答案
　　16. D)【精析】细节辨认题。短文开头提到，Karen Smith 是一位百货公司的采购员，作为优秀的采购人员，不仅要了解当时的时尚，还要能够预测将来的时尚趋势：
　　17. A)【精析】细节辨认题。短文中提到．Karen Smith1的工作是到世界各地去购买手工艺品。
　　18. C)【精析】目的原因题。短文中明确提到Karen觉得她已经找到了最好的工作，因为她喜欢去世界各地出差，她可以借出差的机会去市场和那些人们不常去的小地方。

　　19. C)【精析】推理判断题。短文开头提到，Vaukin在一家国际性的咖啡机构工作，这一机构代表着巴西以及其他一些出口咖啡的国家。
　　20. A)【精析】细节推断题．短文中提到巴西遭遇了严寒 天气．使得大片咖啡树受损．因此全世界出现了咖啡短缺的情况。
　　21. B)【精析】细节辨认题。短文中提到，Vaukin是个27岁的年轻小伙子，长得不错，而且单身。
　　22. B)【精析】细节辨认题。短文结尾处提到，Vaukin 最近满脑子都是咖啡价格和咖啡推广活动的事情。

　　23. D)【精析】目的原因题。短文中提到，在去年的旅行中，由于男士和妻子乘坐的长途火车晚点，导致他们没有赶上游船之旅。
　　24. A)【精析】细节辨认题。短文中提到，夫妻二人今年的旅行依然没有如愿，因为他们所乘坐班机的航空公司罢工。
　　25. B)【精析】推理判断题。短文中提到鉴于以往的失败 旅游经历，讲话者只想待在家里过假期。

　　Section C　参考答案
　　26．puzzled 【精析】句意推断题。此空后面是名词some people，前面是has，因此has应该是助动词，此空需要填入一个动词(词组)的过去分词，与has构成现在完成时。 结合录音填入puzzled，意为“使……迷惑”。
　　27．suicide【精析】固定搭配题。此空前面有commit一词 而前文中提到动物的自杀行为，故联想到固定搭 配commit suicide，为“自杀”之意。结合录音填入 suicide。
　　28．creatures【精析】修饰关系题。此空前面的The small是 “定冠词+形容词”的形式，因此空格处要填入一个名词作句子的主语；主语后面接定语从句，从旬 中的动词inhabit没有使用第三人称单数形式，因此确定这个名词主语是复数。结合录音填人 creatures，意为“生物”。
　　29．sufficiently【精析】修饰关系题。此空位于系动词is之后，形 容词large之前，故应填人副词用来修饰后面的形 容词。结合录音填入sufficiently，意为“足够地”。
　　30．migration【精析】句意推断题。此空的前面是“冠词+形容 词”的形式，因此空格处需要填入一个名词；后面 是第三人称单数形式的动词commences，“开始” 之意，进而确定此空的名词为单数。结合录音填 入migration，意为“迁徙”。
　　31．destructive【精析】修饰关系题。此空与前面的their和后面 的march一起作continuin9的宾语，march此处 是名词，为“行军，前进”之意；此空与their共同作 march的定语，故猜测应该填入一个形容词。结 合录音填入destructive，意为“毁灭性的”。
　　32 float Oil water【精析】语义推断题：此空前面是Most，后面没有 动词．而是直接出现了名词a short time，由此确定 ．Most为名词．指。大部分旅鼠”，作句子的主语，空 格处赠填入谓语部分。结合录音填入float Oil ’vater．意为。在水上漂浮”。
　　33．a huge body of【精析】修饰关系题。此空前面是such，后面是不 可数名词water，故猜测此空可以填入形容词来修 饰water。此处答案并不是单个的形容词，而是一 个量词词组，结合录音填入a huge body of water，意为“大面积的水域”。
　　34．assulne【精析】句意推断题。此空位于情态动词may之 后，故应填人动词(词组)原形。结合录音填入 assume意为“假定，认为”。
　　35．obstacle【精析】句意推断题。此空的前面为another such swimmable，“另一个能够游泳的”，说明此空需要 填入一个名词，而且是单数名词。结合录音填入 obstacle，意为“障碍(物)”。

