商务写作指南 易混淆词汇辨析(1)
日期:2014-11-18 17:11
(单词翻译:单击)
1.affect vs effect
两个“影响”辨析
Affect and effect are two words that are commonly confused. Affect is usually a verb (action); effect is usually a noun (thing).
Affect和effect这两个词语经常被混淆。Affect通常用作动词，表示某种行为，而effect常用作名词，表示某事。
Hint: If it’s something you’re going to do, use "affect." If it’s something you’ve already done, use "effect."
提示：如果某事是你正打算要去做的，那么用affect；如果某事是你已经做完了的，那么就用effect。
To affect something or someone.
“影响”某事或某人
Example 1: The noise outside affected my performance.
例1：外面的噪音影响了我的发挥。
Example 2: Staying away so long from office will affect promotion.
例2：长期离职会影响晋级。
The use of "effect" as a verb is what causes the most confusion between these two words.
effect用作动词时，最容易和affect造成混淆。
To have an effect on something or someone.
对某事或某人有“影响”
Note: effect is followed by the preposition on and preceded by an article (an, the)
注意：effect前面一般要有冠词a/the，effect后面通常要加介词on。
Example 1: His smile had a strange effect on me.
例1：他的笑容对我有一种奇怪的影响。
Example 2: Parents worry about the effect of music on their adolescent’s behavior.
例2：家长们担心音乐对于其青少年子女行为的影响。
2.some time / sometime vs sometimes
一段时间、某时和有时的辨析
Some time means a period of time.
Some time表示一段时间。
Example 1: The government still has sufficient instruments and still some time to move on this question.
例1：政府仍然有足够的工具和时间来应对这个问题。
Example 2: I think Jenny and I need some time right now anyway.
例2：反正我和珍妮需要一点时间。
Sometime indicates a time in the future or the past which is not known or not stated.
Sometime表示未来或者过去的某个时间，而这个时间目前还未知或者没有表述清楚。
Example 1: They hoped to meet up sometime.
例1：他们希望能找个时间见个面。
Example 2: The sales figures won’t be released until sometime next month.
例2：销售数据要到下个月的某个时候才会公布。
Sometimes means on some occasions but not always or often.
Sometimes指的是有时，但并不经常，表示频率。
Example 1: During the summer, my skin sometimes gets greasy.
例1：夏天我的皮肤有时会变得爱出油。
Example 2: I differed with my partner sometimes,but we usually agree.
例2：我有时与我的伙伴争论，但我们通常是一致的。
3.e.g vs i.e“
例如”和“也就是”的辨析
e.g. stands for exempli gratia = for example.
e.g.是拉丁语exempli gratia的简写，表示“例如”，用于举例说明。
Example: "I like fast cars, e.g. Ferrari and Porche".
例句：我喜欢跑车，比如法拉利和保时捷。
In the sentence above you are simply giving an example of the kinds of cars you like - Ferraris and Porches.
在上述例句中，e.g.后要加你喜欢的车子的类型，即法拉利和保时捷。
i.e. stands for id est = that is (in explanation).
i.e.是拉丁语id est的简写，表示“也就是、即”的意思，用于解释说明。
Example: "I like fast cars, i.e. any car that can go over 150mph."
例句：我喜欢跑车，也就是时速超过150英里的车子。
In this second sentence you are giving an explanation of what you consider to be fast.
在第二句例句中，i.e.后是对跑车的说明，即你认为的跑车是多快的车子。
两个“影响”辨析
Affect and effect are two words that are commonly confused. Affect is usually a verb (action); effect is usually a noun (thing).
Affect和effect这两个词语经常被混淆。Affect通常用作动词，表示某种行为，而effect常用作名词，表示某事。
Hint: If it’s something you’re going to do, use "affect." If it’s something you’ve already done, use "effect."
提示：如果某事是你正打算要去做的，那么用affect；如果某事是你已经做完了的，那么就用effect。
To affect something or someone.
“影响”某事或某人
Example 1: The noise outside affected my performance.
例1：外面的噪音影响了我的发挥。
Example 2: Staying away so long from office will affect promotion.
例2：长期离职会影响晋级。
The use of "effect" as a verb is what causes the most confusion between these two words.
effect用作动词时，最容易和affect造成混淆。
To have an effect on something or someone.
对某事或某人有“影响”
Note: effect is followed by the preposition on and preceded by an article (an, the)
注意：effect前面一般要有冠词a/the，effect后面通常要加介词on。
Example 1: His smile had a strange effect on me.
例1：他的笑容对我有一种奇怪的影响。
Example 2: Parents worry about the effect of music on their adolescent’s behavior.
例2：家长们担心音乐对于其青少年子女行为的影响。
2.some time / sometime vs sometimes
一段时间、某时和有时的辨析
Some time means a period of time.
Some time表示一段时间。
Example 1: The government still has sufficient instruments and still some time to move on this question.
例1：政府仍然有足够的工具和时间来应对这个问题。
Example 2: I think Jenny and I need some time right now anyway.
例2：反正我和珍妮需要一点时间。
Sometime indicates a time in the future or the past which is not known or not stated.
Sometime表示未来或者过去的某个时间，而这个时间目前还未知或者没有表述清楚。
Example 1: They hoped to meet up sometime.
例1：他们希望能找个时间见个面。
Example 2: The sales figures won’t be released until sometime next month.
例2：销售数据要到下个月的某个时候才会公布。
Sometimes means on some occasions but not always or often.
Sometimes指的是有时，但并不经常，表示频率。
Example 1: During the summer, my skin sometimes gets greasy.
例1：夏天我的皮肤有时会变得爱出油。
Example 2: I differed with my partner sometimes,but we usually agree.
例2：我有时与我的伙伴争论，但我们通常是一致的。
3.e.g vs i.e“
例如”和“也就是”的辨析
e.g. stands for exempli gratia = for example.
e.g.是拉丁语exempli gratia的简写，表示“例如”，用于举例说明。
Example: "I like fast cars, e.g. Ferrari and Porche".
例句：我喜欢跑车，比如法拉利和保时捷。
In the sentence above you are simply giving an example of the kinds of cars you like - Ferraris and Porches.
在上述例句中，e.g.后要加你喜欢的车子的类型，即法拉利和保时捷。
i.e. stands for id est = that is (in explanation).
i.e.是拉丁语id est的简写，表示“也就是、即”的意思，用于解释说明。
Example: "I like fast cars, i.e. any car that can go over 150mph."
例句：我喜欢跑车，也就是时速超过150英里的车子。
In this second sentence you are giving an explanation of what you consider to be fast.
在第二句例句中，i.e.后是对跑车的说明，即你认为的跑车是多快的车子。
重点单词
