(单词翻译:单击)
Growing up, I lived 12 miles away from Indian Point Energy Center, a nuclear power plant that supplies 1/4 of New York City's energy, which is a massive amount of power when you consider that over 10 million people live in a city and its metropolitan area.
在我成长的过程中，我住在离印第安角能源中心12英里的地方，这家核电站为纽约市提供了四分之一的电能。考虑到一个城市及其大都市圈有超过1000万人口，这是一个巨大的电力供应站。
But despite the plant's huge energy output, residents constantly worried about pollution and safety surrounding the 57-year-old power plant.
但是，尽管该核电站的发电量巨大，但居民们一直在担心这座有着57年历史的发电站周围的污染和安全问题。
My mom would often lay out an emergency escape plan for me and my siblings just in case Indian Point failed and there was a disaster on par with Chernobyl, Fukushima or Three Mile Island.
我妈妈经常为我和我的兄弟姐妹制定紧急逃生计划，以防印第安角核电站出故障，发生像切尔诺贝利核电站、福岛核电站或三里岛核电站那样的灾难。
These three disasters have persisted as spectres in the imaginations of the world including many New Yorkers and as a result have led to a backlash big enough to decommission the Indian Point nuclear center for good in 2021.
这三场灾难一直是萦绕在包括许多纽约人在内的世界人民心中的恐惧，由此引发了人民的强烈反对，以致于在2021年永久停止使用印第安角核电站。
But considering that this nuclear power plant has provided a quarter of all New York City's energy for over 50 years, is this actually a good thing?
但考虑到这座核电站在过去50多年里为纽约市提供了四分之一的电能，这真的是一件好事吗？
What I really want to know is what role does nuclear power play in a full transition away from fossil fuels and towards a zero-carbon future?
我真正想知道的是，在从化石燃料向零碳未来的全面过渡中，核能扮演着什么角色？
As I came to realize while researching this video, the debate behind nuclear power is complicated.
在为这段视频搜集资料的过程中，我意识到，核能背后的争论是复杂的。
And in order to really analyze the value of nuclear power as an energy source it's important to look at emissions, waste, cost and safety.
为了真正分析核能作为一种能源的价值，考虑排放物、废弃物、成本和安全是很重要的。
Let's start with emissions, which are a huge factor when trying to understand whether nuclear power is a serious option for mitigating climate change.
让我们从排放物开始。在试图了解核能是否是减缓气候变化的重要选择时，排放物是一个巨大的考虑因素。
Many proponents of nuclear point to the lack of greenhouse gas emissions from power plants as a major reason to increase nuclear energy production.
许多核能支持者指出，核能发电所排放的温室气体的数量少是是增加核能产量的主要原因之一
While this is true for the actual nuclear fission process that creates energy, the processes surrounding nuclear, like uranium mining and refining, demand emissions.
虽然这对产生电能的实际核裂变过程来说是正确的，但围绕核能的过程，如铀矿开采和提炼，需要排放。
A life cycle assessment of various fuels conducted by the IPCC reveals that the average greenhouse gas emissions of nuclear power production is relatively the same as its renewable counterparts.
联合国政府间气候变化专门委员会对各种燃料进行的生命周期评估表明，核能生产的平均温室气体排放量与可再生能源的平均温室气体排放量相当。
But when compared to natural gas and coal, nuclear emissions are drastically lower.
但与天然气和煤炭相比，核能生产的温室气体排放量要低得多。
So as an alternative to gas and coal, nuclear power is certainly less emissions heavy and could be a viable low-carbon energy option.
因此，作为天然气和煤炭的替代品，核能的排放量肯定更少，并可能是一种可行的低碳能源选择。
But waste also comes hand-in-hand with emissions.
但废弃物也与排放密切相关。
This is a big sticking point for the anti-nuclear movement.
这是反核运动的一大分歧点。
And rightfully so no one has really implemented a viable long-term solution for a nuclear waste storage.
没有人真正为核废料储存实施长期可行的解决方案。
There are currently three main options right now, onsite storage, long-term deep storage or reprocessing fuel for use in other nuclear energy plants.
目前主要有三种选择：现场储存、长期深度储存或后处理乏燃料以供其他核电站使用。
Reprocessing spent fuel sounds like a perfect solution, but it's really not.
后处理乏燃料听起来像是一个完美的解决方案，但实际上并非如此。
According to the Union of Concerned Scientists, one consequence of reprocessing spent fuel could be the proliferation of nuclear weapons.
据忧思科学家联盟（the Union Of Concerned Science）称，后处理乏燃料的后果之一可能是核武器扩散。
The byproduct of the recycling process is more plutonium, which can easily be used to build weapons.
这种回收过程的副产品是更多的钚。钚可以很容易被用来制造武器。
In addition, only a little bit of the reprocessed waste can be used again and you're still left with a host of other radioactive materials.
此外，只有一小部分经过再处理的核废料可以被再次使用，仍然会留下大量其他放射性物质。
And on top of all that, recycling this waste has a substantial cost tied to it.
最重要的是，回收这些核废料需要大量成本。
So ultimately the only answer right now to our current nuclear waste is long-term storage.
因此，最终对于我们当前核废料的唯一解决方案是长期储存。
Unfortunately, the only country that is currently setting up a facility is Finland, the rest just stockpile their waste onsite with no options or outlooks for long-term storage.
不幸的是，目前唯一建设长期储存设施的国家是芬兰，其余的都只是在现场储存核废料，没有长期储存的选择或前景。
