今日长难句：

The fire, which had started at the base of the 93-metre spire (尖塔) at about 6:40 pm on Monday, spread through the cathedral's roof, made up of hundreds of oak beams, some dating back to the 13th century.

周一下午6点40分左右，大火从93米高的尖塔底部开始，蔓延到大教堂的屋顶，这些屋顶由数百根橡木横梁组成，其中有些可以追溯到13世纪。

第一步 简单划分句子成分，进行初步断句

The fire/, which had started /at the base of the 93-metre spire (尖塔) /at about 6:40 pm on Monday/, spread through /the cathedral's roof, /made up of hundreds of oak beams, some/ dating back to /the 13th century.

第二步 抓动词 找主语 句子基本的主框架确定

The fire, which had started at the base of the 93-metre spire (尖塔) at about 6:40 pm on Monday, spread through the cathedral's roof, made up of hundreds of oak beams, some dating back to the 13th century.

主语是the fire 谓语是spread 大火蔓延

宾语是roof 基本框架就是The fire spread through the roof 大火蔓延到屋顶

从句里补充说明，主语仍然是the fire，谓语是had started 怎么开始的

然后后面的made up of 和 dating back to 都是两个非谓语结构，修饰的是roof

讲了roof 是由什么组成的材质，还有历史方面追溯这两方面信息。

第三步 把刚才跳读和略读的修饰性成分（时间状语、地点方位介词短语等）信息还原，细节补充回去，得到句子清晰完整的全貌。

The fire, which had started at the base of the 93-metre spire (尖塔) at about 6:40 pm on Monday, spread through the cathedral's roof, made up of hundreds of oak beams, some dating back to the 13thcentury.

从句里交代了大火的源头和起火时间。

核心要点：

1. spread v. 散布 传播

Rumors, even without an element of truth, always spread faster.

2. date back to v. 追溯

Some ancient trees in the Temple of Heaven can date back to Ming Dynasty.

3. base v. 基于 n. 地基

You can't know a person based on other people's comments about him.

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