(单词翻译:单击)
Hello! I’m Emma from mmmEnglish!
你好!我是来自mmmEnglish的Emma !
In this lesson you'll learn ten phrasal verbs using the verb, 'come'.
本节课你将学习使用动词come的十个短语动词。
Now, phrasal verbs are groups of words in English made up of a verb and either one or two particles.
短语动词是英语中由一个动词和一个或两个助词组成的词组。
Now, a particle can either be a preposition like 'on' or an adverb like 'together'.
现在，一个小品词既可以是介词“on”，也可以是副词“together”。
To learn more about phrasal verbs make sure you watch this video here because here, I share my top tips for learning phrasal verbs
要了解更多关于短语动词的知识，请一定要看这个视频，因为在这里，我分享了学习短语动词的最佳技巧
but I'll also link to it at the end of this lesson so you can keep watching!
但是我也会在这节课结束的时候链接到它，这样你就可以继续看了!
Now phrasal verbs are a challenge for you, aren't they?
动词短语对你来说是个挑战，不是吗?
They're hard for English learners!
对英语学习者来说太难了!
Often one phrasal verb has more than one meaning.
通常一个动词短语有不止一个意思。
They can often be idiomatic so the meaning isn't obvious from the words.
它们通常是习语，所以意思不是很明显。
And not every phrasal verb follows the same rules.
并不是每个动词短语都遵循相同的规则。
Some are transitive, some are intransitive, separable or inseparable or both!
有些是及物性的，有些是不及物性的，可分的或不可分的，或两者兼有!
But ignoring phrasal verbs is not an option for you because they are so common!
但是忽略动词短语对你来说不是一个选择，因为它们太常见了!
They come up all the time in conversation.
他们在谈话中经常出现。
You'll hear me use them all the time in my lessons.
你会听到我在课堂上经常用到它们。
Actually, make sure you go and have a look at the transcript for this lesson on my blog to see just how many phrasal verbs I've used during this lesson.
事实上，你一定要去我的博客上看看这节课的文字记录，看看我在这节课上用了多少动词短语。
Okay let's dive into 10 common phrasal verbs using the verb 'come'.
好的，让我们来看看10个使用动词come的常见短语动词。
Now, I'm not going to include all of the possible meanings for these phrasal verbs
现在，我不会把这些动词短语的所有可能的意思都包括进去
but the meanings I'm going to share are the commonly used ones, the ones that you'll hear come up often in conversation.
但我要分享的意思是常用的，你会经常在对话中听到的。
So let's start with 'come up'.
让我们从“come up”开始。
'Come up' has a few different meanings.
“Come up”有几个不同的意思。
It can mean to be mentioned or talked about in a conversation.
它可以指在谈话中被提及或谈论。
So..If anything important comes up during the meeting, I'll tell you about it later.
所以. .如果会议中有什么重要的事情，我以后再告诉你。
Every time I have dinner with my mum, the topic of marriage always comes up!
每次我和我妈妈一起吃饭的时候，总是会提到婚姻的话题!
It can also mean to approach or to go towards someone, especially if they are on a higher level than you are.
它也可以表示接近或走向某人，尤其是当他们比你高的时候。
Come up on stage and collect your award!
上台领奖吧!
Come up to my apartment, it's on the fourth floor.
到我的公寓来，它在四楼。
She came up to meet me at a party and we've been friends ever since.
她在一次聚会上遇到我，从那以后我们就一直是朋友。
Now if something like a job or an opportunity comes up, it becomes available.
现在，如果一份工作或一个机会出现了，它就变成了可能。
This new opportunity has come up and we need to take it.
这个新机会出现了，我们必须抓住它。
Now if a problem or an issue comes up, it happens and it needs to be dealt with immediately.
现在，如果一个问题或问题出现了，它发生了，需要立即处理。
Something's just come up, so I need to cancel my appointment.
出了点事，所以我要取消约会。
Every time I take a day off, something always comes up and I'm needed back at the office.
每次我请一天假，总会有事情发生，我需要回到办公室。
To 'come up with', Now, this phrasal verb is transitive
“come up with”这个动词短语是及物动词
and if you're not exactly sure what that means, make sure you watch this lesson up here because I'll explain it for you there.
如果你不确定那是什么意思，一定要看这堂课，因为我会为你解释。
But when a phrasal verb is transitive, you need to include something.
但是当一个动词短语是及物动词时，你需要跟些词。
You can't just say..
你不能就这么说…
Yesterday I came up with.
昨天我想到了。
Came up with what?
想到了什么?
I came up with a plan.
我想出了一个计划。
I came up with a new idea.
我想到了一个新主意。
I came up with a solution.
我想出了一个解决办法。
For this phrasal verb to make sense, you must always include what you have come up with.
要使这个动词短语有意义，你必须总是跟随你想到的。
'Come in'.
“Come in”。
Well you've probably heard this one and it means to enter a building or a room.
你可能听说过这个词，它的意思是进入一座建筑物或一个房间。
The TV was so loud, he didn't notice me come in.
