训练题

　　Most people would be (1) by the high quality of medicine available (2) to most Americans. There is a lot of specialization, a great deal of (3) to the individual, a (4) amount of advanced technical equipment, and (5) effort not to make mistakes because of the financial risk which doctors and hospitals must (2) in the courts if they (7) things badly.
　　But the Americans are in a mess. The problem is the way in (8) health care is organized and (9). (10) to public belief it is not just a free competition system. To the private system has been joined a large public system, because private care was simply not (11) the less fortunate and the elderly.
　　But even with this huge public part of the system, (12) this year will eat up 84.5 billion dollars——more than 10 per cent of the U.S. Budget—large numbers of Americans are left (13). These include about half the 11 million unemployed and those who fail to meet the strict limits (14) income fixed by a government trying to make savings where in can.
　　The basic problem, however, is that there is no central control (15) the health system. There is no (16) to what doctors and hospitals charge for their services, other than what the public is able to pay. The number of doctors has shot up and prices have climbed. When faced with toothache, a sick child, or a heart attack, all the unfortunate person concerned can do is (17) up.
　　Twothirds of the population (18) covered by medical insurance. Doctors charge as much as they want (19) that the insurance company will pay the bill.
　　The rising cost of medicine in the U.S.A. is among the most worrying problems facing the country. In 1981 the country’s health bill climbed 15.9 per cent——about twice as fast as prices (20) general.

　　1. [A] compressed [B] impressed [C] obsessed [D]. repressed
　　2. [A] available [B] attainable [C] achievable [D]. amenable
　　3. [A] extension [B] retention [C] attention [D]. exertion
　　4. [A] countless [B] titanic [C] broad [D] vast
　　5. [A] intensive [B] absorbed [C] intense [D] concentrated
　　6. [A] run into [B] come into [C] face [D] defy
　　7. [A] treat [B] deal [C] maneuver [D] handle
　　8. [A] which [B] that [C] what [D] when
　　9. [A] to finance [B] financed [C] the finance [D] to be financed
　　10. [A] Contrary [B] Opposed [C] Averse [D] Objected
　　11. [A] looking for[B] looking into [C] looking after [D] looking over
　　12. [A] which [B] what [C] that [D] it
　　13. [A] over [B] out [C] off [D] away
　　14. [A] for [B] in [C] with [D] on
　　15. [A] over [B] on [C] under [D] behind
　　16. [A] boundary [B] restriction [C] confinement [D] limit
　　17. [A] to pay [B] paying [C] pay [D] to have paid
　　18. [A] is being [B] are [C] have been [D] is
　　19. [A] knowing [B] to know [C] they know [D] known
　　20. [A] in [B] with [C] on [D] for

