GRE官方试题

The following appeared in a letter to the editor of a Batavia newspaper.
"The department of agriculture in Batavia reports that the number of dairy farms throughout the country is now 25 percent greater than it was 10 years ago. During this same time period, however, the price of milk at the local Excello Food Market has increased from $1.50 to over $3.00 per gallon. To prevent farmers from continuing to receive excessive profits on an apparently increased supply of milk, the Batavia government should begin to regulate retail milk prices. Such regulation is necessary to ensure fair prices for consumers."
Write a response in which you discuss what questions would need to be answered in order to decide whether the recommendation is likely to have the predicted result. Be sure to explain how the answers to these questions would help to evaluate the recommendation.

题目讲解

【翻译】
Batavia的农业部门报告说全国奶牛农庄的数量比10年前增加了25%。然而就在同一时期，当地Excello Food Market牛奶的价格从每加仑$1.5上涨到了$3.0。为防止农场主在牛奶供应量明显增加的情况下获取过多的利润，Batavia的政府应限制牛奶的零售价。这种限价对于保证更低的牛奶价格和充足的供应是必需的。

【分析】
1.没有信息表明牛奶受到了很高的利润，可能是别的原因导致牛奶价格升高，成本等
2.没有信息说明牛奶在过去十年的时间里产量增加了，可能是农场增加，但规模小了
3.其他因素：没有信息表明这样的限制和规定能够提供低价供应量充足的牛奶;此外，没有考虑到牛奶农场之间的竞争会导致牛奶价格的降低，以及是否有更好的办法

【提纲】
1全国数量增加不说明地方数量也增多。
2Inflation & devaluation。profits。根据一般经济规律，供应量如果大于需求量利润未必增多。
3如果需求量也多的话让农场主获得更多利润没什么不好，有利于保证更好的牛奶供应。政府应该采取更多其他有效办法：运输、质量。