(单词翻译:单击)
Of course, the problem when you start at the top is that there is nowhere to go but down.
当然，当你从顶端开始的时候，问题是除了往下走，别无他法。
Djoser's successor didn't really live up to the high bar set at the start of his dynasty.
乔塞尔的继任者并没有达到他王朝开始时定下的高标准。
His name was Sekhemkhet, sometimes also Djosertety.
他的名字叫赛凯姆凯特，有时也叫Djosertety。
And we guess that he was Djoser's son or perhaps his younger brother.
我们猜他是乔塞尔的儿子或者他的弟弟。
So Sekhemkhet is so obscure he's one of those pharaohs who is basically just a name inscribed on an ancient wall,
所以赛凯姆凯特是如此的默默无闻，他是那些法老中的一个，基本上只是一个名字刻在古老的墙上，
and the main reason why he failed to make a long-lasting impact was his short reign.
而他未能产生持久影响的主要原因是他的短暂统治。
Going by the various King lists, he only ruled as pharaoh for six or seven years but he did leave one thing behind which is worth talking about his unfinished pyramid.
根据不同的国王名单，他只作为法老统治了六七年，但他确实留下了一件事，那就是他未完成的金字塔。
Clearly, Djoser's fancy new tomb was a big hit and the pharaohs who came after him tried to follow in his footsteps.
显然，乔塞尔豪华的新陵墓大获成功，他之后的法老们也试图追随他的脚步。
So Sekhemkhet started construction on his own pyramid, right next to that of Djoser in the necropolis of Sakqqara, but he didn't want his pyramid to be just like Djoser.
所以赛凯姆凯特开始建造他自己的金字塔，就在塞加拉墓地里乔塞尔的金字塔旁边，但他不希望他的金字塔和乔塞尔的金字塔一样。
No no no no, that wouldn't be good enough, he wanted it to be bigger, because when it comes to pyramids, bigger is always better.
不，不，不，不，那还不够好，他想让它更大，因为说到金字塔，越大越好。
According to inscriptions, it was Imhotep again who designed it so unsurprisingly the construction was similar.
根据铭文，也是英霍蒂普设计的，所以毫不奇怪，建筑是相似的。
However because Sekhemkhet reigned just for a few years, only the base was completed by the time of his death.
然而，因为赛凯姆凯特只统治了几年，直到他去世，基地才完成。
If finished, Sekhemkhet's pyramid would have been around 230 feet tall almost 30 feet taller than Djoser's pyramid.
如果完工，赛凯姆凯特的金字塔有230英尺高，几乎比乔塞尔的金字塔高30英尺。
But since only the bottom layer was constructed.
但是因为只有构建了地基。
Sekhemkhett's pyramid was basically just a fancier mastaba made out of limestone instead of mud bricks.
赛凯姆凯特的金字塔基本上只是一个用石灰石而不是泥砖建造的华丽的斜纹坟墓。
Unsurprisingly, his successor felt no obligation to complete it, so the unfinished structure was quickly engulfed by the desert sands and wasn't even discovered until the 1950s.
不出所料，他的继任者觉得没有义务完成它，所以这个未完成的建筑很快就被沙漠的沙子吞没，直到20世纪50年代才被发现。
Speaking of successes, we arrive now at the most contentious part, the elusive third pharaoh of the third dynasty.
说到成功，我们现在来到了最有争议的部分，第三王朝难以捉摸的第三位法老。
Generally, we know him by the name Sanakht, though he sometimes is identified as Nebka.
一般来说，我们知道他的名字是萨那赫特，尽管他有时被认为是内布卡。
So far this isn't so confusing or controversial since pharaoh's had multiple names, but we also have some inscriptions that identify Nebka as the first pharaoh of the dynasty instead of Djoser.
到目前为止，这并没有太令人困惑或争议，因为法老有多个名字，但我们也有一些铭文，确定内布卡是王朝的第一位法老，而不是乔塞尔。
So is it possible that Sanakht or Nebka could have been the founder of the third dynasty？
那么有没有可能萨那赫特或内布卡是第三王朝的缔造者?
As we said most historians say no, but we could pour a little gasoline onto this controversial fire by pointing out
就像我们说的，大多数历史学家都说不，但我们可以通过指出来给这一争议火上浇油
that Sanakht was the only pharaoh of the third dynasty, not to build a pyramid for himself or at least try to like Sekhemkhet.
萨那赫特是第三王朝唯一的法老，没有为自己建造金字塔，或者至少试图像赛凯姆凯特一样。
Instead, he opted to be buried in a traditional mastaba which would be more likely if he predated Djoser and his step pyramid.
