阅读试题

It is all very well to blame traffic jams,the cost of petrol and the quick pace of modern life,but mannerson the roads are becoming horrible.Everybody knows that the nicest men become monsters behind the wheel.Itis all very well,again,to have a tiger in the tank,but to have one in the driver's seat is another matter altogether.You might tolerate the odd road-hog（莽撞驾车者），the rude and inconsiderate driver,but nowadays the well-mannered motorist is the exception to the rule.Perhaps the situation calls for a "Be Kind to Other Drivers"campaign,otherwise it may get completely out of hand.

Road politeness is not only good manners, but good sense too.It takes the most cool-headed and good-tempered of drivers to resist the temptation to revenge when subjected to uncivilized behavior.On the other hand,a little politeness goes a long way towards relieving the tensions of motoring.A friendly nod or a wave of acknowledgement in response to an act of politeness when they see it.

However,misplaced politeness can also be dangerous.Typical examples are the driver who brakes violently toallow a car to emerge from a side street at some hazard to following traffic,when a few seconds later the road would be clear anyway;or the man who waves a child across a zebra crossing into the path of oncoming vehicles that may be unable to stop in time.The same goes for encouraging old ladies to cross the road wherever and whenever they care to.It always amazes me that the highways are not covered with the dead bodiesof these grannies.

A veteran driver,whose manners are faultless,told me it would help if motorists learnt to filter correctlyinto traffic streams one at a time without causing the total blockages that give rise to bad temper.Unfortunately,modern motorists can't even learn to drive,let alone master the subtler aspects of roadsmanship.Years age the experts warned us that the car-ownership explosion would demand a lot more give-and-take from all road users.It is high fime for all of us to take this message to heart.

参考译文

[1]抱怨交通堵塞，汽油太贵和现代生活节奏太快都没什么不对，但人们在公路上的举止正变得越来越可怕。大家都知道，脾气最好的人一开起车来就变成了凶神恶煞。开坦克凶猛是好事，但驾车时也这样就完全是另一回事了。你可能会容忍那些乱开车的怪人、那些粗鲁而不体谅人的司机，但如今懂礼貌的司机反倒是凤毛麟角。[2]这样看来也许需要发起一场“善待其他驾驶者”的运动了，否则一切可能完全乱套。

礼貌驾车不仅是文明的举止，而且也是理智的表现。[3]只有最冷静、最宽容的司机才能在遇到不文明行为时忍住报复的冲动。另一方面，一个小小的礼貌之举对减轻驾驶的紧张情绪大有裨益。友善地点点头或是感激地挥挥手，来回应别人的礼貌行为，有助于营造一种友好、宽容的气氛，这种气氛是现代交通非常需要的。然而这种对礼貌行为的感激在今天已经极为罕见。现在有许多司机即使看到礼貌行为也似乎视而不见。

[4]但是，不合时宜的礼貌行为也可能引发危险的后果。典型的例子有：司机紧急刹车避让从小巷冲出来的汽车，从而给后面的汽车带来危险，而本来再过几秒钟这条道路就没什么车辆了；某人招手让孩子穿过斑马线，走到正有车驶近的另一面，而那些车辆可能来不及刹车。[4]同样不合时宜的是无论何时何地都鼓励老太太们随意过马路。马路上并没有躺满这些老太太的尸体，这一直都让我感到惊奇。

一位行为举止无可挑剔的老司机曾对我说，如果驾驶者都学会依次恰当地汇入车流而不造成令人恼火的全面阻塞，会很有好处。不幸的是，现代的驾驶者连驾车都没学会，更不用说能掌握更加微妙的文明驾驶习惯了。[5]多年前．专家警告过我们，拥有汽车的人数量剧增，这将要求所有驾车的人更多地互相关照。现在是我们所有的人都该用心对待这个忠告的时候了。

测试题

1.According to the passage,people's behaviors on the roads are becoming_____________________.

2.What does the author suggest in order to get control of the situation?

3.Drivers who can manage to control their impulse to revenge when they experience impolite behavior are considered as_________________by the author.

4.Encouraging old ladies to cross the road at the wrong moment is referred as______________by the author.

5.Experts have long pointed out that all road users should be ready to yield to each other due to______________________.

答案详解

1.[horrible]
[定位]根据题干中的behaviors on the roads定位到首段首句。

解析：题干中的people's behaviors是原文中manners的同义替换。空白处需要形容词作表语，故填人horrible即可。

2.[A"Be Kind to Other Drivers"campaign.]
[定位]根据题干中的get control和situation定位到首段末句。

解析：原文中的get out of hand意为“失控”，与题干中的get control of“控制”刚好相反。原文说需要发起某一活动来控制这种情形，否则后果严重，可见为了控制局面，就要发起这一活动，该活动即答案。

3.[the most cool-headed and good-tempered.]
[定位]根据题干中的drivers，to revenge等定位到第2段第2句。

解析：题干中的control their impulse to相当于原文的resist the temptation to,experience impolite behavior也是原文subjected to uncivilized behavior的同义替换。原文提到某些司机在遇到不文明行为时能忍住报复的冲动，空白处需填描述这些司机的形容词或名词（词组），即the most cool-headed and good-tempered。

4.[misplaced politeness]
[定位]根据题干中的encouraging old ladies to cross the road定位到第3段。

解析：该段首句是主题句，讲述了misplaced politeness是很危险的行为，并举例证明。原文该段倒数第二句中的The same goes for指的就是这种行为。主题句中的主语即本题答案。

5.[the car-ownership explosion]
[定位]根据题干中的Experts和pointed out查找到末段倒数第2句。

解析：原文中的Years ago the experts warned对应题干中的Experts have long pointed out,而be ready to yield toeach other是原文中demand a lot more give-and-take的同义替换，故原文该句that从句中的主语the car-ownership explosion部分即为答案。