(单词翻译:单击)
The Federal Reserve Bank of San Francisco was in charge of overseeing Silicon Valley Bank, and experts across the ideological spectrum are questioning why growing risks at the bank were not halted.
旧金山联邦储备银行负责监管硅谷银行，各种意识形态流派的专家都在质疑，为什么这家银行日益增长的风险没有得到遏制。
The firm grew rapidly and took on a large number of depositors from one vulnerable industry: technology.
硅谷银行发展迅速，从易遭受风险的单一行业 -- 科技行业 -- 吸收了大量储户。
A large share of the bank's deposits were uninsured, making customers more likely to run for the exit in a moment of trouble, and the bank had not taken care to protect itself against the financial risks posed by rising interest rates.
该银行有很大一部分存款没有保险，这使得客户更有可能在遇到麻烦的时候争相取出存款，而且该银行没有注意保护自己免受利率上升带来的金融风险的影响。
Worsening the optics of the situation, Greg Becker, the chief executive of Silicon Valley Bank, was until Friday on the board of directors at the Federal Reserve Bank of San Francisco. The Fed has said reserve bank directors are not involved in matters related to banking supervision.
让整个情况在公众眼中变得更糟的是，硅谷银行首席执行官格雷格·贝克尔直到周五还在旧金山联邦储备银行的董事会任职。美联储已经表示过，储备银行董事不参与和银行监督相关的事务。
Questions about bank oversight ultimately come back to roost at the Fed's board in Washington -- which, since the 2008 crisis, has played a heavier role in guiding how banks are overseen day to day.
有关银行监管的问题最终回到华盛顿的美联储委员会 -- 自2008年危机以来，该委员会在指导银行日常监管方面发挥了更为重要的作用。
The board has indicated that it will take the concerns seriously, putting its new vice chair of supervision, Michael Barr, in charge of the inquiry into what happened at Silicon Valley Bank, the Fed announced this week.
美联储本周宣布，委员会已表示将严肃对待这些担忧，并任命新任监督副主席迈克尔·巴尔负责调查硅谷银行事件。
"The events surrounding Silicon Valley Bank demand a thorough, transparent and swift review by the Federal Reserve," Jerome H. Powell, the Fed chair, said in a statement.
"围绕硅谷银行发生的事件需要美联储进行彻底、透明和迅速的审查。"美联储主席杰罗姆·H. 鲍威尔在一份声明中表示。
It is unclear how much any one of the 2018 rollbacks would have mattered in the case of Silicon Valley Bank.
目前尚不清楚，2018年对监管恢复宽松的措施对硅谷银行的影响有多大。
Under the original postcrisis rules, the bank, which had less than $250 billion in assets, most likely would have faced a full Fed stress test earlier, probably by this year. But the rules for stress tests are complex enough that even that is difficult to pinpoint with certainty.
根据最初的后危机法规，这家资产不到2500亿美元的银行很可能会在更早的时候面临美联储的全面压力测试，可能是在今年之前。但压力测试的规则非常复杂，即使是这一点也很难确定。
"Nobody can say that without the 2018 rollbacks none of this would have happened," Ms. Judge said. But "those rules suggested that banks in this size range did not pose a threat to financial stability."
"没有人可以说，如果没有2018年恢复宽松，这一切就都不会发生。"贾奇说。但"这些规定表明，这种规模的银行不会对金融稳定构成威胁"。
But the government's dramatic response to Silicon Valley Bank's collapse, which included saving uninsured depositors and rolling out a Fed rescue program, underlined that even the 16th-largest bank in the country could require major public action.
然而政府对硅谷银行倒闭的剧烈反应，包括援救没有保险的储户和推出美联储救援计划，突显出即使是美国第16大的银行也可能需要重大公共行动。
Given that, the Fed will be paying renewed attention to how those banks are treated when it comes to both capital (their financial cushion against losses) and liquidity (their ability to quickly convert assets into cash to pay back depositors).
有鉴于此，美联储将重新关注在资本(应对亏损的财务缓冲)和流动性(迅速将资产转换为现金以偿还储户的能力)方面如何处理这些银行。
There could be a push, for instance, to lower the threshold at which the more onerous regulations begin to apply. As a result of the 2018 law, some of the stricter rules now kick in when banks have $250 billion in assets.
例如，可能会推动降低更繁琐的法规的适用门槛。由于2018年的法律，现在一些更严格的规定只在银行拥有2500亿美元资产的情况下才开始生效。