　　36．【考点】名词辨析题。J)【语法判断】空格位于代词this之后．据此推断可 以填入名词．作put的宾语．构成put．．．into practice的结构：【语义判断】第一句。那些没有击垮我们的东西会 使我们更加强大”是一句俗语．表达了一种人生哲 学=备选名词中．符合句意的只有philosoph}。人生哲学”：
　　37．【考点】动词辨析题：c)【语法判断】空格前是What引导的主语从句．空格后是what引导的宾语从句．据此推断空格处 应填入动词第三人称单数作主句的谓语：【语义判断】选项中．符合要求的动词有contains． mirrors和undermines：空格前面部分句意是。他 们的网络行为”，后面部分大意是。他们的行动自由不时自己会做的那些事”．放推断空格 所填词的意思应该是“包括”，故答案为contains。
　　38．【考点】动词辨析题。B)【语法判断】空格在if引导的条件状语从句中．该从句的主语为mobility“移动性”．空格位于 weren’t之后，据此推断可填入过去分词，构成被动语态。【语义判断】结合段首的“青少年被锁在房间里”可知，青少年的移动性受到家长的限制，故答案为constrained“限制”。
　　39．【考点】动词辨析题。D)【语法判断】空格位于to之后，此处应填入动词原形，构成动词不定式结构，整个不定式结构后置修 饰名词freedom。【语义判断】选项中动词原形有assess和explore，又由于本句出现了identity“特性，身份”，由此可知，此句含义应为“青少年需要自由来探索自我和 身边的世界”，故答案为explore“探究”。
　　40．【考点】动词辨析题。L)【语法判断】空格位于Instead of之后，据此推断 可以填入动名词。【语义判断】空格后有out，所以所填的词应该可 以和0ut搭配。选项中符合要求的有stickin9和sneakin9。sticking out表示“坚持”，意思与原文不符．故排除。sneaking out“溜走，偷跑”，符合句意．故答案为sneakin9。
　　41．【考点】形容词辨析题。K)【语法判断】空格位于定冠词the和名词dangers之间．据此推断可填入形容词。【语义判断】由本句中的“残忍的同龄人”和“谷歌上将会萦绕家长们下半生的那些图片和文字”可知，这些危险应该是“潜在的”危险，故答案为 potential。
　　42．【考点】形容词辨析题。O)【语法判断】该空格位于strangers之前，据此推断可填入形容词。【语义判断】结合所有备选形容词词义可知，答案为violent。暴力的”：
　　43．【考点】动词辨析题：F)【语法判断】该空格位于介词of之后，据此推断可填入名词或动名词．【语义判断】空格后为介词with，由此可知若填入动名词．此动名词壹与with构成固定搭配，故答 案为interactin9。交往”：
　　44．【考点】动词辨析题：A)【语法判断】该空格位于名词risks之前．处于动词不 定式的大结构之中．据此推断此处应填入动词原形。【语义判断】备选项中的动词原形有assess，explore和influence．可与risks搭配并符合文意的只有aSSess．故答案为assess”评定．评价”：
　　45．【考点】动词辨析题：N)【语法判断】该空格位于it与the learning that之间，据此推断应填入动词作谓语，而且应该是动词的第三人称单数形式。【语义判断】选项中符合要求的只有undermines，填入空格符合句意，故答案为undermines“逐渐削弱”。

