Part IV Cloze (15 minutes)

A land free from destruction, plus wealth, natural resources, and labor supply—all these were important __71__ in helping England to become the center for the Industrial Revolution. __72__ they were not enough. Something __73__ was needed to start the industrial process. That “something special” was men-__74__ individuals who could invent machines, find new __75__ of power, and establish business organizations to reshape society.

The men who __76__ the machines of the Industrial Revolution __77__ from many backgrounds and many occupations. Many of them were __78__ inventors than scientists. A man who is a __79__ scientist is primarily interested in doing his research __80__. He is not necessarily working __81__ that his findings can be used.

An inventor or one interested in applied science is __82__ trying to make something that has a concrete __83__. He may try to solve a problem by using the theories __84__ science or by experimenting through trial and error. Regardless of his method, he is working to obtain a __85__ result: the construction of a harvesting machine, the burning of a light bulb, or one of __86__ other objectives.

Most of the people who __87__ the machines of the Industrial Revolution were inventors, not trained scientists. A few were both scientists and inventors. Even those who had __88__ or no training in science might not have made their inventions __89__ a groundwork had not been laid by scientists years __90__.

71. A) cases
B) reasons
C) factors
D) situations（C）

72. A) But
B) And
C) Besides
D) Even（A）

73. A) else
B) near
C) extra
D) similar（A）

74. A) generating
B) effective
C) motivation
D) creative（D）

75. A) origins
B) sources
C) bases
D) discoveries（B）

76. A) employed
B) created
C) operated
D) controlled（B）

77. A) came
B) arrived
C) stemmed
D) appeared（A）

78. A) less
B) better
C) more
D) worse（C）

79. A) genuine
B) practical
C) pure
D) clever（C）

80. A) happily
B) occasionally
C) reluctantly
D) accurately（D）

81. A) now
B) and
C) all
D) so（D）

82. A) seldom
B) sometimes
C) usually
D) never（C）

83. A) plan
B) use
C) idea
D) means（B）

84. A) of
B) with
C) to
D) as（A）

85. A) single
B) sole
C) specialized
D) specific（D）

86. A) few
B) those
C) many
D) all（C）

87. A) proposed
B) developed
C) supplied
D) offered（B）

88. A) little
B) much
C) some
D) any（A）

89. A) as
B) if
C) because
D) while（B）

90. A) ago
B) past
C) ahead
D) before（D）