I'm often asked what do I do.
我经常被问起我是做什么的。
To which I reply, "I work to end violence against children. All violence against every child in every country."
对于这种问题我会回答道，“我的工作是为了终止针对儿童的暴力。一切针对每一个国家每一个儿童的暴力。”
There's usually a pause. Sometimes, depending on the setting, "Whoa, that's a conversation killer."
这里通常有一段沉默。有时候，取决于当时的环境，“天啊，这是个话题终结者。”
And then the questions: "What sort of violence are you talking about?"
然后就是很多问题：“你说的是什么样的暴力？”
"How much violence is there?" "Where is it happening, is it happening here?"
“有多少这样的暴力？”“这里发生过吗，那里发生过吗？”
And when I answer those questions, people tend to be shocked.
当我回答完这些问题后，人们总是被震惊到。
Shocked at the scale of violence, shocked at the nature of violence.
震惊于暴力的规模，震惊于暴力的本质。
But I'm always quick to make sure that people aren't left with a sense of doom and gloom.
但是我总是很快就确定，人们并没有意识到前景不妙。
I believe we have an unprecedented historical opportunity in this generation to end violence against children.
我相信在这一代我们有一个前所未有的历史性的机会来结束针对儿童的暴力。
There's a nascent movement building around this.
有一个新兴的运动是围绕这个目的建立的。
Governments, national governments, city governments, provinces and others are joining that movement.
政府，国家政府，城市政府，省和其它组织都在加入这个运动。
And when we succeed -- and it will take all of us -- we will change the course of human history.
当我们成功时--它会带领着我们所有人--我们将会改变人类历史的进程。
What do I mean by violence against children?
我说的针对儿童暴力指的是什么呢？
I mean all of the physical violence, sexual, psychological and emotional violence
我指的是所有的物理暴力，性，精神上和情绪上的暴力，
that happens to children at home, at school, online and in their communities.
它发生在儿童家中，学校，网络和他们的社区中。
We work with partners right across the world and from those partners, we hear disturbing stories of individual children.
我们和全世界的合作伙伴一起工作，从这些伙伴那里，我们听到了小孩子们令人不安的故事。
For example, Sarah, age 10. Raped repeatedly by her stepfather and threatened with violence if she tells anyone.
比如，Sarah，10岁。被她的继父屡次强暴并被暴力威胁不可告诉任何人。
Faisal, hit across the knuckles at school with a cable, shamed and called a donkey,
Faisal，在学校被人用电缆袭击关节，被侮辱叫做“蠢驴”，
made to stand outside in the cold when he gets the answers wrong.
当他回答错误时被罚站在大冷天的外面。
And from the partners we work with to make the internet safer for children, we hear stories like that of Angelika.
从和我们一起工作旨在使网络更安全的伙伴那里，我们听说了像Angelika那样的故事。
Twelve years old, and forced to commit sexual acts on her uncle,
12岁，被迫接受她叔叔的性行为，
which are live-streamed to paying adults the other side of the world.
并直播给世界另一端的付费成年人。
One in 10 girls experiences sexual abuse before the age of 20.
十个女孩中就有一个在20岁前遭遇性虐待。
Half of children live in countries where corporal punishment has not been fully prohibited.
一半的儿童生活在体罚还没有被完全禁止的国家。
And last year alone, in the US, 45 million reports were made of images and videos of violent and sexual abuse of children online.
仅仅在去年的美国，有450万涉及暴力图片和视频及针对儿童的网络性虐待的报道。
Twice the number the year before.
这个数字是去年的两倍。
Now these forms of violence and other forms of violence roll up into some truly staggering numbers.
现在这些形式的暴力和其它形式的暴力一起合并成了一个真实的令人吃惊的数字。
One billion children globally every year who experience some kind of violence.
全球每年有十亿儿童遭遇了某种程度上的暴力。
That's one in two children. This is a universal issue.
两个小孩中就有一个。这是一个世界性的问题。
So what gives me optimism? Let me talk about Sweden and Uganda.
那么是什么让我乐观？我们来讨论一下瑞典和乌干达。
Probably about as different as two countries you might imagine.
也许这是两个你们能想到的完全不同的两个国家，
If you speak to an economist, they might tell you that Sweden has a per capita average income of around 50,000 dollars a year.