相反，他选择被埋葬在一个传统的墓室里，如果他比乔塞尔和他的阶梯金字塔更早的话。
That's about all we know about Sanakht except for the recent news that he may have been a giant this little tip.
这就是我们所知道的关于萨那赫特的一切，除了最近的新闻，他可能是一个巨人这个小消息。
It comes to us courtesy of scientists who analyze the skeletal remains we think may have belonged to some act.
这是科学家们对我们认为可能属于某种行为的骸骨进行分析的结果。
While we cannot tell you for certain that they are his bones we can say that they belong to a very tall man,
虽然我们不能确定这些是他的骨头，但我们可以说这些骨头属于一个很高的男人，
he stood six feet one inch tall at a time when the average man was almost a whole foot shorter.
他身高六英尺一英寸，而普通人几乎要比他矮整整一英尺。
Medical experts who inspected the bones believed that his extraordinary height was caused by gigantism which would make Sanakht the first diagnosed case in medical records.
医学专家检查了他的骨头，认为他的特殊身高是由巨人症引起的，这使萨那赫特成为医疗记录中第一个被诊断出的病例。
Already we're in the final stretch for the third dynasty, in surprise, we arrive at another pharaoh
我们已经进入了第三王朝的最后阶段, 出乎意料的是，我们又迎来了一位法老
who was a shadowy figure known mainly as a name inscribed on a few walls and a few bowls Khaba.
他是一个模糊的人物，人们所知的主要是他的名字刻在几面墙上和几只哈巴碗上。
Like Sekhemkhet, it seems that Khaba had a short reign of around six years,
和赛凯姆凯特一样，哈巴似乎也有大约6年的短暂统治，
but unlike Sekhemkhet, there is some evidence not a lot but it's there that the ancient egyptians might not have been big fans of Khaba.
但与赛凯姆凯特不同的是，有很多证据表明，古埃及人可能不是哈巴的忠实粉丝。
They tried to erase his name from a few places and as we know by now.
他们试图把他的名字从几个地方抹去，我们现在知道了。
This practice of damnatio memoria or condemnation of memory was reserved only for the naughtiest rulers,
这种对记忆进行诅咒或谴责的做法只适用于最不妥当的统治者，
the ones who cut up two shenanigans that the people really didn't like such as trying to abolish all of the old gods and institute a new monotheistic religion.
他们破坏了两种人们不喜欢的把戏，比如试图废除所有旧的神，建立一个新的一神教。
We're looking at you Sekhemkhet.
我们在找你，赛凯姆凯特。
When you also take into account that Khaba had a short reign, it could suggest that whatever he did may have angered the egyptians enough to overthrow him.
当你也考虑到哈巴的统治时间很短，这可能意味着他的所作所为可能激怒了埃及人，从而推翻了他。
Also like Sekhemkhet, Khaba left behind an unfinished pyramid, although for reasons known only to him, he didn't consider Sakqqara a suitable place for his tomb.
和赛凯姆凯特一样，哈巴留下了一座未完成的金字塔，尽管出于只有他自己知道的原因，他认为塞加拉不适合作为他的坟墓。
Maybe he simply didn't want to be overshadowed by Djoser or maybe this was part of whatever he did to ruffle everyone's feathers.
也许他只是不想被乔塞尔所掩盖，也许这是他所做的激怒所有人的事情的一部分。
But Khaba selected a new spot for his eternal slumber at Zawiyet el-Aryan necropolis across the Nile from Memphis.
但是哈巴选择了一个新的地点作为他的长眠之所，那就是扎维耶特-埃尔-雅利安人墓地，与孟菲斯隔尼罗河相望。
Their construction began on a new step pyramid using almost the same architecture as Sekhemkhet's unfinished pyramid.
他们开始建造一个新的阶梯金字塔，使用的建筑风格几乎与赛凯姆凯特未完成的金字塔相同。
Today, the structure is known simply as the layer pyramid and it lies in ruins with only the base till standing.
今天，这个结构被简单地称为分层金字塔，它倒在废墟中，只有基地矗立着。
Today, scholars still can't decide whether the pyramid was ever finished or not.
今天，学者们仍然不能确定金字塔是否曾经完成。
Some believe that work on it was simply abandoned once Khaba died.
一些人认为，哈巴死后，这个项目就被放弃了。
Others think that the pyramid was completed and later torn apart so that the stone could be reused in other projects.
另一些人认为，金字塔已经完成，后来被拆除，以便石头可以在其他项目中重复使用。
Both scenarios suggest a pharaoh who was not very popular with the people.
这两种情况都表明法老不受人民欢迎。
