2010年12月大学英语四级考试阅读冲刺训练(2)
日期:2010-11-30 10:52

(单词翻译:单击)

练习题
The free enterprise had produced a technology ___47____ of providing the American consumer with the largest and most varied marketplace in the world. Technological advances, however, have come hand-in-hand with impersonal mass marketing of goods and services. Along with___48____ too, have come some instances of manipulative (操纵性的) advertising practices and a great increase to products whose reliability, safety and quality are difficult to__49_____.
Today’s consumers buy, enjoy, use and throw away more types of goods than could possibly have been imagined even a few years ago. Yes, too often consumers have no idea of the materials that have gone into the manufacturer’s finished product or their own ___50____ in selecting one product over another.
Easy credit and forceful techniques of modern marketing persuade many consumers to buy what they can’t ___51____ . The consequent __52_____ of family budgets is a problem for consumers at all economic levels. It is not unusual for families to set aside 20 percent or more of their income to debt repayments without understanding the effect this allocation has upon other choices. Some families have such tight budgets that an illness, a period of unemployment, or some other crisis finds them without ___53____ reserves(储备;储蓄).
In addition to the growing complexity of the market, consumers are sometimes faced with unfair and___54____ practices. Although there are laws__55_____ to protect the consumers, there are not a sufficient number of laws enforced to cover all the abuses of the marketplace.
An adult in today’s society should be knowledgeable in the use of credit. He should understand what is involved in purchasing a house, and the many pitfalls to be avoided when ___56 ____into financial agreements. He should know enough about advertising and selling techniques to enable him to tell the honest from the deceptive. He should be knowledgeable about consumer protection laws so that he can demand his rights. When he needs help, he should know the private and public sources to which he can turn for assistance.

A) virtually B) deceptive C) supervisors D) entering  E) evaluate
 F) capable  G) efficiently H) progress I) designed  J) likely
 K) afford L) adequate  M) overburden N) amazing O) motivation

答案与解析
47. F。 此空应形容词或过去分词。所填词作为后置定语是英语中常用的表达方法。选项中的capable常与介词of搭配,意为具备……的能力。填入此处符合上下文逻辑。句意"自由经济产生一种能够为美国消费者提供世界上最大和最多样化市场的技术(机制)"。

48. H。此空应填名词。前文讲到了"technological advances",所以选progress与该处所述内容吻合,即伴随着技术进步也产生了一些问题。

49. E。 此处应填动词原形。不定式后面应填入动词。evaluate“评价, 估计”符合句意,即产品的可信赖性、安全性和质量都很难评估。

50. O。此处应填名词。该段谈论消费者在自由经济的环境中所面临的状况,很多情况下消费者并不清楚生产商的终极产品使用了哪些材料,或者他们自己也弄不清楚自己选择一种产品而不选择另外一种产品是出于怎样的动机, motivation“动机,目的”,符合上下文逻辑。

51. K。此处应填动词原形。前文讲到了现代市场唾手可得的贷记和强大的技术手段诱使消费者购买超出他们能够负担得起的商品,因此填入afford“承担,购买得起”,符合句意。

52. M。 此处应填形容词。consequent(随之而来的)作定语修饰所填词。, 前文已讲到现代市场的各种机制名词诱使消费者购买超越他们承受能力的商品;后文降到家庭收入的20%要用来还债对于家庭来说这是一种超重的负担。overburden符合题意。

53. L。此处应填填入形容词。该句提到一些家庭的预算如此吃紧,以至于一旦家庭遇上疾病、事业等危机,家庭储蓄就显得不足。without adequate reserves“没有足够的储蓄”,符合句意。

54. B。此处应填形容词。由于and连接词性和词义平行的成分,所以选词应该与unfair一词相对应, deceptive“欺骗性的”,贬义词,词意与unfair相呼应。句意:“消费者有时不得不面临不公平和欺骗性的商业实践。”

55. I。此处应填形容词或动词分词。作后置定语。该处填入designed与句子后面laws enforced to在逻辑和结构上恰好相呼应,是指制定的法律,句意:“虽然制定了旨在保护消费者的法律,但依然没有足够实施的法律来覆盖所有市场滥用的行为。”

56. D。此处应填动名词。 当when,等连词引导的从句主语与主句主语一致时,从句主语省略,后面直接接分词形式。同时考生应该熟悉enter into an agreement”签定合同”, 因此填入entering。

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重点单词
  • additionn. 增加,附加物,加法
  • unemploymentn. 失业,失业人数
  • enterprisen. 企业,事业,谋划,进取心
  • manipulativeadj. 操纵的,巧妙处理的
  • sufficientadj. 足够的,充分的
  • variedadj. 各种各样的 动词vary的过去式和过去分词
  • adequateadj. 足够的,适当的,能胜任的
  • evaluatevt. 评估,评价
  • reliabilityn. 可靠性
  • assistancen. 帮助,援助