Hello. I'm John Russell.

大家好，我是约翰·罗素IC]bW=f|A+]Y。

Some consonant sounds in American English remind me of mathematics-specifically addition.

美式英语中的一些辅音让我想起了数学——特别是加法lRGbez!BJYxT2gr。

I'll explain.

我来解释一下cILPAXrv+o。

When I was young, I learned how to add numbers.

我小时候学会了加法&gJsBh)Nwou((9lIaC[。

For example, 1+1=2.

例如，1+1=2OzZj)CKkw)6。

There are consonant sounds that are like this.

也有像这样的辅音6PLH*AakZE9O。

They are sometimes called affricates.

它们有时被称为破擦音tdX^4]zDQTs0kMF0。

Affricates are made up of a stop sound followed by a fricative sound.

破擦音由闭塞音后面跟摩擦音组成YfopWc~*wGrFb=(oT。

Another way to say this is stop sound plus fricative sound equals Affricate.

另一种说法是闭塞音加摩擦音等于破擦音sKa^g#dq4~^dzJtY)。

There are two of these complex consonant sounds in English.

英语中有两个这样的复杂辅音]Q+ncl#ngR。

They are /chi/ as in chicken and /zhi/ as in judge.(注: 此处音标写法为便于编辑，规范写法见视频)

它们是/chi/比如“chicken”，/zhi/比如“judge”)s-zDZQm+|qU@E0s。

Let's explore the /chi/ sound.

我们来探索一下/chi/这个音吧(h-Z(*419&ooE[e&%Nq。

It starts with a stop sound as in /t/, and then moves to a fricative sound /sh/.(注: 此处音标写法为便于编辑，规范写法见视频)

它以闭塞音/t/开始，然后转到摩擦音/sh/kNCh+d.ymrmbJg[x。

When you add the two sounds together, you get /chi/.

当你把这两个音加在一起时，就得到了/chi/+ycZWBjMQ7。

Similarly, the /zhi/ sound starts with the stop sound /d/, and then moves to a fricative sound /ri/.

类似地，/zhi/的音以闭塞音/d/开始，然后转到摩擦音/ri/kw|E.zV+MVs)4O。

These complex consonant sounds are difficult for speakers of many languages.

这些复杂的辅音对许多说其他语言的人来说都很困难M^]1)%z3Kc。

Vietnamese speakers, for example, might replace an affricate sound such as /chi/ with a fricative sound such as /sh/, (注: 此处音标写法为便于编辑，规范写法见视频)

例如，说越南语的人可能会用摩擦音/sh/代替破擦音/chi/，

the result is that a word like "much" might sound more like "mush".

结果就是“much”读的更像“mush”%Ya]buo9)oIKhbl。

Speakers of other languages might use complex consonant sounds from their own languages while speaking English.

说其他语言的人在说英语时可能会使用自己语言中的复杂辅音1pe2_1__)Xs_nEw9。

For example, Korean speakers might use something like a /dz/ sound, a complex consonant sound that does not exist in English.

例如，说韩语的人可能会使用像 /dz/ 这样的发音，这是一个英语中不存在的复杂辅音H.v]nD~M3r#d。

They might use this sound in place of a /z/ sound.

他们可能会用这个声音来代替/z/声音td_If%I8Xy%6q9JX。

The result is that a word such as "zebra" or "zoo", sounds like "dzebra" or "dzoo".

结果就是单词“zebra”,“zoo”听起来像“dzebra”，“dzoo”#kgecES_7Uk[。

The solution for all of these issues is for you to pay careful attention to complex consonant sounds.

解决所有这些问题的办法是，你要仔细注意复杂的辅音*k3Z@hKronZ0t7h+#yW。

Remember, there are only two of them in English.

记住，英语里只有两个这样的复杂辅音O]g9J9fkt6。

Time spent mastering these sounds will be of great value to you.

花时间掌握它们的发音对你来说是非常有价值的gpb|8sHzR%e。

That's all for today.

今天就到这里吧el,85x%92VpalxpG!u。

Keep up the good work.

继续加油吧;T~-!9BgZmvGAQFI。