阅读训练

Passage 3

Comparisons were drawn between the development of television in the 20th century and the diffusion of printing in the 15th and 16th centuries. Yet much had happened between. As was discussed before,it was not until the 19th century that the newspaper became the dominant pre-electronic 36 ， following in the wake of the pamphlet and the book and in the 37 of the periodical. It was during the same time that the communications revolution 38 up, beginning with transport, the railway and leading on through the telegraph，the telephone, radio, and motion picturesinto the 20th-century world of the motor car and the air plane. Not everyone sees that process in 39 . It is important to do so.

It is generally recognized, however, that the introduction of the computer in the early 20 th century, 40 by the invention of the integrated circuit during the 1960s, radically changed the process, although its impact on the media was not immediately 41 As time went by, computers became smaller and more powerful,and they became “personal，too,as well as 42 , with display becoming sharper and storage capacity increasing. They were thought of,like people，in terms of generations, with the distance between generations much 43 .

It was within the computer age that the term “information society” began to be widely used to describe the 44 within which we now live. The communications revolution has influenced both work and leisure and how we think and feel both about place and time, but there have been 45 view about its economic,political,social and cultural implications. “Benefits” have been weighed against “harmful” outcomes. And generalizations have proved difficult.

参考答案
【讲解答案】
Passage 3

36. A此题属于语意搭配题。选项medium表示“媒体”。根据考生的常识不难判断本句中的主语 newspapers应该属于medium (媒体）的一种6

37. B此题属于语意搭配题。上文中的in the wake of the pamphlet and the book意为“紧紧跟随着小 册子和书籍的出现”，据此可以判断与此相对应的应该是in the company of the periodical (伴随着 期刊的兴起）。所以选项B是正确答案。in the company of表示“在.…的陪同下，伴随着”，例 如：I traveled Egypt in the company of two teachers.(我在两个老师的陪同下游览了埃及。）句意： 直到19世纪,伴随着小册子、书籍和期刊的兴起,报纸成为前电子时代主要的媒体。

38. D此题属于词语搭配题。本题主要考查动词短语的含义，这是考査的一个重点。. speed up表示 “加速”,例如：The train gradually speeded up.(火车逐渐加速了化不难看出本句的含义是“在15 世纪到20世纪之间,从火车、电报、电话到汽车、飞机,交通.、通讯业的变革速度是越来越快”,故 选D。

39. E此题属于语意搭配题。本题考查的是介词与名词的语意搭配。选项perspective表示“透视 图，看法”；in perspective表示“正确地，适当地”，例如:look at things in perspective (正确地观察事 物）‘ perspective符合题意，是正确答案。

40. G此题属于语意搭配题。上文提到20世纪初电脑的引进，接着就是20世纪60年代集成电路的 发明，后者显然跟随在前者之后，所以正确答案是followed。

41. H此题属于语意搭配题。选项apparent表示“表面的，明显的”，例如：with apparent，符合题意。 句意：尽管一时之间，集成电路对媒体的影响不是很明显。然而,20世纪初期引进了电脑,20世纪 60年代发明了集成电路。人们开始普遍意识到这些彻底改变了这个变革的过程。

42. J此题属于语意搭配题。选项universal表示“普遍的，通用的”，例如：a universal truth。本题中 需要填入一个与上文中的personal相对应的形容词，所以首先要了解personal的含义:个人的，个 性化的。因此universal符合题意。

43. K此题属于语意搭配题。本题是以独立主格的形式出现，其逻辑主语是distance，可指空间的距 离或时间的间隔，能与它相搭配的只有选项smaller。

44. M此题属于语意搭配题。选项context可表示“上下文”,也可表示“背景，环境"（situation)，例 如：I think we need to look at these events in contest.原句又是一个强调句型，所填空格的后面是 一个定语从句，意为“我们所生活的……”，而与空格相对应的是information society (信息社会）， 可以判定空格的意思应与society相近，故context是正确答案。句意：正是在电脑时代，“信息社 会”这一说法才开始广泛地用于描述我们所生活的这个环境。

45. N此题属于语意搭配题。选项controversial表示“有争议的”。下文中提到了通讯革命带来的 benefits (利）和harmful incomes (弊），可见对于它在经济、政治等方面所产生的结果，人们还是 有争议的，因此是正确答案。句意:在我们这个时代、我们这个社会中，通讯革命已经影响到了我 们的工作、生活、思维和感觉;但是它在经济、政治、社会和文化方面所产生的结果，人们还有争议。