Unit One 词频大于20次

ability n. 能力，能耐，才能

例：He is a man of great ability. 他是位能力很强的人。The acting abilities of both are well?known. 这俩人的演技是众所周知的。搭配：ability to 具有……的能力，具有……的本领： We have great interest and our company has the ability to the project. 我们很感兴趣，而且我们公司有能力承建这个工程。

听力扩展：What’s more, there has been a lot of criticism from the general public that many college students who have successfully passed the CET6 cannot even compose a simple English letter or fill out an English application form. So we have good reasons to believe that a certain kind of test ought to be devised to assess students’ability in spoken English.另外，许多已经成功地通过了大学英语六级考试的大学生不会写英文信，不会用英文填写申请表，公众对此颇有异议。因此，我们有充足的理由相信，应该制定新的测试法，评估学生的英语口语能力。

able a. ①能够……的，得以……的 ②有才干的，有本事的

例：The patient was soon able to sit up. 病人很快就能坐起来了。He was acknowledged as an able statesman. 他被公认为是个有才干的政治家。搭配：be able to do sth. 有能力做某事：Most children are able to walk before they are able to talk. 大多数孩子在会说话前就会走路。

听力扩展：The days passed and the young boy was finally able to tell his father that all the nails were gone. The father took his son by the hand and led him to the fence. He said, “You have done well, my son, but look at the holes in the fence. The fence will never be the same. When you say things in anger, they leave a scar just like this one. You can put a knife in a man and draw it out. Remember that friends are very rare jewels, indeed. They make you smile and encourage you to succeed. They lend an ear, they share words of praise and they always want to open their hearts to us.”过了些天，男孩告诉父亲，篱笆上所有的钉子都被拔去了。父亲拉着儿子的手，来到了篱笆旁。“你做得很棒，我的孩子。”父亲说，“可是你瞧见篱笆上那些洞了吗？篱笆再也不会是原来那个样子了。你发脾气时说出的伤害别人的话会给对方留下一道伤痕。如同用刀去扎人，随后又把刀抽出来一样。孩子，要记住，朋友是世上最珍贵的宝石。朋友会带给你无尽欢笑，朋友会鼓励你成功，朋友会聆听、会赞扬、会永远对你敞开心扉。”

activity n. 活动，活动力

例：He once engaged in anti?government activity. 他一度从事反政府的活动。The store was a scene of great activity. 这家商店顾客盈门。拓展：active a. 有活力的

affect v. ①影响 ②使震动，使感动 ③装作

例：The amount of rain affects the growth of crops. 雨量影响作物的生长。She was deeply affected by the news of her father’s death. 父亲去世的消息使她深受震动。拓展：affective a. 情感的，表达感情的

听力扩展：
W: OK, honey, time for dinner. What would you like to eat?
M: Oh, honey, anything!
W: Let me see. How about hot pot?
M: No.
W: Sea food?
M: No, it will affect my sleep.
W: So what would you like to eat?
M: Honey, anything!
女：亲爱的，该吃饭了，想吃什么呀？
男：嗯，亲爱的，随便什么都可以！
女：我想想，火锅怎么样？
男：不想吃。
女：那海鲜呢？
男：不，晚上吃太多海鲜会影响睡眠的。
女：那……你想吃什么呀？
男：亲爱的，随便什么都可以！

allow v. ①容许，允许 ②考虑

例：He doesn’t allow cats in the room. 他不允许猫进入房内。He allowed that they were right. 他承认他们是对的。搭配：allow for 留出：Their teacher allowed them three days for the assignment. 老师给他们三天时间完成作业。allow of 容许某事物：The situation allows of no delay. 情况不容许有任何延误。拓展：allowable a. 可容许的，可承认的

amount n. 总数，数量；v. 合计，共计

例：What is the amount we owe them? 我们总共欠他们多少钱? The bill amounts to 500 yuan. 这张账单共计500元。搭配：amount to 相当于：Keeping what belongs to another amounts to stealing. 将他人之物占为己有等于偷窃。any amount of 大量：The second half produced any amount of action. 下半场十分激烈。no amount of 即使再多……也不：No amount of talk is going to change anything. 谈得再多也不会有任何改变。

attention n. ①注意，注意力 ②照顾

例：Let me have your attention! 请注意听我讲话! She gave her aging parents much attention. 她悉心照料年迈的双亲。搭配：pay attention to sth. 注意，专心:Please pay attention to what I am saying. 请你注意我说的话。拓展：attentive a. 注意的，留心的

