白易礼:大学英语四级考试语法笔记36
日期:2008-10-18 22:57

(单词翻译:单击)

  5. 以上句型可以转换成以下形式:
  1)条件状语从句省略if:在书面语中,如果条件状语从句的谓语中有were, had 或should, 就可以省略if, 并将were, had 或should 放到句首,谓语主语之前,用 “Were/Had/Should + 主语”的形式。这种虚拟语气在意义上与带if 的条件状语从句相同。当然,如果从句没有were, had, 或should,就不能省略if.
  Now let’s look at some examples:
  If I were to do it, I’d do it some other way. →Were I to do it, I’d do it some other way.
  If you should fail, try again. →Should you fail, try again.
  If you had been here earlier, you would have seen him. →Had you been here earlier, you would have seen him.
  但是,If you came tomorrow, we would have the meeting.这句话if 就不能省略。
  而且,在虚拟条件状语从句中,省略了if的倒装形式的句首不能用动词的缩略形式。如我们可以说:
  Were it not for the expense, I would go to Italy.
  但不能说:Weren’t it for the expense, I would go to Italy.
  Please do not use “if”:
  如果我是你,我每天早上就早起床。
  Were I you, I would get up early every morning.
  假如你昨天早十分钟到达火车站,你就赶上火车了。
  Had you arrived at the station ten minutes earlier yesterday, you could have caught the train.
  要是明天有会议,我就会来。
  Should there be a meeting, I would come.
  2)用介词短语代替条件状语从句。(可以改为条件状语从句)。例如:
  Without air, there would be no living things.
  But for your help, I couldn’t have done it.
  Without electricity human life would be quite different today.
  Now let’s do some translation. 请用介词短语代替条件状语从句。
  要不是你的帮助,我就失败了。
  But for (except, without) your help, I would have failed.
  如果没有恰当的控制手段,核反应堆就会爆炸。
  Without proper means of control, a nuclear reactor would explode.
  3)用其他方式代替条件状语从句(可以改写为条件状语从句。)例如:
  It would produce bad results to do that. 用动词不定式 =If you did that/should do that, it would produce bad results.
  She would have come, but she wasn’t informed, nor invited. (用but.)=She would have come, if she had been informed or invited.
  A more responsible person would not have left the work half done. 一个更负责的人是不会把工作做到一半就不管的。(用比较级) =If you (he, she) were more responsible, you (he, she) would not have left the work half done.
  Now let’s do some translation:
  聪明一点的人是不会干出这等蠢事的。
  A wiser man would not have done such a foolish thing.
  我应该早点写完这封信,但我一直很忙。
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重点单词
  • explodevt. 爆炸,驳倒 vi. 爆炸,爆发(感情),激增 [
  • minutesn. 会议记录,(复数)分钟
  • exceptvt. 除,除外 prep. & conj. 除了 ..
  • producen. 产品,农作物 vt. 生产,提出,引起,分娩,制片
  • controln. 克制,控制,管制,操作装置 vt. 控制,掌管,支
  • informedadj. 见多识广的 v. 通告,告发 vbl. 通告,