语法讲解

谓语动词构成：I /we/you/they work , he/she/it works

(1) 表示经常发生或习惯性的动作或状态

My father always reads newspaper after breakfast.我父亲总是在早餐后读报纸.

We often write to each other.我们时常相互通信.

(2) 表示主语现在的性格、特征和能力

He works hard.他努力工作.

Does he like sports? 他喜欢体育运动吗?

(3) 表示客观事实或普遍真理

The sun rises in the east.太阳从东方升起.

After summer comes autumn.秋天在夏天之后.

(4) 表示按计划、规定或时间表将要发生的事

He starts next week.他下个星期出发.

The train starts at 10 o’clock in the morning.火车将在早上10点开出.

(5) 用于状语从句代替一般将来时

I will tell him about it as soon as i see him next Monday.

下个周一我见到他时马上告诉他.

I will get everything ready before my boss comes back.

我要在老板回来之前把一切都准备妥当.

(6) 有些动词即使表示现在的动作也不能用现在进行时，也只能用一般现在时

I tell you the truth, i hate to do it.说实话,我讨厌那样做.

I hope the weather would fine.我希望天气会晴朗.

I am looking into the room, and i see a strange man in it.

我往房间里看,看到了房间里一个陌生的男子.

(7) 和here、there 连用

Here comes the bus.公共汽车来了.

There goes the bell.铃声响了.

(8) 一些固定表达发

I promise/ advise / insist/ agree/ refuse/ suggest……

我允诺/建议/强调/同意/拒绝/建议……

(9) 描述过去时间的事实。多见于口述或叙述文，以增加生动很真实

He says the river rises higher and higher, breaks the bank and is filling all low place.他说河水越涨越高，漫过河岸，淹没低洼地.

专项练习

一、 单选
1 Jenny ____ in an office. Her parents ____in a hospital.
A work works B works work C work are working D is working work
2 One of the boys_____ a black hat.
A have B there is C there are D has

3 We will go shopping if it____ tomorrow.
A don't rain Bdidn't rain Cdoesn't rain Disn't rain

4 He said the sun ____in the east and ____in the west.
A rose; set B rises; sets C rises, set D rise; sets

5 Wang Mei ____ music and often ____ to music.
A like; listen B likes; listens C like; are listening D liking ; listen

6 Jenny____ English every evening.
A has study B studies C study D studied

答案：1 B 2D 3C 4B 5B 6B

二、填空

1 I can take Li Ming there when he _____ ( come) to visit.

2 _____your sister_____(know)English?

3Her home____ _____ ______(远离 )her school.

4The pot_____(not look) like yours very much.

5 Where _____you____(have)lunch every day?

6 Who_____(想要 )to go swimming?

7 ______she_____(do) the housework every day?

8 Jenny and Danny usually______(play) games in the afternoon .

答案：1 comes 2 Does know 3 is away from 4 doesn't look
5 do have 6 wants 7 does do 8 play

二、单三人称形式易出错

例：1 He plaies (play) football very well.

2 Danny gos (go) to school at 7:10.

答案：1 plays 2 goes

解析：1以辅音字母加y结尾的动词变单三人称形式才能把y换成i再加es；2与名词变复数不同，变单三人称形式以o结尾的词要加es.

三、在句式变换时易出错

例：1 Does Jenny has (has) a good friend?

2 Brian doesn’t lives (not live) in China.

答案：1 Does have 2 doesn’t live

解析：单三人称做主语的一般现在时做句式变化时，可记住如下口诀：“见助动，用原形”。此口诀也可推广用于一般过去时态中。e.g. He didn't go home yesterday.

四、对do的理解易出错

例：We don’t (not do) our homework in the afternoon.

答案：don’t do

解析：do是一个比较难理解的词，它有三个含义: a)是所有行为动词的总称；b)是助动词，无实义；c)是一个具体的行为动词“做，干”。此句中给出的do指“做，干”，not指把此句变为否定句，故须在do前加助动词don’t。

五、对主语的数判断有误

例： Li Ming with me are (be) in Beijing.

答案: is

解析:表面一看是“我和李明两个人在北京”，但with在此做伴随状语，不能做主语，故用is.

另外，宾语从句中，从句部分若是表示客观真理，不管主句是何时态，从句都要用一般现在时；在时间和条件状语从句中，主句表将来，从句要用一般现在时。