听力扩展：Good afternoon, everyone. The experiment is to start at 4:00. Have you gone through the instructions? OK. Now let me draw your attention to some important points. First of all, pay attention to safety. Second, don?t hurry to the finish, and take your time and do it correctly. Now, sign your names on the lab record, and after that you can start. If there are any questions, please ask me. 同学们，下午好。实验4点开始，都看过操作说明了吧? 好。请大家注意如下几点：第一，注意安全；第二，不要急于完成，慢慢来，操作要正确。现在，把名字写在实验记录上，可以开始了。如果有问题，请找我。

author n. 作家，创造者；v. 创造，写作

例：Dickens is his favorite author. 狄更斯是他最喜欢的作家。As the author of the scheme, I can’t really comment. 作为方案的设计者，我是不便置评的。

听力扩展：
One day a book-seller went to visit a famous writer and compliment him on the popular novel he had published recently. “What a remarkable novel you’ve written,” the book-seller said. “You know, it took me only two weeks to sell the books at a profit of 20,000 yuan.” “What a remarkable benefit you’ve made,” the author said, “You know, it took me twenty years to finish the book at a profit of 20,000 yuan.”有一天，一位书商拜访了一位著名作家并大加赞赏了他最近出版的流行小说。“你写的小说太了不起了啊，”书商说道：“我两个星期卖书就挣了2万元。”“你挣了这么多钱啊”，作者说：“你要知道，我花了二十年写书，才挣了2万元 。”【注】compliment v. 称赞，褒扬；remarkable a. 不平凡的，非凡的

avoid v. 避开，躲开，避免

例：I avoided him as much as possible. 我尽量避开他。She braked suddenly and avoided an accident. 她紧急刹车，避免了一场车祸。搭配：avoid doing sth. 避开做某事：He avoided answering my questions. 他避而不答我的问题。avoid sb.(sth.)like the plague极力回避：He?s been avoiding me like the plague since our quarrel. 吵架以后，他一直如避蛇蝎似地躲着我。

behavio(u)r n. ①行为 ②(机器等的)运转状态

例：He was on his best behavior. 他表现极好。The aircraft’s behavior was satisfactory on its first test flight. 那架飞机在第一次试飞时运转情况令人满意。拓展：behave v. 行为表现，举动，举止

听力扩展： One night, a boy wakes up, and has a drink of water. After drinking, he scratches the wall of his house painfully. At that moment, his father sees this behavior, and doubts. The next night, the boy wakes up all the same, and still has a drink of water. After drinking, he has the same behavior like the last night. His father still sees this behavior, and still doubts. The third night, his father thinks why his son has so painful behavior so his father drinks the same water before his son wakes up. After drinking, his father also scratches the wall of his house painfully. Then he says endlessly, “Fuck! Why the water is so thermal.”一天晚上，男孩起床喝水，喝完之后便痛苦地抓墙。他的举动被爸爸看见，爸爸感到不解。第二天晚上，儿子又醒来喝水，喝完后又痛苦地抓墙，正好又被爸爸看见，爸爸仍是十分疑惑。第三天晚上，爸爸寻思为什么儿子会有那样痛苦的举动呢，于是爸爸没等儿子起来就去儿子处喝水。结果，他也痛苦地抓墙，然后一直在说：“见鬼，为什么水会这么热！”【注】thermal a. 热的

business n. ①生意 ②事情

例：Mr. Jones is in the business of selling cars. 琼斯先生从事汽车销售。This is none of your business. 这与你不相干。搭配：on business 因公，因事：Tom was on business last week. 上周汤姆出差了。

