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Mom Is Best Weapon Against Drug Abuse

A caring mother is the single most important factor in preventing teenagers from abusing drugs and alcohol1.

An international study showed that teenagers living with both parents are less likely to suffer from alcohol and drug problems but a strong maternal2 bond is the most effective barrier to substance abuse.

"These findings suggest that living with both parents may inhibit drug use but only if availability through peer networks3 is not very high,"said Dr. Paul McArdle, of Newcastle University in northern England, who led the study. "They also suggest that attachment,particularly to mothers, is a more potent inhibitor and that this is truly across cultures and substances."

The report, which is published in the journal Addiction, involved nearly 4 , 000 teenagers in England, Ireland, Italy, Germany and the Netherlands. They were questioned about their use of cannabis, amphetamines, ecstasy, LSD4, tranquilizers5 and alcohol.

The teenagers also filled in questionnaires about their relationship with their parents and grandparents, how well they were supervised after school and whether they were allowed to meet friends at home.

"Both the quality of family relationships and the structure of families appear to be significant influences on youth drug use. A strong maternal bond offers the greatest protection against developing drug habits."McArdle said in a statement.

The rate of drug abuse among teenagers living with both parents and who had a good relationship with their mother was 16.6 percent. If either factor was missing the drug abuse rate rose to 32 percent.

More than 42 percent of teenagers living in one parent families who did not have a strong bond with their mother used drugs.

Drug prevention campaigns in British schools and on television warn teenagers about the danger of drugs and alcohol but McArdle said no one is tackling the issue of parental responsibility.

练习题：

Ⅰ. Fill in the blanks with the words a nd expressions from the passage a ccording to the Chinese meaning in the bracket:

1. A ( 十几岁的人) is a boy or girl between 13 and 19 years old.

2. A ( 障碍) is something prevent you from being successful.

3. A ( 问卷) is a list of questions.

4. ( 重要的) means important.

5. A ( 联系, 关系) is a close relationship between people .

Ⅱ. Question:

How many countries did the report involve in?

参考答案

Ⅰ. 1. teenager 2. barrier 3 . questionnaire 4 . Significant 5 . bond

Ⅱ. Five : England, Ireland, Italy, Germany and the Netherlands.

参考译文

母爱新用途———预防吸毒

一位慈爱的母亲在预防青少年吸毒和酗酒中扮演着最重要的角色。

一项国际研究表明, 生活在双亲家庭的青少年发生酗酒和吸毒现象的几率比较小, 不过这要归功于母亲的严格管教, 这可是杜绝青少年不良现象的最有效方法。主持这项研究的是英国北部纽卡斯尔大学的保罗· 麦卡德尔博士, 他说:“ 这些研究发现表明, 如果青少年中的毒品传播现象不是非常严重的话, 生活在双亲家庭的青少年就可能杜绝吸毒现象⋯ ⋯ 对家庭的眷恋, 特别是对母亲的依恋对于防止青少年吸毒是很有效的, 而且在各种文化中都是这样的。”

这份发表在《上瘾》周刊上的研究报告对来自英国、爱尔兰、意大利、德国和荷兰的近4000 名青少年进行了调查。这些青少年接受的调查内容包括对大麻、安非他明、兴奋剂、迷幻药、镇静剂等药物的服用和酗酒的情况。

此外, 这些接受调查的青少年还填写了关于自己和父母以及祖父母关系的调查表, 问题涉及的内容主要是关于放学后家人对他们的监督情况以及是否允许他们在家里接待朋友等等。

麦卡德尔认为:“ 家庭结构和家庭关系的质量对于青少年使用药物的影响是举足轻重的, 其中母亲的监督是最能有效防止青少年滥用禁用药品的。”

在有着滥用禁用药品恶习的青少年中, 生活在双亲家庭中并且和母亲关系良好的青少年只占了16 .6% 。然而一旦上述两个条件之中缺失了任何一个, 这个数字就会上升至32% 。

超过42% 生活在单亲家庭, 和母亲关系疏远的青少年存在着滥用禁用药品的现象。英国校园和电视中的“ 反药品运动”对青少年提出了滥用药品和酗酒的种种危害, 但是麦卡德尔说父母的作用还是最最关键的。

阅读解释

1. 毒品和酒类容易使人上瘾。我们都知道毒瘾的可怕, 但是中国的酒文化往往忽视酒瘾的可怕, 媒体上曾经有过成功戒除酒瘾的报道, 但是这人的戒酒之路丝毫不亚于戒毒。我们还是要牢记朱熹的家训:“ 莫贪意外之财, 莫饮过量之酒。”

2. maternal n. 母系的, 母亲的。参考: paternal ( 父亲的) ; fraternal ( 兄弟的, 兄弟般的) 。

3. 同辈, 同事, 伙伴所组成的小圈子。这里不要理解为我们先前注释过的“贵族网络”。

4. 即lysergic acid diethylamide ( 麦角酸二乙基醯胺, 一种麻醉药物) 。常见的毒品有: cocaine( 可卡因, 古柯碱) ; heroin ( 海洛因) ; opium ( 鸦片) ; marijuana = marihuana ( 印度大麻) ;ephedrine ( 麻黄碱, 摇头丸的主要成分) 。

5. 源自tranquil ( 平静的, 安静的, 镇静的, 稳定的) ; tranquilize v. ( 使) 镇定, ( 使) 安定。