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US President Bush will soon give Russia notice that the United States is withdrawing from the 1972 nucleartreaty that bans testing of missile defense systems. US government officials said on Tuesday.

He will announce the decision in the next several days, effectively citing a clause in the Anti-Ballistic Missile Treaty that requires the United States and Russia to give six months' notice before abandoning thepact.

Wich the decision, Bush takes the first step foward fulfilling a campaign pledge to develop and deploy an anti-missile system that he says will protect the United States and its allies, including Russia, from missiles fired by hostile nations.

Russia and many US allies have warned Bush that withdrawing from the pact might trigger a nuclear arms race. Critics of the plan also question whether an effective system can be developed without enormous expense.

The president defended his push for a missile shield during a national security speech Tuesday at the Citadel in South Carolina.

"Last week we conducted another promising test of our missile defense technology," Bush said. "For the good of peace, we're moving forward with an active program to determine what works and what does not work. In order to do so, we must move beyond the 1972 Anti-Ballistic Missile Treaty, a treaty that was written ina different era, for a different enemy."

"America and our allies must not be bound to the past. We must be able to build the defenses we need against the enemies of the 2lst century," he said.

According to Bush administration officials, Russian President Vladimir Putin had assured Bush during theirOctober talks in Washington that US-Russian relations would not suffer even if Bush pulled out of the treaty.

The decision came as Secretary of State Colin Powell, in Moscow, said Russia and the United States are near agreement on drastic cuts in long-range nuclear arsenals, but remain, at odds over a US missile defense.

参考译文

美国政府官员星期二宣称，美国总统布什不久将会通告俄罗斯，[l]美国将要退出1972年签署的禁止测试导弹防御系统的核控制条约。

布什总统将会在随后的几天中宣布这一决定。[2]该决定是基于《反弹道导弹条约》中的一个条款，即美国和俄罗斯若要放弃该条约。都必须提前6个月通知对方。

这一决定是布什总统为履行其发展并部署反导弹系统的竞选承诺而迈出的第一步。他说，这个系统可以保护美国及其盟国（包括饿罗斯）免受敌对国家发射的导弹攻击。

[3]俄罗斯和美国的许多盟国都曾警告布什，退出该条约有可能引发核武竞赛。批评这个计划的人还怀疑，如果不投入巨大的开支是否有可能开发出一个有效的反弹道系统。

星期二在南卡罗莱纳州大本营举行的一场有关国际安全的演讲中，布什总统为自己推行导弹防御做出了辩护。

布什说：“上周我们又成功进行了一次对导弹防御技术的试验。为了维护和平，我们必须采取主动的措施，判断什么有效，什么无效。为此，我们就必须要超越1972年的《反弹道导弹条约》。那个条约是在不同的历史时期针对不同的敌人而签署的。”

“美国以及我们的盟友不能受过去的束缚，我们必须有能力构建用以防御2l世纪的敌人的防御体系，”布什说。

[4]布什内阁的官员声称，俄罗斯总统弗拉基米尔·普京10月在华盛顿与布什总统会谈时曾保证，即使布什退出反导条约，美俄关系也不会受到损害。

[5]国务卿科林·鲍威尔在莫斯科说，俄罗斯和美国就急剧削减远程核武库基本达成一致意见，但是两国对美国的导弹防御系统问题存在意见分歧。布什总统的决定就是在这样的背景下做出的。

测试题

1.The U.S. decided to withdraw from the nuclear treaty because the treaty required its members not__________________.

2.When will the U.S. withdraw from the nuclear treaty?

3.According to Russia, US' withdrawal from the treaty may bring about__________________.

4.What is Russia's attitude towards U.S. withdrawal from the 1972 ABM Treaty?

5.Russian and the U.S. still couldn't reach agreement on_________________.

答案详解

1.[to test missile defense systems]

[定位]首段。

解析：原文该段中修饰nuclear treaty的定语从句表明了美国退出核仿控制条约的原因，且原文中的bans...与题目中的require... not同义。要注意的是，require常用require sb．to do/not to do sth．，因此，回答本题时，要先将原文中的testing改为动词不定式形式to test，故本题答案为to best missile defense systems。

2.[In six months.]

[定位]开关两段。

解析：第2段段末的six months' notice before...表明美国将在6个月后正式退出条约，故答案为“6个月后”，注意在将来时中表达“6个月后”要用介词in而非after。

3.[a nuclear arms race]

[定位]第4段首句。

解析：原文该句中的trigger与题目中的bring about都有“导致”的意思，由此可见，原文中tigger的宾语a nuclear arms为本题答案。

4.[Approving/Supportive.]

[定位]第8段。

解析：原文该段末的...US-Russian relations would not suffer even if Bush pulled out of the treaty表明俄罗斯对美国退出ABM条约的态度是“认可的”，这种态度可以表达为approving或supportive。

5.[a US missile defense]

[定位]末段。

解析：该段段末的but表明at odds与该段前半个分句中的agreement表达的含义相反，可见美俄两国在a US missile defense方面未能达成一致，故可知答案。