Public speaking is a regular — and regularly feared — part of life, so it's important to refine your skills. Here are four tips to help you polish your public speaking.
　　公众演讲是经常要做的事，也是生活中经常让人胆怯的一件事，所以提高演讲能力很重要。下面有四个小建议可以帮你。
　　1. Assess yourself. What part of public speaking makes you nervous? Where have you slipped up in the past? One reason public speaking is so nerve-racking is because there's so much to manage — your presence, your words, your delivery, and your reaction. Determine your weakest points, from stuttering to stiff hands, in order to tailor your speech improvement.
　　1. 评估自己。公众演讲的哪部分会让你紧张？你以前在哪里出过差错？很多人会在公众演讲时感到紧张是因为他们想要控制太多的东西，包括仪态、语言、传达的信息和反应。为了有针对性的提高演讲能力，你需要判断出自己最薄弱的地方。
　　2. Find opportunities to practice. It's hard to feel confident about speaking if it's something you rarely do, so look for the chance to polish your technique in everyday life. At a dinner party? Offer to give the toast. Working on a new project at the office? Present it at the weekly staff meeting. Public speaking is like anything else: the more you do it, the better you'll become.
　　2. 找机会练习。如果你不经常演讲，那演讲时就不容易产生自信。所以在日常生活中要找机会练习演讲技能。要出席晚宴？主动请缨做司仪吧。办公室接手了新项目？在每周的员工例会上做汇报吧。公众演讲就像其他任何事一样，需要熟能生巧。
　　3. Dress the part. Confidence is crucial, and you'll be much more sure of yourself if you know that your appearance conveys a sense of authority. It's important to look put-together, and the focus should be on your words, not your outfit.
　　3. 注重穿着。自信很关键，而且当你知道自己穿着传达出“权威”的信息时，你也会更相信自己。合适的着装非常重要，而且（听众的）注意力应该集中在你的言语上，而不是你的服装上。
　　4. Prepare, prepare, prepare. Begin with standard prep techniques, like writing note cards and practicing in front of your friends, but also take the time to do some research. Find out as much as you can about your audience, the environment, and the tools and media that will be available. Most importantly, be sure that you're achieving what was asked of you — confirm that you're answering the right question and fulfilling the expectations of your audience.
　　4. 精心准备。以标准的演讲技巧开始准备，比方说写提示卡和在朋友面前练习，但是也要花点时间做调查。尽你所能找出有关听众、环境、工具和可用媒体的信息。最重要的是，你要确保在演讲时回答了听众所提出的问题，满足了听众的需求。
　　Above all else, learn to relax. Everyone understands the stress and pressure involved with public speaking, so know that your audience will be empathetic toward your efforts. Just remember the basics — to stand up straight, smile, and make eye contact — and be yourself, because genuine enthusiasm are key to making great connections.
　　无论如何，提高演讲能力的首要要素还是放松。每个人都理解公众演讲时的压力，所以听众也会对你所做出的努力报以尊重。只要记住基本的原则——站直、微笑、眼神接触——并且做你自己，因为真诚的热情是促进良好交流的关键。