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Passage 5

Years ago, doctors often said that pain was a normal part of life. In particular, when older patients 36 of pain, they were told it was a natural part of aging and they would have to learn to live with it.

Times have changed. Today, we take pain 37 . Indeed, pain is now considered the fifth vital sign，as important as blood pressure, temperature, breathing rate and pulse in 38 a person’s wellbeing. We know that chronic (慢性的）pain can disrupt (扰乱）a person’s life, causing problems that 39 from missed work to depression.

That's why a growing number of hospitals now depend upon physicians who 40 in pain medicine. Not only do we evaluate the cause of the pain, which can help us treat the pain better，but we also help provide comprehensive therapy for depression and other psychological and social 41 related to chronic pain. Such comprehensive therapy often 42 the work of social workers, psychiatrists (心 理医生）and psychologists, as well as specialists in pain medicine.

This modern 43 for pain management has led to a wealth of innovative treatments which are more effective and with fewer side effects than ever before. Decades ago, there were only a 44 number of drugs available, and many of them caused 45 side effects in older people，including dizziness and fatigue. This created a double-edged sword： the medications helped relieve the pain but caused other problems that could be worse than the pain itself.

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【讲解答案】

Passage 5

36. L根据结构，空白处与of应该构成when引导的时间状语从句里的谓语，它应该是个动词且能与 of组成词组，时态为过去时。complained符合要求，与of组成词组意为抱怨。

37. G此空需填一副词，修饰take,G和K入选。其中take sth. seriously为惯用搭配，意为“认真对 待某人或某事”。gravely更强调事情的严重性和严肃。故答案为G。

38. I空格前面有介词in,后面有名词作宾语，所以此处需要一个动名词形式。句中提到的blood pressure, temperature, breathing rate和pulse都是医生给病人进彳了诊断的依据，所以此处填入有 “诊断，确定”意义的词determining。

39. D此处需要一个动词来充当从句的谓语，而且要和后面的介词短语from. . . to. . .构成搭配range符合这一要求。

40. 0根据结构，空白处应是动词，并与in组成词组，构成who引导的定语从句中的谓语。0 specialize与in组成词组，意为“专攻、专门研究”，并能使上下文连贯，因此空白处为specialize。 involves看起来也可与in组成搭配，但该处who指代的是复数名词physicians，不可能出现单数第 三人称即动词加s的形式。 '

41. F 空格前面为两个形容词，其后为作定语的分词结构，因此此处需要填入一个名词。此处填入的 名词和前面的depression是并列关系，depression意为“沮丧、消沉、抑郁”，而且前面有therapy for “对……的治疗”，因此空格处的名词应该也是疾病或问题，issues符合句意。

42. B经分析句子结构可知，此空需填一动词。由上文可知此句意为“全面的治疗涉及到社会工作 者、心理医生和心理学者以及专业的疼痛专家”。所填词应为“涉及”之意，此时只剩involves可人 选，意为“涉及”，故B为答案。

43. M此处需要一个名词作句子的主语。句子的谓语为lead to,后面表示的是结果：众多的比以前 更有效，而且副作用更小的创新疗法，因此主语应该是原因：人们对疼痛治疗的关注。respect有 “注意,关心”的意思，符合句意。

44. J根据结构，空白处在词组“a number of”中修饰number,应该是定语。limited填入后意为“有限 数量的”,符合上下文意思，因此空白处为limited。

45. C空白处在谓语动词caused之后，在宾语side effects之前，应该是定语，修饰宾语。significant 填人意为“严重的副作用”，符合上下文意思，因此空白处为significant。