如果你跟经济学家交谈，他们会告诉你瑞典的人均收入大约是每年五万美元。
In Uganda, it's 2,000 dollars.
在乌干达，这个数字是两千美元。
A historian might tell you Sweden hasn't been in a national conflict for about 200 years.
历史学家会告诉你，瑞典已经有大约200年没有发生国内冲突了。
Uganda is still struggling with an insurgency in the north of the country.
乌干达，这个国家的北方，则仍然在暴乱中挣扎。
A musician might tell you that Uganda, the national anthem, "Oh Uganda, Land of Beauty," is one of the shortest in the world.
音乐家会告诉你，乌干达的国歌，“乌干达，美丽的土地”，是这个世界上最短的国歌之一。
In fact, so short, it's often played more than once.
事实上，因为太短了，它经常被演奏多次。
I believe Swedes play theirs and sing theirs for a little longer.
我相信瑞典人演唱国歌会稍微长一点。
But more seriously, Sweden and Uganda have made a commitment,
但更认真地说，瑞典和乌干达做出了承诺，
they have a common bond and shared purpose, a commitment to end violence against children,
他们有同样的约定和共同的目的，一个结束儿童暴力的承诺，
and they are taking action to try and get their countries on a pathway to zero violence against children by 2030.
他们正在采取行动试图使他们的国家在2030年实现针对儿童的暴力变成零。
And many other countries, cities and states are joining them, all over the world.
很多其它国家、城市和州正在加入他们，遍及全世界。
But what does it really mean, what does it mean in practice?
但这个真正的意义是什么，这在实践层面上意味着什么？
When they make that commitment, what do they do?
当他们做这个承诺时，他们会做什么？
It means high-level political commitment and leadership.
这意味着高层次的政治承诺和领导。
Enacting and implementing legislation.
制定法案和执行法律。
And launching initiatives, changing policy,
发起倡议，改变政策，
starting a national conversation that begins to raise awareness on a journey to changing attitudes
开展国家层面上的对话来使人们开始有意识地改变态度
and making it socially unacceptable to have any violence and abuse of children in a country.
并让任何国家中的一切针对儿童的暴力和虐待都成为不可接受的事情。
It means recognizing that violence against children cuts across many sectors,
这意味着认同针对儿童的暴力跨越了许多界限，
and therefore the response, the answer, has to be a systems approach.
因此这个回应，这个答案，必须是一个系统的方式。
You can't just do one piece of it. It requires multiple agencies within and beyond government.
你不能只是处理其中的某一个部分。它需要政府各个部门并且不止政府。
It requires faith groups, the private sector, media, academia, civil society organizations and others.
它需要有信念的团体、私营部门、媒体学术、民间社会组织及其它组织。
And it requires drawing on what the best practice and the best evidence globally tells us,
同时它需要吸收那些最好的实践和全世界内我们以知的最好证据，
but using national-level data to shine a light on the often hidden story of violence in any given country.
利用国家层面的数据来揭露任何一个经常隐藏暴力故事的国家。
And using that data to inform the national response, but also using it to measure and track progress.
并利用这些数据来指导国家响应，同时也利用这些数据来衡量和跟踪进展。
And share what's working, being honest about when things aren't working.
分享有用的方法，当事情没改善时坦诚相告。
And sharing inspiration when we see success and violence declining.
当看到成功和暴力减少时互相鼓气。
But can we really do this on a global scale? One billion children a year experiencing violence. I think we can.
但我们真的可以在全球范围内完成这件事吗？每年有十亿儿童会遭受暴力。我想我们可以。
In 2015, 193 world leaders committed their countries to end violence, abuse and neglect of children by 2030.
2015年，193名世界领导人承诺他们的国家将在2030年终结针对儿童的暴力、虐待和漠视。
Violence against children undermines all the other investments in them: in their health, in their education.
针对儿童的暴力侵蚀了对儿童的其它方面投入：健康方面，教育方面。
Often with multi-year, sometimes lifelong and intergenerational consequences and transmission.
经常是很多年，有时是终身的和代际的后果和传递。

But it's not just about international agreements and governments. They really matter.