电视声音太大了，他没注意到我进来。
Are you busy?
你忙吗？
Can I come in?
我可以进来吗？
But it can also mean arrive.
但它也可以表示到达。
The train comes in at 3 o'clock.
火车3点钟进站。
News is coming in that they found survivors in the crash!
消息传来，他们在飞机失事中找到了幸存者!
But it can also be used when talking about clothing or fashion.
但是它也可以用来谈论衣服或时尚。
These shirts come in three colours.
这些衬衫有三种颜色。
Another common use for this phrasal verb is when you're talking about the ocean or specifically, the tide.
这个动词短语的另一个常见用法是，当你谈论海洋或者确切地说，潮汐。
When the tide comes in, the water rises and it covers more of the beach.
当涨潮时，海水上涨，覆盖了更多的海滩。
The tide will come in at about 6 o'clock this evening.
今天晚上6点左右涨潮。
To 'come out'.
“come out”
Okay, so 'come out' must be the opposite of 'come in', right?
那么come out一定是come in的反义词，对吧?
No!This is one of the tricky things about phrasal verbs.
不!这是动词短语的一个微妙之处。
Logical opposites are not always correct.
逻辑上的对立并不总是正确的。
The opposite of 'come in' is 'go out'.
“进来”的反义词是“出去”。
If some information comes out, something that was previously unknown becomes known.
如果出现了一些信息，以前不知道的事情就会被知道。
After ten years, the truth finally came out.
十年后，真相终于大白了。
Now it can also be a synonym for 'appear'.
现在它也可以作为“出现”的同义词。
There was a dead tree coming out of the water.
一棵枯树从水里冒了出来。
And of course, after a big thunderstorm, the sun always comes out from behind the clouds.
当然，大雷雨过后，太阳总是从云层后面出来。
We use this phrasal verb to say that the sun or the moon or the stars have appeared in the sky.
我们用这个动词短语来表示太阳、月亮或星星出现在天空中。
If your favourite band is working on a new album,
如果你最喜欢的乐队正在制作一张新专辑，
they'll probably tell you when it's going to come out.
那么他们可能会告诉你专辑什么时候发行。
The new album will come out in June.
新专辑将于六月发行。
My sister's new book comes out in December.
我姐姐的新书12月出版。
It can also mean to go somewhere with someone for a social event.
它也可以指和某人去某个地方参加社交活动。
Do you want to come out with us on Friday night?
星期五晚上你想和我们一起出去吗?
He's not coming out with us tonight because he's unwell.
他今晚不跟我们出去了，因为他身体不舒服。
Come on! 'Come on' is an expression that you'll hear all the time!
来吧!“来吧”是一个你会经常听到的表达方式!
It can mean hurry up.
它可以表示快点。
Come on, we're going to be late!
快点，我们要迟到了!
Or you could use it to encourage or support someone.
或者你可以用它来鼓励或支持某人。
Come on, you can do it!
加油，你能做到的!
It can also be used when you don't believe something that someone said.
当你不相信某人说的话时也可以用这个短语。
Oh come on! That's not true!
哦,来吧!这不是真的!
'Come on' can also mean to start working.
“Come on”也可以表示开始工作。
The light in the bathroom just came on.
浴室的灯刚亮。
The hot water isn't coming on.
热水打不开了。
Are you sure it's working?
你确定有用吗?
It can also be used when you're referring to a sickness that is just starting to develop, usually with a common cold.
当你指的是一种刚刚开始发展的疾病，通常是一种普通的感冒。
I think I've got a cold coming on.
我想我要感冒了。
To 'come down'.
“come down”
Now generally, this phrasal verb is a synonym for reduce or fall.
一般来说，这个动词短语是reduce或fall的同义词。
It's used when something moves in a downwards direction.
当物体向下移动时，它就会被用到。
There was a big storm last night and many of the trees came down.
昨晚有一场大风暴，许多树都倒了。
Come down here now!
快下来!
You can use this when you're talking to someone who's higher than you, perhaps they're upstairs or in a tree.
当你和比你高的人说话时，你可以用这个，也许他们在楼上或者在树上。
Come down here!
来到这里
Now, this phrasal verb actually is the opposite of 'come up' if you think back to the apartment example.
现在，如果你回想一下公寓的例子，这个动词短语实际上是up的反义词。
Your friend might invite you to come up.
你的朋友可能会邀请你上来。
Or you could tell them to come down.
或者你可以叫他们下来。
'Come down' is also used something reduces, so often the price.
“Come down” 也用来表示某物降价了，所以经常降价。
After Christmas, the price of the sofa will probably come down.
圣诞节过后，沙发的价格可能会降下来。
'Come down' is also used when someone travels south, to meet you or to visit you.
“Come down”也用于某人南下，去见你或拜访你。
He came down from Sydney last night.
他昨晚从悉尼回来。
Their family comes down for the Easter holidays every year.
他们全家每年都来过复活节。
But what about to 'come down on'?
但是“come down on”呢?