　　46．【定位】由题干中的competition和profits定位到 C)段第三句。
　　C)【精析】同义转述题。定位句指出，最好的竞争应 该是使利润趋于零，至少理论上是这样。题干中的to the minimum是对定位句中的zer0的同义 转述，In theory是对定位旬中的theoretically的 同义转述，故答案为C)。
　　47．【定位】由题干中的a great division定位到A)段第二句。
　　A)【精析】细节推断题。定位句提到，2007年底，当美国出现经济大萧条时，人们再也无法忽视可以用来说明美国经济状况的分化。题于中的is now characterized by是对定位句中的come to define 的同义转述，故答案为A)。
　　48．【定位】由题干中的the majority of its citizens和 economic model定位到E)段第三、四句。
　　E)【精析】同义转述题。定位句提到，由于美国在冷战中大胜，似乎其经济体制已没有真正的竞争对手。没有了这种国际竞争，就没有必要证明美国 的体制能够为大多数公民带来利益。题干中的the majority of its citizens是对定位句中的most of ollr citizens的同义转述，题干中的rival是对定位句中的a real competitor的同义转述，故答案为E)。
　　49．【定位】由题干中的top和privileges定位到I)段第二、三句。
　　I)【精析】细节归纳题。定位句提到，经济和地理分 隔使得上层人群免受底层人群问题的困扰，正如古代的国王，他们认为自己的优越地位是一种与生俱来的权利。由此可知，上层的富人视其特权为理所当然。题干中的take…for granted是对定位句中的perceive．as a natural right的同义转述，故答案为I)。
　　50．【定位】由题干中的examples和imperial capitalism定位到B)段第一、二句。
　　B)【精析】同义转述题。定位句提到，在过去一年半的时间里，《纽约时报》中的“大鸿沟”系列报道为我们提供了很多削弱一个观点的事例，这个观点是：美国有真正意义上的资本主义的基本法律。19世纪帝国资本主义的动态不再适用于21世纪的民主国家。题干中的Many examples是对定位句中的a wide range of examples的同义转述，basic laws是对定位句中的fundamental laws的 同义转述，故答案为B)。
　　51．【定位】由题干中的author和true spirit of the market定位到P)段第二至四句。
　　P)【精析】细节归纳题。定位句提到，这些问题的解 决方法并不需要多么新颖，恰恰相反，让市场像正常市场那样运作就是个好起点。题于是对定位句的概括，故答案为P)。
　　52．【定位】由题干中的A quarter of和prisoner population定位到M)段末句。
　　M)【精析】同义转述题。定位句提到，如果算上重复入狱的人数，那么这个人口仅为世界人口5％的国家的入狱人数达到了全世界入狱人数的四分之一。题干中的A quarter of是对定位句中的a fourth of的同义转述，故答案为M)。
　　53．【定位】由题干中的Government regulation定位到F)段第三句。
　　F)【精析】细节推断题。定位句中将政府的干预模式比喻为钟摆，明确指出政府干预经济的力度从太大转变为太小。题于中的from one extreme to the other指的就是定位句中的from much too much government there to much too little here，故答案为F)。
　　54．【定位】由题干中的Justice，expensive和afford 定位到N)段首句。
　　N)【精析】同义转述题。定位句提到，公平已经变成了一种商品，但只有少数人才买得起。接着第二 句具体说明这种情况。题干中的a small number of people是对定位句中的a few的同义转述，故答案为N)。
　　55．【定位】由题干中的No country，provide和conapletely equal opportunities定位到K)段第二句。
　　K)【精析】同义转述题。定位句提到，没有任何一个国家能够达到提供完全平等的机会的目标。题中的completely equal opportunities对应原文中的 complete equality of opportunity，故答案为K)。

　　56．【定位】由题干中的environmentalist opponents 定位到首段第二句。
　　B)【精析】推理判断题。定位句指出，奉行环境保护主义的反对者们反对转基因食品是因为转基因食品邪恶、没有经过充分研究并可能成为大型农业公司控制全球种子市场和压榨当地农民的工具。由此可见，B)的意思符合文意，即转基因食品是一种被大型农业公司用以垄断的 工具。
　　57．【定位】由题干中的controversy和two sides定位 到第二段第一、二旬。
　　D)【精析】细节辨认题。首句就提到了题干中的two sides，表明对双方而言，转基因食品是一个标志你是亲农业还是反科学。第二句中But science is exactly what we need more of when it comes to GMfoods接着指出，当涉及转基因食品时，我们更需要的是科学，故答案为D)。
　　58．【定位】由题干中的Nature定位到第二段第二、三句。
　　A)【精析】推理判断题。题干问题为：《自然》杂志上的系列报道的主要观点是什么?该题的答案在定位句之后的句子中：The conclusion：…there is reason to continue to use and develop them tohelp meet the enormous challenge of sustainably feeding a growing planet．该句指出，作者看到《自然》杂志中有关转基因食品争议的报道，其结论是我们有理由继续使用和研发转基因农作物来帮助我们为人口不断增长的星球持续供应食物。故答案为A。
　　59．【定位】由题干中的the solution tO agricultural peoblems定位第三段第一、二句；
　　D)【精析】：定位句指出．转基因农作物并不是解决全球农业两题‘一劳永逸”的办法，但 是任何提高耕作效率的方法都是极为有用的，故答案为D)。
　　60．【定位】由题干中的0ngoing debate定位到末段。
　　C)【精析】观点态度题。作者在定位段中指出，人们 应该拿出花在无休止讨论转基因农作物上时间的 十分之一来关注一下全球农业面临的更紧迫的挑战，故答案为C)。

