(单词翻译:单击)
Scientists have learned a lot about the health of the Great Barrier Reef over the last decade, especially how warming ocean waters are harming the world's largest living structure.
过去十年里，科学家们对世界上最大的生物结构，大堡礁的健康状况有了更多了解，特别是海水变暖对大堡礁的影响。
The vast majority of the reef has been challenged in the last 10 years.
过去十年里，绝大部分大堡礁都受到了损害。
Much of the damage has come from mass coral bleaching.
大规模珊瑚白化是损害的主要原因。
Bleaching rubs corals off their food source, leading to starvation and death.
珊瑚白化是珊瑚失去食物来源造成的，会导致珊瑚失去营养供应并死亡。
There have been four wide-scale bleaching events since 2016.
自2016年以来，已经发生了四次大规模的珊瑚白化事件。
They're becoming more frequent, giving the reef less time to recover.
珊瑚白化越来越频繁，供珊瑚礁恢复的时间越来越短。
Scientists know that even if we address climate change today, our oceans will continue to warm for some time before any benefits are realized.
科学家们知道，即使我们现在解决了气候变化问题，在益处显现之前，海洋仍将在一段时间内继续变暖。
So they're focusing on finding ways to better protect corals by helping them to adapt to extreme conditions become less stressed and more resilient.
因此，科学家们正专注于寻找更好地保护珊瑚的方法，以帮助它们适应极端条件，减少它们的压力，并让它们更具韧性。
Researchers at the Australian Institute of Marine Science have been raising young corals in extreme conditions, including higher temperatures and higher acidity levels, a byproduct of increased carbon dioxide in the atmosphere which oceans absorb.
澳大利亚海洋科学研究所的研究人员一直在培育珊瑚幼体在极端条件下的生存能力，包括让珊瑚处于温度和酸度更高的环境下，这些情况是海洋吸收了更多大气中的二氧化碳导致的。
Testing whether we can enhance the tolerance of offspring by exposing baby corals and the parents to future climate stress.
测试我们是否可以让珊瑚幼体和繁育它们的珊瑚处于未来的气候压力下，以此来提高珊瑚后代对极端环境的耐受性。
That includes selectively breeding these heat tolerant corals and using genetics to help populations better adapt.
测试包括有选择地培育耐热珊瑚，并利用遗传学帮助种群更好地适应环境。
Those young corals are being transplanted onto reefs through technology that helps protect them from competing organisms and grazing fish.
科学家正利用相关技术将这些珊瑚幼体移植到珊瑚礁上，保护它们免受有竞争关系的生物和食草鱼的伤害。
Researchers are also working with probiotics to boost the health of young corals.
研究人员还在研究能够增强珊瑚幼体健康状况的益生菌。
There is indications that potentially by altering their microbiomes we can increase their resilience to disease and stress.
有迹象表明，我们可以通过改变珊瑚礁的微生物群，提高它们对疾病和压力的抵抗力。
Another technology being tested here involves a kind of reef sunscreen to help reduce the harmful effects from sunlight.
正在测试的另一项技术是一种珊瑚礁防晒霜，有利于减少阳光对珊瑚礁的有害影响。
They're seeing too much light and they're seeing too much heat.
珊瑚礁接收到的光和热太多了。
The amount of oxidative stress within the tissues just like when you get a cold or a flu corals are basically going through a really severe fever.
珊瑚组织中的氧化应激就像感冒或流感一样，对珊瑚来说，基本上就是非常严重的发烧。
Scientists say one of the keys to helping reefs recover is a better understanding of the breeding process of corals.
科学家表示，帮助珊瑚礁恢复的关键之一是更好地了解珊瑚的繁殖过程。
That's why they've created this room where they've successfully tricked corals into thinking it's their spawning season which usually happens only once a year.
这就是他们开辟了这个房间的原因，在这个房间里，科学家成功地欺骗了珊瑚，让它们认为现在是珊瑚的产卵季节，而珊瑚通常一年只产卵一次。
These have been raised in captivity their entire lives.
这些珊瑚一生都是在人工培育下长大的。
They've never seen the reef, they've never even seen the outdoor light.
他们从来没有见过珊瑚礁，甚至从来没有接触过户外的光线。
Getting these to spawn which we've done and settle into juvenile coral means we've created an F2 generation and closed the life cycle of four species of coral in captivity.
让这些珊瑚成功产卵，以及珊瑚幼体培育工作的有序进行意味着我们已经创造出了F2代珊瑚，并完成了四种人工培育珊瑚的全生命周期培养。
Scientists hope the techniques being developed and implemented here will benefit other reefs around the world that are also being impacted by climate change.
科学家们希望，这里正在开发和实施的技术能够让世界各地其它同样受到气候变化影响的珊瑚礁受益。
Greg Navarro, CGTN, Sydney.
CGTN，格雷格·纳瓦罗悉尼报道。