听力扩展： A young businessman had just started his own firm. He rented a beautiful office and had it furnished with antiques. Sitting there, he saw a man come into the outer office. Wishing to show his success, the businessman picked up the phone and started to pretend he had a big deal working. Finally he hung up and asked the visitor, “Can I help you?” The man said, “Yeah, I’ve come to activate your phone lines.”一个年轻人的公司刚刚开张。他租用了漂亮的办公室，办公室内还摆放了古董作装饰。这天，年轻人看到一个人走进了办公室。为显示自己是个成功的老板，年轻人拿起电话假装正在谈大买卖。好不容易电话“打”完，挂上听筒，便问来访者：“您有事吗?”对方回答说：“有事。我是来开通电话的”。【注】antiques n. 古董；activate v. 激活，开通

challenge n. ①挑战 ②艰巨的事；v. ①要求 ②激发，刺激

例：He received a challenge to a TV debate. 他要参加电视辩论赛，这对他是一个挑战。I challenged him to show his proof. 我要他拿出证据。

听力扩展：I have worked as an executive secretary for 5 years, first for trading companies, and now I am working for a trust company. I interact well with peers, clients, administrators and bosses. I thrive on challenge and work well in high?stress environments. I have received some special training in computers. Besides I am good at operating common office machines, such as fax machines and duplicating machines. 我已经做行政秘书五年了，开始是为一家贸易公司工作，现在是一家信托公司。我与同事、客户、管理人员和老板相处得非常好。我能应对挑战，而且在高压环境中也能工作很出色。我接受过计算机专业培训，能熟练操作诸如传真机和复印机等办公设施。【注】thrive on因……蓬勃发展；fax machine n. 传真机；duplicating machine n. 复印机

claim n. 要求，声称；v. ①要求，索取 ②主张

例：Mary made a claim to the pencil. 玛丽认为她应得到这支铅笔。The old man claimed the land. 老人要求得到这块土地。She claimed that the ring was stolen, not lost. 她声言那只戒指是被偷的，而不是遗失的。搭配：claim to fame 与众不同之处，成名的原因：The town’s only claim to fame is that it is the birthplace of Edgar. 小镇所以成名的唯一原因是它是埃德加的出生地。lay claim to 坚持对……的权利：She laid claim to her father’s crown. 她要求继承父亲的王位。拓展：claimant n. 申请者，要求者

communication n. 传达，交流

例：The satellite has become an important means of communication. 卫星已成为重要的通信工具。 Communication between old and young people is not as difficult as you think. 老年人与年轻人之间的交流没有你想象的那样难。拓展：communicate v. ①沟通 ②通信

听力扩展：
A: Why are you interested in working in personnel department?
B: I am good with people and have excellent communication skills.
A: Do you consider it a rewarding job?
B: Very much so.
A：你为什么喜欢在人事部门工作？
B：我擅长与人相处，交际能力强。
A：你觉得这项工作有意义吗？
B：非常有意义。

concern v. 关于，涉及，关系到；n. 关心的事，重要的事

例：The news concerns your brother. 这消息与你兄弟有关。That’s no concern of mine. 那不关我的事。搭配：as far as…is concerned就……而言：The measures are irrelevant as far as inflation is concerned. 就通货膨胀而言，这些措施无关紧要。have no concern with(正式)与……无关：Drama seemed to have no concern with “truth” at all. 戏剧似乎与“事实”毫无关系。拓展：concerned a. 忧虑的；concerning prep. 关于

听力扩展：He is suspected to be afflicted with cancer. Doctors are checking his body and the result will come out tomorrow. His bad health gives some cause for concern. It may be lung cancer. He loves smoking. Everyone of my family always asked him to give up, but he never cared. Some people know smoking is harmful to our health, but they still can’t give up smoking. 他被怀疑得了癌症。医生们正在为他做身体检查，结果明天会出来。他的健康很令人担心。可能是肺癌吧。他很爱抽烟，家里每个人都让他戒烟，但他总是不在乎。一些人明明知道抽烟有害健康，但是就是戒不了。 【注】suspected a. 可疑的，令人怀疑的；afflict v. 使痛苦，折磨

consumer n. 消费者，消耗者

例：Consumer demand grew steadily. 消费需求稳步增长。Enforcement of Consumer Protection Legislation. 强制执行消费者保护法。

create v. ①创造，设计 ②引起，产生

例：An artist should create beautiful things. 艺术家应该创造美的东西。That would create a wrong impression. 那将造成一种错误的印象。拓展：creation n. 创造，产生；creative a. 创造的，创造性的

