(单词翻译:单击)
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感谢CuriosityStream对本期节目的支持！
Go to CuriosityStream.com/SciShow to learn more.
前往CuriosityStream.com/SciShow了解更多。
On the remote, rocky islands of the North Pacific, you might find a happy-looking little bird.
在遥远的北太平洋多岩石的岛屿上，你可能会发现一只快乐的小鸟。
Called the crested auklet, it looks kind of like a cross between a penguin and a quail.
这种看起来像企鹅又像鹌鹑的小鸟叫做冠毛小海雀。
They live in big, dense, noisy colonies and go out to the ocean to feed.
它们生活在巨大、茂密且嘈杂的地方，会去海里觅食。
They also, apparently, smell like tangerines.
它们闻起来还像橘子。
The smell, which has been described as "distinctive" and "pungent", emerges at the beginning of the breeding season.
这种‘独特’且‘刺激’的味道会在繁殖季节开始时出现。
As for what's actually causing it, the smell seems to come from a mix of compounds secreted by a patch of special,
至于到底由什么引起，这种味道似乎来自于它们背部皮肤上一块特别区域的一块特别的、
hair-like, possibly hollow feathers called wick feathers found on a particular area of skin on their back.
毛发似的、可能是中空的羽毛—灯芯羽毛的化合物秘密混合物。
They just got a little tangerine patch back there. The mix of compounds is dominated by aldehydes,
它们只是在后面种了一小块橘子。这种混合物质由芳醛控制，
a kind of chemical that contains a carbon bonded to a hydrogen and double-bonded to an oxygen.
这种化学物质中含有一个碳和一个氢成键以及一个氧成双键。
As for why, there are two hypotheses.
至于原因，有两种假设。
One is that the smelly aldehydes might be a way for the birds to repel parasites like lice
一是这种臭臭的芳醛可能是鸟类抵御寄生虫，如虱子的一种方法
kind of like a built-in can of bug spray.
有点像是一个内置的杀虫剂罐。
Experiments have shown that some of the compounds in the smell can repel or paralyze ticks or lice.
实验表明这种味道中的一些化合物可以抵御或麻痹虱子。
The other idea is that it might be some kind of sexual display or some other sort of social signal.
另一种假设是这可能是某种性展示或某种社交信号。
During courtship, crested auklets approach potential mates and bury their bill in that patch in what's known as a "ruff-sniff".
在求爱期，冠毛小海雀接近潜在配偶并将它们的喙埋在那块被称为“ruff-sniff”的地方。
And they can definitely smell it.
并且它们绝对可以闻到这种味道。
Studies have shown the birds can tell the scent apart from other smells
研究表明鸟类可以区分这种气味和其他气味
and even appeared to be attracted to it when presented with a smelly fake bird.
甚至会被拥有这种味道的假鸟所吸引。
Which is kind of neat, because for a long time many experts thought birds couldn't really smell things.
这还挺棒的，因为很长一段时间以来，许多专家都认为鸟类不能真正闻到东西。
That idea was debunked by scientists in the 1960's, and that research doesn't have much of anything to do with crested auklets,
在20世纪60年代，这种想法被科学家揭穿，而且这项研究和冠毛小海雀没什么关系，
but as a myth it's had surprising staying power.
但作为一个神话，它有着惊人的持久力。
It might seem kind of funny, but choosing the smelliest mate might have some benefits.
看起来似乎很有趣，但选择味道最浓郁的配偶或许有些好处。
If the scent is a parasite repellent, for example, a smelly mate is less likely to pass infestations to their mate or offspring.
例如，如果气味是寄生虫杀虫剂，那么有这种味道的配偶将感染传给自己的另一半或后代的可能性就更低。
The smell might also be an indicator of how healthy the animal is in general.
这种味道或许还可能是动物们健康程度的指标。
Its body has to produce those smelly chemicals, which requires energy.
它的身体产生那些带味道的化学物质是需要能量的。
And because all smells eventually fade over time,
因为所有味道都最终会随时间消失，
an animal that depends on cologne to win a mate has to keep making new compounds all the time.
一种依靠古龙香水赢得配偶的动物需要一直制造新的化学物质。
Which means it has the energy to burn to make smelly molecules,
这意味着它有能量以供燃烧制造带味道的分子，
even though those resources could be used for other, more survival-oriented things.
虽然那些资源可用于其他更具生存导向的事物。
This means for crested auklets, a strong scent might be a way to show that you're not only healthy, but you have the resources to burn.
对于冠毛小海雀而言，浓郁的气味可能是一种展现自己不仅健康而且还有很多资源以供燃烧的方式。
Citrus-scented birds are pretty neat, but they're far from the only fascinating animals out there.
散发橘子味道的鸟类相当酷，但它们并不是唯一一种奇妙的动物。
If you want to learn about more of them, you might enjoy the documentaries on CuriosityStream.
如果你想了解更多，你可能会喜欢CuriosityStream上的纪录片。
CuriosityStream is a subscription streaming service that offers over 2,400 documentaries
CuriosityStream是一个流媒体服务订阅频道，它们提供2400支纪录片
and nonfiction titles from some of the world's best filmmakers, including exclusive originals.
以及来自世界最棒电影制作人的非虚构影片，包括独家原版。
Like Animal Builders, which is all about the incredible engineers of the animal kingdom.
比如《Animal Builders》，讲述的都是动物王国的伟大工程师。
Do you know beaver homes are self-ventilating? Because I do now…
你知道海狸的家都是自然通风的吗？因为我现在知道了...
And right now you can get unlimited access to that and more starting at just $2.99 a month.
现在每月仅需2.99美元即可获得无限制访问权限。
For SciShow viewers, the first 31 days are completely free if you sign up at curiositystream.com/SciShow
《科学秀》的观众，只需注册curiositystream.com/SciShow，并使用促销码‘Scishow’
and use the promo code ‘SciShow' when you sign up.
即可享前31天免费福利。
And checking them out also helps us continue doing what we love, so thanks.
观看他们的视频也是在帮助我们继续做我们热爱的事情，所以感谢大家。