但这不仅是国际协议和政府的事情。他们非常重要。
I think something's also changing more fundamentally,
我认为有些事情也发生了根本的变化，
and we as societies around the world are finally calling out unacceptable behaviors which for too long have been tolerated.
而且我们这个世界的社会终于宣告这些曾长期被忍耐的行为是不可接受的了。
Think of the #MeToo movement, and how sector after sector, industry after industry,
想想#MeToo运动，是如何一个部门接着一个部门，一个行业接着一个行业，
calling out perpetrators, bringing and holding them to account.
去揭露那些犯罪者，让他们得到应有的惩罚。
It's a journey, but we've embarked upon it.
这是个长征，但是我们已经开始了。
Look at what's happened in the aid industry.
看看现在的援助行业。
Following some abuses of power, the aid industry is now taking very seriously the safeguarding of children across the world.
在一些权力滥用后，现在援助行业已经非常重视全世界儿童的安全保障问题。
But maybe even more than that. Children and young people themselves, part aided by technology,
但也许范围可以更广一些。儿童和青少年自身，得益于技术的帮助，
but they have a voice now that they may not, I don't think, have had before.
但是我认为，他们现在有了一个以前他们也许没有的发声的机会。
And they are using that voice, not just to advocate for the situation they see around them or what they know needs to improve,
他们可以用这个发声的机会，不仅是提倡如何改善他们周遭或他们已知需要改变的情况，
but to be part of the solutions of things that actually inform and affect their lives.
也可以参与到实际影响他们生活的解决方案中来。
Think of those young activists who speak out against female genital mutilation,
想想那些年轻的积极分子们，他们反对女性生殖器切割，
child marriage, cyber bullying, safe schools, harming conflict -- the list goes on and on.
反对童婚，网络欺凌，学校安全，伤害冲突--这个名单可以一直列下去。
Those children really matter.
这些儿童真的很重要。
So we have political leadership, we have youth activism,
所以我们有政治领导人，我们有年轻的积极分子，
we have evidence-based solutions, we have public awareness growing
我们有基于证据的解决方案，我们有正在增长的社会意识，
we're on that pathway, beginning that journey to get to zero by 2030. But what are those solutions?
我们在路上，开始了这个到2030年目标数字变为零的长征。但是这些解决方案具体是什么？
Three years ago, in 2016, 10 global institutions came together and aligned behind a framework
三年前，2016年，十个全球机构联合起来结盟形成一个框架，
which is a comprehensive, step-by-step approach to ending violence against children. It's called INSPIRE.
这是一个用来结束针对儿童暴力的综合循序渐进的方式。它被称为INSPIRE。
It looks at the need for the relevant legislation, addressing social norms, parent and caregiver support,
它着眼于相关立法的需求，处理社会规范，父母和照顾者支持，
responses for children who have experienced violence and abuse.
响应遭受暴力和虐待的儿童。
And safe schools, so children can be in a learning environment where they thrive.
还有学校安全，这样儿童才能够在学习环境中茁壮成长。
In Uganda, four years ago, an eight-year-old girl could be married to a 30-year-old man.
在乌干达，四年前，8岁的女孩可能会嫁给一个30岁的男人。
That can no longer happen. In 2016, the Children Act made that illegal and set the minimum age of marriage at 18.
这不会再发生了。2016年，儿童法规定这是违法的，并将最小法定结婚年龄定为18岁。
That's the I of INSPIRE: enact and implement legislation.
这是INSPIRE中的I：颁布和执行法律。
Cambodia is rolling out parental support, parent and caregiver support across the country,
柬埔寨在全国推行了父母支持，父母和照顾者支持，
so parents are equipped to raise their children and to have discipline in a nonviolent way in the home.
这样父母就做好了养育他们孩子的准备，并在家中以非暴力的方式进行纪律约束。
That's the P of INSPIRE, parent and caregiver support.
这是INSPIRE中的P，父母和照顾者支持。
In the Philippines, there are 100 centers set up to protect women and children nationwide.
在菲律宾，在全国设立有100个保护妇女和儿童的中心。
Women and children who are either at high risk of abuse and violence or have experienced violence.
有被虐待和暴力威胁或遭受过暴力的妇女和儿童。
That's the R of INSPIRE, response and support services.