听力扩展：
A: Certainly! If you got you clothes by yourself, you could show off in front of me. Once your parents leave you, you will be a useless man.
B: Maybe I am wrong. Sorry, I shouldn’t be rude just now. I see. We should depend on ourselves! We can create our future without our parents!
A：当然，如果这些衣服是你自己买的，你可以在我面前炫耀。一旦离开父母，你就是一个无用之人。
B：也许我错了。对不起，我刚刚不该那么粗鲁。我明白了，应该靠自己！我们可以自己独立创造未来。【注】rude a. 粗鲁的，鲁莽的

describe v. ①描写，叙述 ②把……说成

例：He described in detail how the accident happened. 他详细地叙述了事故发生的原委。He describes himself as a doctor. 他声称自己是医生。拓展：description n. 描写，叙述；descriptive a. 描述的，叙述的

easily ad. ①容易地 ②无疑，确实

例：You can find books easily in this library. 在这个图书馆找书很方便。That is easily the best TV program. 那无疑是最佳电视节目。

听力扩展：
A: Do you come to this club a lot?
B: I come here at least twice a week. My friends keep telling me I have to lose weight.
A: You’re kidding!
B: Yeah. But seriously speaking, if I don?t exercise, I easily gain weight.
A：你经常到这个俱乐部来吗？
B：每周至少来两次。朋友们老说我该减肥了。
A：你在开玩笑吧。
B：没有。说正经的，如果不锻炼，我很容易变胖的。

environment n. 环境

例：Children need a happy home environment. 孩子们需要愉快的家庭环境。It is highly important to preserve the environment. 保护自然环境至关重要。搭配： inhabited environment居住环境：We should protect our inhabited environment. 我们应该保护我们的居住环境。拓展：environmental a. 周围的，环境的

听力扩展：
A: I think the biggest environment problem in China is air pollution.
B: Yes, I agree. The air here is much more polluted than in my country. Of course, my country is more agricultural and has much less industry.
A：我觉得中国最大的环境问题是空气污染。
B：我同意。这里的空气污染比我的国家严重多了。当然，我的国家以农业为主，工业比重较小。

experience n. 经验，经历，阅历；v. 经历，体验

例：She had no experience of life at all. 她毫无生活经验。He’s a man who has experienced suffering. 他是一个吃过苦的人。搭配：experience of 在……方面有经验： Have you had any experience of teaching English? 你有过教英语的经历吗？拓展：experiment n. 实验，实践

expert n. ①专家 ②能手，熟练者；a. 内行的

例：She is an expert in training animals. 她是驯兽专家。Expert opinions are favorable to the project. 专家一致赞成这项工程。搭配：be expert at/in/on 在……是专家，能手：The cook was an expert at making sauces. 那位厨师是调制味汁的能手。

听力扩展：
W: Jack. I heard your message and found someone who is a computer expert for you. Is it Okay with you if he visits tomorrow morning at ten o?clock?
M: Sure. How about meeting at the cafe around the corner from the book store? I?ll bring my laptop.
女：杰克，我收到你的留言了。我帮你找了位电脑专家。他明天上午10点去拜访，可以吗？
男：当然可以。明天在书店转角的咖啡屋见面，好吗？我把笔记本电脑带过去。

following a. 接着的，下面的；n. 追随者

例：He did it for the following reasons. 他这样做有以下几个原因。The Prime Minister has a large following. 首相有一大批支持者。