Now, to come down on someone is a really negative thing.
说某人的坏话是非常负面的事情。
It means to punish someone because they didn't perform as expected.
它的意思是惩罚某人，因为他们没有按照预期表现。
My boss came down on me really hard because I didn't finish the report in time.
我的老板对我很严厉，因为我没有及时完成报告。
To 'come across'.
“come across”。
Again, this phrasal verb has multiple meanings.
同样，这个动词短语有多种意思。
Firstly, it can be used to describe your characteristics or the characteristics of someone.
首先，它可以用来描述你的性格或者某人的性格。
Often when you first meet them,
通常当你第一次见到他们的时候，
or you first see them, to say that they seem to be a particular type of person.
或者你第一次见到他们的时候，你会说他们似乎是一个特殊类型的人。
When we first met, he came across as quite arrogant.
我们初次见面时，他给人的印象是相当傲慢。
So when you met her, how did she come across?
你见到她的时候，她给人的印象如何?
What was she like?
她长什么样?
She comes across really well on television.
她在电视上表现得很好。
So that means she creates a really positive image, you know, for the station, for the company.
这意味着她为电视台和公司创造了一个非常积极的形象。
Now, a lot depends on how you come across in an interview.
这在很大程度上取决于你在面试中的表现。
Note that some native English speakers use the phrasal verb 'come over' in this way too.
注意，一些以英语为母语的人也这样使用动词短语“come over”。
He came over really arrogant.
他显得很傲慢。
It means he seemed really arrogant.
意思是他看起来很傲慢。
To 'come across' something can also mean to meet someone or to find something, by chance, without expecting to.
“come across”也可以指无意中遇见某人或发现某事。
When we were walking in the forest, we came across an old abandoned house.
当我们在森林里散步时，我们遇到了一座废弃的老房子。
'Come over' Again, this phrasal verb has multiple meanings but the most commonly used one is used to describe movement.
“过来”这个动词短语有多种意思，但最常用来形容动作。
The movement from one place to another.
从一个地方到另一个地方的运动。
Come over here!
来这里
Why don't you come over to my house for dinner?
你为什么不来我家吃晚饭呢?
My brother is coming over from Melbourne for the weekend.
我哥哥从墨尔本过来度周末。
Now, it can also be used when someone suddenly feels a strong emotion or feeling.
现在，当某人突然感到一种强烈的情绪或感觉时，也可以用这个短语。
I came over a little dizzy.
我来的时候有点头晕。
When I saw him do it, a huge wave of anger came over me.
当我看到他做那件事时，一股怒气涌上心头。
Now, this can also be expressed with the verb 'overcome'.
现在，这个也可以用动词“克服”来表达。
You can be overcome with an emotion.
你可以被一种情绪所征服。
'Come at'.
“Come at”
Now this phrasal verb is transitive
这个动词短语是及物的
and it usually involves a person or an animal coming towards someone in an aggressive or physical way.
它通常涉及一个人或一个动物以一种攻击或身体的方式接近某人。
As soon as I opened the gate, the dog came at me.
我一打开门，狗就向我扑来。
I wasn't expecting him to come at me with a knife.
我没想到他会拿着刀朝我冲过来。
To 'come back'.
“come back”
Now, most commonly this phrasal verb is used when somebody or something returns to a place or returns to an original state.
现在，最常见的这个动词短语是在某人或某事返回到某个地方或回到原始状态时使用的。
I'll come back in half an hour and get you.
我半小时后回来接你。
I thought I got rid of my cold, but I think it's coming back.
我以为我的感冒好了，但我想它又复发了。
When are you coming back home?
你什么时候回家?
Now as a compound noun, it can mean to attempt to return to former glory.
现在作为复合名词，它的意思是试图回到过去的辉煌。
To try to become famous or important again after a period of being less so.
试图在一段时间不那么出名或重要之后再出名或变得重要。
The wrestler is making a comeback!
摔跤手要回来了!
She hasn't released a book in over ten years,
她已经十多年没出过书了，
so I guess now she's making a comeback!
所以我想她现在又要复出了!
Well how many of those phrasal verbs did you know?
你知道多少这样的动词短语?
Perhaps you knew all of them but maybe you'd learnt some new ways to use them.
也许你知道所有这些，但也许你已经学会了一些使用它们的新方法。
I hope you did!
我希望你早就学会了!
Make sure you subscribe to my channel by clicking the red button right there
确保你订阅了我的频道，点击那里的红色按钮，
and turn on the notifications so that you know when I upload a new lesson.
然后打开通知，这样你就知道我何时上传了新课程。
If you want my top tips and recommendations for learning and using phrasal verbs, make sure you watch this lesson right here!
如果你想要我的学习和使用动词短语的建议，一定要看这节课!
And you can check out some of my other lessons right here in this playlist.
你可以在这个播放列表中找到我的其他课程。
Thanks for watching and I will see you again next week for a new lesson here on mmmEnglish.
感谢收看，我们下周的mmmEnglish新课再见。
Bye for now!
再见！