这是INSPIRE中的R，回应和支持服务。
And in Uganda, a safe schools toolkit has been rolled out now to half of teachers in Uganda,
在乌干达，一个安全学校工具包被发给乌干达一半的教师，
equipping them to control a class with nonviolent discipline.
他们装备后可以掌控一个无暴力纪律的教室。
That's the E of INSPIRE, education and life skills.
这是INSPIRE中的E，教育和生活技能。
That's just some bits within some of the INSPIRE framework.
这些只是在INSPIRE框架中一部分内容。
But more and more countries are committing to implement it, adapt it locally, inform it with the relevant data,
但是越来越多的国家承诺将会实行它，并应地制宜，用相关的数据来指导，
put a plan together, work across sectors, and begin that journey to zero.
共同提出计划，跨部门合作，开始这个零暴力的长征。
Canada, Mexico, United Arab Emirates, Tanzania -- I mentioned Sweden and Uganda already
加拿大，墨西哥，阿联酋，坦桑尼亚--我提到过的瑞典和乌干达，
Japan, the Philippines, Indonesia, more and more countries, and now cities, too.
日本，菲律宾，印度尼西亚，越来越多的国家和城市现在也加入进来。
And right here in Scotland, University of Edinburgh is establishing a learning lab
在苏格兰这里，爱丁堡大学正在建立一个学习实验室，
that's going to track the journey that cities in Scotland and the Philippines and Colombia go on together.
准备跟踪苏格兰城市里的这个长征进程，菲律宾和哥伦比亚一起合作。
See what works in a city, take something that's being prepared for implementation at a nationwide level and bring it down to the city level,
以观察在一个城市什么有效，采取一些已经准备好在全国范围实行的策略并将它带到城市层面上来，
where we believe that we can actually make probably faster and demonstrable progress in a shorter space of time.
我们相信我们能够使它实行更快一些，并在更短的时间里看到显而易见的成效。
And when we do that, that success will be shared through the learning lab and beyond at Edinburgh University.
当我们完成了这个，成功的消息会通过学习实验室分享，并超出爱丁堡大学的范围。
Ending violence is the right thing to do, it's a smart investment to make,
结束暴力是件正确的事情，是一个明智的投入，
we have evidence-based solutions, and we have the beginnings of a journey.
我们有基于证据的解决方案，并且我们已经有了开头。
But what would happen if we actually end violence against children?
但我们结束针对儿童的暴力之后会发生什么呢？
Let's just imagine for a moment. First of all, think of the children I mentioned.
让我们想象一下。第一，想一想我提到的孩子们。
Sarah would no longer lie in her bed at night, fearful of the sound of her stepfather's footsteps coming up the stairs.
Sarah在晚上躺在床上时，将不再害怕听到她继父的脚步声在楼梯间响起。
Faisal would go to school and he would thrive.
Faisal将可以去学习并茁壮成长。
He would no longer fear being at school and being bullied and hit and ashamed by the teachers.
他再也不害怕在学校里被霸凌被攻击被老师们侮辱。
And Angelika and those like her would no longer be something,
而Angelika和那些像她一样的女孩再也不会被当作一个物品，
a commodity brought online for the enjoyment of adults thousands of miles away.
一件商品被拿到网上以取悦几千里外的成年人。
But then multiply the social, the economic, the cultural benefits of that.
但是乘上社会的，经济的，文化的收益。
Multiply those by every family, every community, village, town, city, country and suddenly, you've got a new normal emerging.
将这些乘上每一个家庭，每一个社区，村庄，城镇，城市，国家，然后突然，你就得到一个新的常态正在形成。
A generation would grow up without having experienced violence. It will take us all.
一代人将会在不遭受任何暴力的环境下成长起来。这需要我们所有人。
But we do have an unprecedented opportunity to try, and I believe we also, as adults, have a responsibility to do this.
但是我们确实有一个史无前例的机会去尝试，而且我相信我们作为成年人，有这个责任去做这件事。
And then when we're all asked, "What do you do?"
然后当我们所有人被问道，“你是做什么的？”
each and every one of us can say,
我们中的每一个人都可以说，
"I'm changing the course of human history. I'm doing my bit to end violence against children."
“我在改变人类历史的进程。我在做我的一点努力去结束对儿童的暴力。”
Let's do this and do it now. Thank you.
让我们一起做，现在就开始。谢谢大家。