听力扩展： The morning following the birth of our first child, my husband was mistakenly directed to the room of another new mother on the maternity floor. As he walked into the room, he bent over the napping mother, whose back was turned to him, and gave her a big kiss. The woman was startled to see a stranger. But before she could say anything, my husband smiled and said, “I didn?t know having a baby would change you this much!”上午，我们的第一个孩子出生后，我丈夫被带到产科病房，然而却弄错了房间。他走进房间，看到一个女子背对着他，正在小憩。他俯下身，吻了她。该名女子看到陌生人，吓了一跳。她还没来得及说话，我丈夫却笑着说：“我不知道生孩子会让你变化这么大！”【注】maternity floor 产科病房；startle v. 惊吓

individual a. 个人的，个体的，与众不同的；n. 个人，个体

例：She has her own individual style of doing things. 她有自己独特的行事风格。Exceptions can not be made for individuals. 对个人不能有例外。拓展：individually ad. 分别地，各个地

infer v. 推断，推论

例：I infer that my proposal has been accepted. 我推测我的建议已被接受。People inferred that so able a governor would make a good president. 人们推定，如此能干的州长定会成为一名好总统。搭配：infer from推出，得出：Infer a conclusion from the facts. 根据事实推断出结论。拓展：inferable a. 能推理的，能推论的；inference n. 推论information n. 信息，咨询

听力扩展：
M: Good afternoon. Hualong Hotel Corporate Reservations. May I help you?
W: Good afternoon. This is Stone PR department calling. My name is Debbie.
M: It’s nice to hear from you again, Ms. Debbie.
W: We have a delegation visiting us from the United States. I?d like to book ten standard suites and two deluxe rooms for a week, starting May 10th.
M: No problem. Could you tell me your guests? name now?
W: Sorry, I don?t have the name list of all our guests. I will inform you of the details after I get the exact names of the delegate.
男：下午好，这里是华隆宾馆团体预定处。很高兴为您效劳。
女：下午好，我是斯通公司公关部的黛比。
男：黛比小姐，很高兴又听到您的声音。
女：我们这里有一个美国代表团来访。我想预定10个标准间和两个豪华间，定期从5月10日开始，持续一周。
男：没问题。您现在能告诉我客人的姓名吗？
女：对不起，我还没有所有客人的名单。一拿到代表团成员名单，我就会把详情通知你。【注】deluxe a. 豪华的

involve v. ①使卷入 ②需要 ③专注，使忙于

例：Don’t involve me in your quarrel! 不要把我牵扯进你们的争吵中! His work involves occasional journeys. 他的工作偶尔需要出差。He was involved in writing his doctoral dissertation. 他在聚精会神地写博士论文。搭配：involve in 使……陷入困境：Don’t involve me in solving your problems! 你解决你的问题，不要把我拉进去！involve with 与……关系密切：He often sees her but doesn’t want to get too involved. 他常与她来往，但不愿与她过分亲近。拓展：involved a. ①复杂难懂的 ②有密切关系的

听力扩展：
A teacher was always so involved in the text being studied that he never looked up. He would call on a student for translation and explanation, and—without realizing it—he often chose the same student day after day. Out of respect, the student wouldn’t point this out to him.
After being called on four days in a row, a student named Goldberg asked advice from his friends. The next day when the teacher said, “Goldberg, translate and explain.” Goldberg replied, “Goldberg is absent today.”
“All right,” said the teacher, “you translate and explain.”
一位老师讲课时总是盯着课本，从不抬头。他常让学生翻译和解释课文，但总叫同一个学生。老师自己并未意识到这一点。出于尊敬，学生没有给他指出来。
一个叫古德伯格的学生，在被老师一连提问了四天之后，向他的朋友请教解决方法。第二天，教师又说：“古德伯格，翻译并解释课文。”古德伯格回答说：“古德伯格今天缺席。”
“那好，”老师说：“你来翻译解释吧。”

lead v. (led, led) ①带领 ②导致 ③通向；n. 榜样

例：She led me into the drawing-room. 她带我进入客厅。All the children followed his lead. 孩子们都以他为学习的榜样。搭配： lead to 导致，引起： One careless move may lead to the loss of the entire game. 一招不慎，满盘皆输。mislead v. 使误解，把……带错路；拓展：leading a. 最重要的，主要的

likely a. ①很可能的 ②适当的，正合要求的；ad. 很可能

例：John is likely to be in London this autumn. 今年秋天约翰可能在伦敦。The park is a likely place for the picnic. 公园倒是个适合野餐的地方。We will most likely be late. 我们很有可能会迟到。搭配：not likely (非正式)当然不，我不干：“Are you going home?” “Not likely!” “你要回家吗？”“当然不！”as likely as not 很可能：I won’t take their pills, because as likely as not they’d poison me. 我才不吃他们的药呢，他们很有可能要毒死我。

