13 Many senior managers feel that organisations have difficulties innovating because of
　　A a poor level of skills among employees.
　　B an emphasis on rapid achievement.
　　C an increased risk associated with change.
　　D an insistence on a standard company philosophy.
　　14 According to the writer, many organisations today are
　　A finding it easier to introduce a creative approach.
　　B having problems understanding innovation as a concept.
　　C actively developing the conditions for a creative approach.
　　D resisting innovative staff suggestions.
　　15 In the third paragraph, Katrina Murray expresses the view that
　　A top management must dictate the pace of change.
　　B some employees lack a commitment to change.
　　C most organisations are incapable of bringing about effective change.
　　D some senior managers underestimate the role they can play in achieving change.
　　16 Alex Sadowski and Katrina Murray agree that to be truly innovative, organisations must
　　A invest in the right managers.
　　B place less emphasis on financial considerations.
　　C have a double focus to their policies.
　　D adopt an approach with clearly defined stages.
　　17 According to the survey, which of the following strategies has been introduced to encourage creativity?
　　A a greater acceptance of error
　　B financial rewards for higher levels of creativity
　　C the introduction of specific performance targets
　　D the promotion of creative individuals to senior posts
　　15 Tom Robertson believes that, in the future, it will be difficult to achieve
　　A an educational system that encourages creativity.
　　B a combination of practices that promote creativity.
　　C the spread of creativity to a range of businesses.
　　D a greater respect for creativity in pharmaceutical companies.

　　19
　　A relationship
　　B association
　　C meeting
　　D contact
　　20
　　A force
　　B determine
　　C decide
　　D fix
　　21
　　A enclose
　　B consist
　　C include
　　D contain
　　22
　　A get
　　B run
　　C play
　　D have
　　23
　　A absence
　　B lack
　　C need
　　D scarcity
　　24
　　A cared
　　B treated
　　C dealt
　　D considered
　　25
　　A deliver
　　B bring
　　C move
　　D take
　　26
　　A policies
　　B standards
　　C terms
　　D conditions
　　27
　　A turn
　　B sequence
　　C line
　　D order
　　28
　　A dense
　　B rigid
　　C deep
　　D solid
　　29
　　A demands
　　B insists
　　C expects
　　D instructs
　　30
　　A punctually
　　B precisely
　　C promptly
　　D presently
　　31
　　A apart from
　　B other than
　　C except for
　　D rather than
　　32 A case
　　B excuse
　　C fault
　　D purpose
　　33
　　A do
　　B make
　　C go
　　D come

　　KEY
　　Test 1 Reading
　　Part 1
　　1C 2D 3B 4D 5A 6B 7C
　　Part 2
　　8 F 9 C 10 E 11 A 12 D
　　Part 3
　　13 B 14 C 15 D 16 B 17 A 18 C
　　Part 4
　　19 D 20 B 21 C 22 C 23 A
　　24 B 25 D 26 C 27 A 28 B
　　29 B 30 C 31 D 32 B 33 C
　　Part 5
　　34 HAVE 35 WHICH 36 FROM
　　37 UNLESS 38 IS 39 CORRECT
　　40 CORRECT 41 IN 42 ONLY
　　43 BOTH 44 CORRECT 45 AS