答案解析
　　答案与解析
　　1. [B]解析：词义辨析题。各个选项的意思和辨析如下：
　　compress 挤压;压缩。压缩机就是compressor。近义词squeeze。
　　impress 影响;给某人以深刻印象。名词impression印象。形容词impressive给人深刻印象的，感人的，出色的。
　　obsess迷住，使困扰。例如He was obsessed with the idea. 她一心想着那个念头。
　　repress 压制(感情等);镇压。
　　2. [A]解析：Something is available to someone：某人可以享受到……
　　例如：
　　Free education is available to all taxpayers.
　　所有纳税人都可以享受到免费教育。
　　available 可以获得的。现成的。
　　attainable 虽然和available意思相近，但是没有“现成的”之意。包含“需要努力才能得到的”意思。
　　achievable 的用法和attainable相近。也包含“需努力才能得到”的意思。
　　amenable 有责任的，需要负责的。应该服从的，有服从义务的。
　　例如，citizens amenable to the law，应该遵纪守法的公民。He was amenable to spending more time at home.他愿意在家多呆些时间。
　　3. [C]解析：extension 延长，延续;推迟。
　　retention保留，保持，保持物
　　attention注意, 关心, 关注, 注意力
　　exertion 尽力, 努力, 发挥, 行使, 运用
　　4. [D]Vast amount of：大量的。
　　countless无数的。通常用于可数名词。近义词myriad, many。
　　titanic 巨大的。常形容体积。近义词colossal
　　broad宽的，宽广的
　　vast的用途比较广泛。可以用来形容体积，数量，程度，及强度。 近义词enormous。比如：vast amounts of investment巨额的投资
　　5. [C]解析：intensive强烈的, 精深的, 透彻的。
　　Absorbed全神贯注的，一心一意的。
　　intense强烈的, 剧烈的, 热切的, 热情的, 激烈的
　　例如，the excitement was intense非常激动intense pain剧烈的疼痛;intense colors，鲜明的颜色;intense effort巨大的努力;an intense student刻苦的学生
　　concentrated集中的，浓缩的。
　　6. [C]解析：Must后面用动词原形。To face = to be faced with：面对。
　　7. [D]解析：Handle = to deal with：处理。Treat: 给……治病，对待。Maneuver：有策略、有手腕地对待、处理。
　　8. [A]解析：Which引导的定语从句修饰the way。这里in which完全可以省略掉，变成：the way health care is organized…再比如：the way he treated his wife：他对待他妻子的方式 = the way in which he treated his wife。
　　9. [B]解析：Finance在这里是动词。和organize是并列关系，用其过去分词。
　　10. [A]解析：Contrary to…和……相反。
　　Opposed to 和……反对，敌对，作对。
　　Averse (常与to连用)嫌恶的
　　I am not averse to a dance party and a good meal after a week’s hard work.
　　我不反对一周紧张的工作后举办一次舞会,再美餐一顿。
　　The minister is averse to flattery.
　　部长不喜欢听恭维话。
　　Object 不及物动词。反对(某人或某事)。例如：
　　I object to all this noise.
　　我反对一切噪音。
　　However, others strongly object to developing private cars.
　　然而,另有一些人强烈反对发展私人小汽车。
　　He stood up and objected in strong language.
　　他站起来用强烈的语言表示反对。
　　11. [C]解析：looking for 寻找
　　looking into 调查
　　looking after 照顾;照看
　　looking over 检查，察看
　　12. [A]解析：Which引导一个非限定性定语从句，修饰名词this huge public part of the system。非限定性定语从句不能用that修饰。
　　13. [B]解析：To leave someone/something out：省略，忽略，不考虑。
　　The entire Chapter II was left out in the second edition.
　　再版的时候整个的第二章都被删掉了。
　　To leave over：留下，剩下。
　　questions left over by history历史遗留下来的问题
　　14. [D]解析：There’s no limit on…：……是没有限度的。
　　There’s no limit on the potential of the human brain.
　　人大脑的潜力是无限的。
　　15. [A]解析：和control搭配的介词是over。
　　16. [D]解析：boundary界线;边界。例如，the boundaries of the country ，国界。界限;范围。例如：the boundaries of knowledge 知识范围。
　　Restriction限制。例如：restrictions for hunters对猎人实施的限制。a restriction against smoking in schools 禁止在学校吸烟 。
　　confinement (被)限制, (被)禁闭, 产期, 分娩。近义词imprisonment
　　limit, restrict, confine这三个动词的一般含义为“限制”或“局限”。
　　limit 指时、空、程度、量等方面的“限定”，其内涵是如果超出了这种限度就会受罚或遭到令人不快的后果;此外，这个词也常用来表示“局限” This driver received a ticket because he failed to limit his speed while driving in heavy traffic.
　　那位司机收到了一个违章通知单，因为他在车辆多的地方没能限制开车速度。
　　I limited myself to two modest ambitions. to do physical exercises every morning and to read more of an evening.
　　我把自己的决心限制于两项小小的抱负：即每天早晨做体操，常在晚上多读一点书。
　　He seems to have only a limited intelligence.
　　似乎他的智力有限。
　　We must limit our expense to what we can afford.
　　我们必须不使开支超出我们的支付能力
　　restrict 区别于limit 的地方在于，restrict“限制”的是范围，而limit 侧重于表示“限制”到某个点。
　　In democratic countries any efforts to restrict the freedom of the Press are rightly condemned.
　　在民主的国家里，限制新闻自由的任何努力都要受到公正的遣责。
　　The trees restrict our view.
　　这些树局限了我们的视野。
　　confine 具有 limit 和 restrict 两者的含义，但 confine 的内涵是“约束”或“束缚”
　　He is confined to the house by illness.
　　他因病闭门不出。
　　The professor confined his remarks to scientific management.
　　那位教授把自己的讲话局限在科学管理方面。
　　limit 亦为名词。如：Didn’t you see the speed limit? confine 亦可用作名词
　　It did not, however, remain within the confines of his estate.
　　然而，这种疾病并未被局限在他的庄园范围之内。
　　17. [C]解析：省略to的不定式作表语。
　　As I had created the embarrassing situation, I knew the kindest thing I could do was walk away.
　　因为是我造成了那个尴尬的局面，我知道我所能做的最好的事就是远远走开。
　　18. [B]解析：主语是复数名词，谓语动词应用复数形式。另外因为是一般事实，用一般现在时。
　　19. [A]解析：knowing that…现在分词作状语。
　　20. [A]解析：in general：总的来说。