听力扩展：I’m not in favor of it. I think women should accept their traditional role of being housewives. Women and men have different advantages. Women are generally tender and considerate, so are suitable for caring for kids and so on. But because they?re oftentimes too emotional, they’re not likely to be as successful in the professional world. 我不赞成，我认为妇女应当接受她们传统的角色，做家庭妇女。女人和男人有各自不同的优势。女性通常温柔体贴，所以适合照顾孩子等等。但是她们常常感情用事，所以不太可能在职场上取得和男性一样的成功。【注】oftentimes ad. 时常地；emotional a. 感情上的，易动情的

major a. ①较大的 ②一流的 ③主修的；v. 主修，专攻

例：The house needs major repairs. 这幢房子需要大修。He is a major writer. 他是著名的作家。He majors in math. 他主修数学。拓展：majority n. 大多数

means n. ①方法，手段 ②财产，财力

例：It is all a means to an end. 这只是达到目的的一种手段。He is living beyond his means. 他入不敷出。搭配：by all means 无论如何，必定：Try by all means to save the dying. 一定要尽力抢救那个垂危的病人。by means of借助于，用：They succeeded by means of perseverance. 他们不懈努力，最终获得成功。by no means决不，一点儿也不：She is by no means stupid. 她一点儿也不笨。拓展：mean a. 吝啬的，卑鄙的；v. 意图，意味

opportunity n. 机会，良机

例：There may be an opportunity for you to see the chairman of the board tomorrow. 明天你也许有机会见到董事长。Opportunity kicks but once. 机会难再。搭配：opportunity knocks 成功的机会来了： Opportunity knocks! Let’s work hard together! 成功的机会来了，让我们一起努力吧！

听力扩展： Just like you need air to breathe, you need opportunity to succeed. However, it takes more than just breathing in the fresh air of opportunity. You must make use of that opportunity. That?s not up to the opportunity. That?s up to you. It doesn?t matter which “floor” the opportunity is on, but the importance is what you do with it.正如你需要呼吸空气一样，你需要机会才能成功，然而成功靠的并不仅仅是随手可得的机会。你必须利用机会。成功并不取决于机会，而是取决于你。重要的并不是你在哪一个阶段遇见机会，而是面对机会你是如何把握的。

paragraph n. ①段 ②短讯；v. 将……分段

例：Translate the following paragraphs into Chinese. 将下列各段译成中文。Did you see the paragraph about the stock market? 你有没有看到有关股票市场的短讯？Paragraph this text. 将这篇文章分段。

present a.①出席的，在场的 ②当前的；n. 赠品； v. 给, 赠送

例：I’m not at all satisfied with the present situation. 我对目前的情况一点儿都不满意。He often gave his neighbor’s kids little presents. 他常常送些小礼物给邻居的孩子。They presented him with a bunch of flowers. 他们献给他一束鲜花。搭配： (there is) no time like the present 现在是最好时机：“When do you want me to leave?” “No time like the present.” “你想让我什么时候离开？”“就现在。”at present现在，马上：At present, more and more people are interested in Internet. 目前，越来越多的人对互联网感兴趣。拓展：presence n. 出席，存在

process n. ①过程，进程 ②制作法

例：I will tell you, sooner or later, all the complicated process. 我早晚会将整个复杂过程告诉你。 They are using a new process to make glass. 他们正在用一种新方法制造玻璃。搭配：be in the process of doing sth. 在……的进程中：A hurricane was in the process of devastating South Carolina. 一股飓风正在向南卡罗来纳州移动。in the process 在此过程中：She would make him pay for this, even if she killed herself in the process. 即使牺牲她的生命，她也要让他为此付出代价。

product n. ①产品，产物 ②结果 ③乘积

例：Today’s housing problems are the product of years of neglect. 今天的住房困难是多年来忽视的结果。The product of 4 and 10 is 40. 四与十的乘积是四十。拓展：production n. 产品，生产；productive a. 生产的，能产的，多产的

