作文审题构思

　　下面是2014年英语四级作文范文：留学海外，希望考生了解四级范文的写作思路，增强自己的写作实力。
　　Studying Abroad 留学海外
　　(1)有人认为留学海外有许多好处。
　　(2)也有人认为留学海外有许多弊端
　　(3)我的看法是…
　　四、六级作文类型：提纲式对比分析类议论文
　　审题构思：
　　这是篇段首句续写式作文。经分析，文中所给的前两段的段首句均可作为该段的主题句。第三段中，可根据所给的段首句暗示的写作方向，得出结论，并以此为该段主题句。故第三段主题句为：One must consider both sides of the factors carefully before making up his mind。由此完成通篇构思，其全文和各段框架具体构思如下：
　　全文构思
　　1.Attending school abroad has many advantages.
　　2.There are also some disadvantages.
　　3.One must consider both sides Of factors carefully.
　　段落构思
　　第一段 Topic Sentence Attending school abroad has many advantages.
　　l. widen our vision
　　2. travel widely
　　3. improve the second foreign language
　　4. acquire updated knowledge
　　第二段 Topic Sentence There are also many disadvantages。
　　1. language barrier
　　2. misunderstanding
　　3. high tuition and cost of living
　　第三段 Topic Sentence One must consider both sides of the factors carefully.
　　1. good to study the subject weak in our country
　　2. should consider the disadvantages
　　精品词汇
　　widen our visionhorizon 开阔视野
　　get acquainted with 了解
　　first-rate facilities 一流设备
　　language barrier 语言障碍
　　绝妙衔接
　　... In the first place, … Secondly, … Thirdly, …
　　But the most important thing... For all these...
　　However, … As a result, ... Besides, ... Furthermore, …
　　Therefore, ... On the whole, … But on the other hand, ...
　　良好开端
　　1. Attending school abroad has many advantages.
　　2. Attending school abroad has many positive aspects.
　　3. Studying abroad has many strong points.
　　4. Studying abroad has many favorable aspects.
　　成功收口
　　1. But on the other hand, one must not lose sight of the disadvantages.
　　2. But most important of all, one should not neglect the disadvantages of studying abroad.
　　3. Finally, one should always think carefully before making up one's mind.
　　4. Finally, everything depends on his personal financial status. If the advantages can outweigh the disadvantages, he should make up his mind to study abroad. Otherwise, it's advisable to study at home.
　　组段成篇
　　读读范文，看看文章的写作模式——文章先分析留学海外的益处，随后分析其弊端，最终得出结论。读读范文，看看文章的开篇、过渡与收口。把作文的思路看出来。把作文的思路读出来。借你一双慧眼，请把文题的奥秘看个真真切切，明明白白。
　　读读范文，想想看，如今有多少大学生、高中生甚至是中小学生都在拼命地想到海外留学，他们有的在海外功成名就，鹏程万里；有的却倾家荡产，学业难成，贫困潦倒，陷入十分尴尬的境地，有苦难言。留学海外，有利也有弊。是弊大于利还是利大于弊一切因人而异。想想看，对此话题，你持何高见动动脑筋，想想看，作文的思路想出来。
　　读读范文，想想你的作文该怎样写读了范文，就该你露一手了。看你能否写出绝妙的语段，精彩的作文，胜过作者。切记：你今天的努力会换回你明天的成绩；你今天的努力更会换回你明天的写作能力。

范文
　　范文：
　　Attending school abroad has many advantages. In the first place, by looking at our own country from the outside, we can best see the strong points of our nation, and therefore widen our vision and broaden our minds. Secondly, while studying in a foreign country, we can travel widely, visiting famous scenic spots and making friends with the local people. Thirdly, we can use the foreign language in our daily life so that our ability in the second language may be improved quickly. But the most important thing in attending a foreign university is to get acquainted with the latest knowledge in science and technology and make use of the first-rate facilities available. For all these advantages, it is really worthwhile to go abroad for further studies.
　　However, as everything has two sides, there are also some disadvantages in attending a foreign university. The most serious problem is the language barrier. Most of the students who are ready to go abroad do not have adequate proficiency in the language spoken there. As a result, on arriving there, they will find it difficult to understand what the instructors are saying. Besides, for lack of knowledge of the customs and way of life of the local people, they may constantly run into trouble in dealing with various situations. Therefore, misunderstandings often arise. Furthermore, the cost of living is much higher than that in our country, so most students have to find part-time jobs in order to help support themselves. Faced with these difficulties, many students find themselves unable to pay full attention to their studies and some students may even fail in their courses and learn little, even some have to return to their motherland.
　　Therefore, given an opportunity to attend a school abroad, one must consider both sides of the factors carefully before making up his mind. On the whole, it is a good thing to go and study abroad particularly when the subject is very weak or not available in our country. But on the other hand, one must not lose sight of the disadvantages.
　　考点分析：
　　本文属典型的比较分析类议论文。其写作特点是通过对同一种或两种不同事物的正反两面或优劣、利弊等进行比较或对比分析，得出结论。
　　对比/比较类议论文的写作特点有三种：第一种是通过坤两种不同事物比较分析，找出它们之间的共同点最后得出结论。
　　第二种是通过对两种不同事物的对比分析，找出它们之间的差异，最后得出结论。
　　第三种是通过对同一事物正反两面，优劣、利弊进行比较分析，最后得出结论。本文恰属最后一种。
　　范文赏析：
　　本文思路清晰，层次分明。语言流畅，论述充分，令人信服。文章用直入法开篇点题：留学海外，必有其益处。随后作者用罗列法详细论述其有利的一面：可以开拓视野，增加阅历；可以提高外语水平，学到最新知识；还可充分利用国外一流的设备，发展自己的专业。接着作者用“However”承上启下，完成段落过渡。作者旋即笔锋一转开始议论留学海外的弊端：语言障碍、文化差异导致的误解、学费和生活费昂贵等等。最终作者得出结论：在做出是否留学海外重大决策之前，务必三思而后行。