乐圣--路德维希·范·贝多芬
日期:2020-12-21 10:48

(单词翻译:单击)

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The exact date of Ludwig van Beethoven’s birth in not known for certain,

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路德维希·范·贝多芬的确切出生日期尚不确定,

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however, surviving documents indicate that his baptism occurred on December 17th, 1770 in Bonn, Germany.

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然而现存的文件显示,他的洗礼发生在1770年12月17日,德国波恩9q(D|l^HZizkL

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During this time, baptism followed very shortly after birth which may put the composer’s actual day of birth on either the 16th or the 17th.

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那段时间,洗礼是在出生后不久进行的,因此这位作曲家的实际出生日期可能在16日或17日X[5d.TD2aTPiG[I.iQq8

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Argued by many to be one of, if not the greatest composer who has ever lived, the affects of Beethoven’s genius can still be felt to this day.

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许多人认为贝多芬是有史以来最伟大的作曲家之一,至今仍能感受到天才贝多芬留下的影响mt|%9fjs~f7

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Like many great composers, Beethoven was born into a musical family.

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像许多伟大的作曲家一样,贝多芬出生于一个音乐世家kkQ+XS4xom-e%+xBj

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His father Johann van Beethoven, a singer and musician at the Electoral Court in Bonn,

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他的父亲约翰·范·贝多芬是波恩选举法庭的歌手和音乐家,

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was committed to having Ludwig follow in the footsteps of the young Wolfgang Amadeus Mozart as a child prodigy.

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他致力于让路德维希追随年轻的沃尔夫冈·阿马迪斯·莫扎特的脚步,成为一名神童LG*Iq=XKoE~vb1Q

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However, Johann’s severe alcoholism and bullying,

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然而,约翰严重酗酒、恃强凌弱,

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abusive personality proved him to be an unsuited and incompetent teacher for the blossoming Ludwig.

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他的虐待型人格证明,对于蓬勃发展的路德维希而言,他是一个不适合和不称职的教师+tA;!YjW+5PqF)^8wT

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Beethoven soon went on to study with other Bonn court musicians such as composer and organist Christian Neefe.

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贝多芬很快就和其他波恩宫廷音乐家一起学习,比如作曲家和管风琴家克里斯蒂安·尼夫WOsn+&4p,4=~;pg-

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In 1787, at the age of 16, Beethoven travelled to Vienna with the hopes of studying under Mozart.

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1787年,16岁的贝多芬来到维也纳,希望在莫扎特的指导下学习=e@(iyfXo1

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Unfortunately, the trip was cut short when his mother unexpectedly died of tuberculosis leaving the young Beethoven to deal with the families finances and his father’s alcoholism.

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不幸的是,他的母亲意外地死于肺结核,留下年轻的贝多芬去处理家庭财务和父亲的酗酒问题,行程因此中断UTBxo#UiQYHP!CvZ@MT

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By 1797, Beethoven found himself back in Vienna, the city where he would remain for the rest of his days.

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到了1797年,贝多芬回到了维也纳,他将在那里度过余生H*Rv77K%vLP6l7CJ[d@

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It was here where Beethoven studied with the likes of Franz Joseph Haydn and Antonio Salieri.

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维也纳也就是贝多芬和弗朗茨·约瑟夫·海顿以及安东尼奥·萨利里一起学习的地方]pcT@IyLa8AS=95

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Around the turn of the 19th century, Beethoven’s hearing started to diminish.

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在19世纪之交,贝多芬的听力开始下降eO&JgBPBI9

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Devastated by his impending deafness, he penned the now-famous, “Heiligenstadt Testament”, named after the town in which it was written.

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濒临耳聋之时,他写下了著名的《海利根施塔特遗嘱》,以创作时所在的城镇命名zl#|d00&]S

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In this letter to his two younger brothers Kaspar Karl and Nikolaus, Beethoven spoke about his anguish, depression, and contemplation of suicide stating,

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在这封写给两个弟弟卡斯帕·卡尔和尼古拉斯的信中,贝多芬谈到了他的痛苦、沮丧和自杀的念头,他说:

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“For me, there can be no pleasure in human society, no intelligent conversation, no mutual confidences”.

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“对我来说,人类社会不可能有快乐,没有智慧的对话,没有相互的信任C#t_Bo1Fqfac。”qOu@cD#LZMI_VSZNq1

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The letter was never sent however and was not found until after his death.

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然而,这封信从未寄出,直到他死后才被发现0t.KR17,gg

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By the year 1820, Beethoven was completely deaf.

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到1820年,贝多芬完全聋了=HZqq]#aDIW

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Beethoven’s contribution to the progression of music history cannot be overstated.

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贝多芬对音乐史发展的贡献怎么说都不为过ByTg31g00J

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His stubborn personality, tampering with conventional musical ideals, and lifelong commitment to perfection left such a mark on future composers

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他倔强的个性,对传统音乐理想的篡改,以及毕生对完美的追求,给未来的作曲家留下了如此深刻的烙印,

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that it even took Johannes Brahms 20 years to publish his first symphony for fear that it would never live up to Beethoven’s greatness.

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以至于约翰内斯·勃拉姆斯甚至花了20年才出版了他的第一部交响曲,因为担心它永远达不到贝多芬的伟大Uh0~gp;rlF7

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Some of Beethoven’s chief major works consists of nine symphonies, including the famous 9th Symphony whose 4th movement features the choral adaptation of Schiller’s “Ode To Joy”.

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贝多芬的主要作品由九个交响乐组成,包括著名的第九交响曲,其第四乐章以席勒的《欢乐颂》合唱改编而成^,v=B-SDw8dMad@j

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Also five piano concertos, 1 opera titled “Fidelio”, 16 string quartets, 32 piano sonatas, 1 violin concerto, and his Mass in C, “Missa Solemnis”.

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还有五首钢琴协奏曲,一部名为“菲德里奥”的歌剧,16首弦乐四重奏,32首钢琴奏鸣曲,1首小提琴协奏曲,以及他的C大调弥撒“庄严弥撒”ss;KCX~@V84gd

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Beethoven lived with ill health for most of his life.

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贝多芬的一生大部分时间都是病痛的3b3,N|Q8sYk=)yY9

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However, after the attempted suicide of his beloved nephew Karl in 1826, his health began to rapidly decline.

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然而,1826年他心爱的侄子卡尔自杀未遂后,他的健康状况开始迅速下降8BSR-wxW8F~nSxq%z

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After months of suffering from liver disease, Beethoven passed away on March 26th, 1827, at the age of 56.

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经过数月的肝病折磨,贝多芬于1827年3月26日去世,享年56岁yv=FYT~UIeyR)

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It was estimated that 10,000 people attended his funeral.

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据估计有一万人参加了他的葬礼0Ic5-K~26HpY-PI

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