听力扩展：
A: That’s a very wide question. But to put it in a very simple term, one of the objects of market research is to find out whether there?s a market for that product and whether we can sell that product in the market.
B: Who does this kind of job then?
A: Sometimes we carry out our own research, but for major products where development costs are likely to be high, we employ specialists.
A：这个问题覆盖面很广。简单地说，市场调研的目标之一就是找出这种产品是否有市场，在市场上是否能出售这种产品。
B：那么谁做这种工作呢？
A：有时候我们自己进行调研，但对于那些开发费用高的重要产品，则请专家调研。

promote v. ①晋升 ②宣传，推销(商品等)

例：He certainly ought to be promoted. 他应该升职。The Prime Minister?s visit will promote the cooperation between the two countries. 首相的访问将促进两国间的合作。promote to 提升为：They promoted him to be a general. 他们将他提拔为将军。拓展：promotion n. 促进，提升

听力扩展：
A: Hi, I have good news to tell you.
B: What is it?
A: You are going to be promoted as the manager assistant.
B: Really?
A: Yes, they are going to promote you.
B: What an honor this is!
A: We have quite a bit of confidence in you.
B: Thank you so much. That means a lot to me.
A：嗨，我有个好消息要告诉你。
B：什么消息？
A：你就要被提拔做经理助理啦。
B：真的吗?
A：是真的，他们就要提拔你了。
B：这是很高的荣誉。
A：我们对你很有信心。
B：非常感谢，这对我来说很重要。

rate n. ①比例 ②速度 ③费用，价格

例：The unemployment rate is rising in that country. 那个国家的失业率正在攀升。The car was going at the rate of 60 miles an hour. 汽车以每小时六十英里的速度行驶。搭配：at this rate 照这种情形：At this rate, I won’t have a job to go back to. 这样的话，我就没有工作可干了。at any rate 无论如何：At any rate, they must finish the homework in two days. 无论如何，他们必须在两天之内完成家庭作业。

reason n. 原因，道理；v. 推理

例：I reasoned that since she had not answered my letter she must be angry with me. 我想她没有给我回信，一定是在生我的气。for some reason 不知什么原因，不知何故：For some reason he likes you. 不知为什么他喜欢你。by reason of 因为：She was excused by reason of her age. 她因年事已高而得到宽恕。拓展：reasonable a. 讲理的，合情合理的

replace v. ①把……放回(原处) ②取代，以……代替

例：She replaced the receiver. 她将听筒放了回去。Electric lights have replaced candles. 电灯已经取代了蜡烛。搭配：replace with/by 用……代替：They replaced trams by buses. 他们用公共汽车代替了电车。拓展：replaceable a. 可代替的

听力扩展：
A: I feel terrible, but I’ve just broken your vase. Can I make this up to you?
B: No need to do that.
A:I don’t know what to say. I’d like to replace it.
B: No. It’s out of the question.
A：对不起，我把花瓶打碎了。我赔你好吗？
B：没必要。
A：我不知道该说什么好，我会给你换一个。
B：不用，没事的。

result v. 导致，产生；n. 结果，战绩

例：His failure resulted largely from his laziness. 他的失败主要是懒惰所致。They worked without result. 他们徒劳无功。搭配：result in 导致，结果：The accident resulted in the death of two passengers. 这起事故导致两名乘客丧生。result from 起因于： His illness resulted from bad food. 他的病是由于吃了变质的食物所致。

听力扩展：
Mother: Why were you kept after school today, Johnny?
Johnny: Teacher told us to write an essay of “the result on laziness”, and I turned in a blank sheet paper.
妈妈：约翰尼，你今天放学以后为什么被留下了？
约翰尼：老师叫我们写一篇题为《懒惰的结果》的作文，我交了一张白卷。

role n. ①角色 ②任务

例：She played the leading role in the school play. 她在学校戏剧演出中担任主角。He denied any role in the robbery. 他否认曾参与这起抢劫案。搭配：play an important role 发挥重要作用：The headmaster plays an important role in the good running of a school. 办好一所学校，校长起重要作用。