　　61．【定位】由题干中的0bliged to d0和early decision定位到首段首句。
　　B)【精析】细节辨认题。由定位句可知，在提前录取体制下，你申请一所学校，其录取具有约束力，故答案为B)。
　　62．【定位】由题干中的0ffer early decision定位到首段最后一句。
　　A)【精析】推理判断题。首段末句中提到，学校提供提前录取是有其隐藏的动机的。接下来，由第二段第一句可知，提前录取可以使学校录取到高质量的学生，因此答案为A)。
　　63．【定位】由题干中的the problem和for students定位到第三段第一句。
　　C)【精析】细节辨认题。定位句指出，问题在于这个过程实际上缩短了学生必须作出他们到那时为止人生最重要的决定的时间，故答案为C)。
　　64．【定位】由题干中的0pposed定位到倒数第二段最后一句。
　　D)【精析】细节辨认题。定位句指出，有人反对提前录取，因为低收入家庭的学生收到录取指南以助他们理解那些常常让人困惑的提前录取截止时间的可能性要小得多，故答案为D)。
　　65．【定位】由题干中的the author advise和题文同序原则定位到最后一段。
　　B)【精析】推理判断题。定位段第二句指出，对于那些没有做足研究或者始终无法确定自己最喜欢哪所学校的学生来说，提前录取体制没有必要并且过早地缩小了他们此时的选择范围，而这个时候他们正应该放开自己以迎接一系列令人心动的选择，故答案为B)。

　　The year of 2011 is a historic moment in the process of urbanization in China, when the urban population exceeds the rural population for the first time. In the next 20 years, it is estimated that about 350 million rural populations will migrate to cities. Such a scale of urban development is both a challenge and an opportunity for urban transportation. The Chinese government has always been advocating the concept of "people-oriented" development, stressing that people should travel by buses instead of private cars. It also calls for the construction of " resource-saving and environment-friendly society". With this explicit goal, Chinese cities can make better plans for their development, and turn a massive investment to the development of safe, clean and economical transportation system.

　　1．翻译第一句时，可适当使用定语从句将两个中文分句连接起来。我们可以把“2011年”作为主语，先说明这年是“历史性时刻”，然后用定语从句来强调在这一年，中国的城市人口首次超过农村口。“超过”可以使用动词exceed或者surpass来表达。
　　2．第二句的中文中缺少主语，在翻译成英文时，我们可以使用固定搭配it is estimated／predicted that…来表达“预计”。
　　3．翻译第三句时，“既是挑战，也是机遇”除了译文中的表达，也可以译为not only a challenge but also an opportunity。需要注意的是，如果将not only置于句首，则主句用部分倒装，应该译为Not only is such a scale of urban development a challenge but also it is an opportunity for urban transportation．
　　4．翻译第四句时，需要注意句子的时态。由“一直提倡”可知，该句 应用现在完成进行时，强调从过去到现在一直持续的动作，且动作有可能继续。翻译“强调……”时，既可以同参考译文一样用动 词的．ing形式作伴随状语，也可以使用定语从句，如which stresses／emphasizes that people should travel by buses instead of private cars。
　　5．翻译第五句时，需要注意“号召”的表达方法，其次要注意如何表达 “‘资源节约和环境友好型’社会”。“号召”可译为call for。“资源节 约和环境友好型’’可译为resource-saving and environment—friendly=6．最后一句比较复杂，“有了这个明确的目标”可以翻译为with复台 结构作整个句子的状语，剩下的中文内容可以翻译为两个并列分。“大量投资”还可以译为a big／huge／major.