听力扩展： Learning English is just like driving a car. All you have to do is to practice and don’t be afraid of making mistakes. Because the more mistakes you make, the quicker you can learn English well. Just take your time. I’m always glad to help and don’t forget that language is not about those words or grammar rules. Cultural background plays a vital role as well.学英语就像开车一样。你需要做的就是练习，别怕犯错误。犯的错误越多，就越能快速学好英语。 别着急，我会帮你的。别忘了语言不仅仅是单词加语法，文化背景也很重要。【注】 vital a. 重要的

social a. ①社会的 ②社交的，联谊的

例：Opinions on various social problems differ from person to person. 人们对社会问题的看法不尽相同。George stayed out of the social life of the school. 乔治置身于该校社交生活之外。搭配：a social person合群的人：He isn’t a very social person. 他很不合群。拓展：sociable a. 随和的

stress n. 压力，重要性；v. ①强调 ②加压力于，使紧张

例：Susan was completely weighed down by the stress of examinations. 苏珊被考试压垮了。The weight of snow stressed the roof to the point of collapsing. 积雪压得屋顶快要塌了。搭配：stress on sth. 强调：She plays great stress on punctuality, and regards it as very important. 她强调准时，认为这很重要。拓展：stressful a. 有压力的

听力扩展： Thank you for your interest. The position is still available. Have you already sent your resume to us? It is quite urgent for us to fill this position now. And I would like to stress that English is a must because of the international contacts and most likely traveling abroad very soon. If all this is not a problem for you, I recommend you to mention this in your resume.感谢你的关注。这个职位仍然空缺。你给我们公司发简历了吗？ 现在我们很需要人来做这个工作。我想强调的是英语很重要。因为我们需要处理国际业务，并且很快要去国外出差。如果语言不是问题，建议你在简历中注明这一点。【注】urgent a. 紧急的，急迫的

system n. 系统，制度，方法

例：They are devising a road system. 他们在设计道路系统。The present system of education needs to be improved. 目前的教育制度需要改进。搭配：get sth. out of one’s system (非正式)消除疲劳（或烦恼）：Yelling is an ace way of getting stress out of your system. 大声叫喊是消除压力的有效方法。

tend v. ①趋向，易于 ②照管，管理
例：Prices are tending upwards. 物价趋涨。A shepherd tended the sheep. 牧羊人照顾羊群。搭配：tend to 趋向，朝某方向：The wind is tending to the south. 风势转向南。拓展：tendency n. 倾向，趋势

听力扩展：We tend to assume that if we work hard and save money then one day we will end up wealthy. This is wishful thinking. We are more likely to end up with some modest but useful savings. If you want to accumulate serious wealth then there need to be a number of approaches and efforts.我们往往认为，如果我们努力工作，节省资金，最终总会富裕。然而，这只是一厢情愿。结果往往是我们有适度的存储，且物有所用。如果你想积累大笔财富，那么还需要更多的方法和付出更大的努力。【注】accumulate v. 积累；approach n. 方法

view n. ①风景 ②看法，意见；v. 认为，考虑

例：She expresses the view that he is a fool. 她认为他是个傻瓜。We can view the problem in many ways. 我们可以从多方面来考虑这一问题。搭配：view on 对……的看法：What is your view on her resignation? 你对她的辞职有什么看法？have (keep) sth. in view 对某事有清晰的打算或计划：Keep your career aims constantly in view. 要时刻牢记自己在事业上的目标。

听力扩展：It’s not a very expensive apartment. It’s in the right area and it has everything that we are looking for. The rooms are quite large too. I love the balcony. We can sit outside and enjoy the sun in summer. We are on the 11th floor, so there’s a very nice view from the balcony. The neighborhood is nice too. There is a park nearby.这套公寓价格适中，位置好，符合我们的要求。房间很大。我特别喜欢它的露天阳台，可以坐在外边欣赏夏日的太阳。公寓在11层，阳台上的风景很美。周围环境也不错，附近还有个公园。