听力文本

Dramatic improvements in life expectancy have occurred over the past century. Globally, it has more than doubled and is expected to rise by another six years by 2050. Wealthy countries have the highest life expectancies. People in Japan can now expect to live beyond 84 years. When records began, it had 153 centenarians, in 2018 it had nearly 70,000. The people of Okinawa live longer than anywhere else in the world. Their secret to long life could in part be due to a low-fat low-salt mainly fish and vegetable diet. The five countries that have the shortest life expectancy are all in Africa. The Lesotho is at the bottom of the ranking. But life expectancy across Africa has actually risen substantially since 1925 and it has experienced the biggest surge in recent years.

Improvements in child survival and progress in combating infectious diseases such as HIV have contributed to the increased average lifespan. Across the world the inequality gap in life expectancy between rich and poor countries is shrinking. A century ago South Koreans life expectancy was as low as 23 years. But to study of the 35 richest countries predicts a girl born in South Korea in 2030 is likely to live past her 90th birthday. South Korea's annual GDP per person is more than 20 times the level in 1960 and these economic games have improved the nation's health. South Korea is predicted to leapfrog 18 other rich countries by 2030 to take Japan's top spot. And as countries become richer, more people should have access to better health care pushing global life expectancy higher still.

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重点词汇解析

dramatic adj. 戏剧性的

It marked the dramatic end of a lengthy and contentious investigation but also rang in a new round of partisan fighting.

这标志着漫长而有争议的调查的戏剧性结束，但也引发了新一轮的党派斗争。

infectious adj.传染的；

Then, last week, Long Beach officials announced that a traveler diagnosed with measles passed through Long Beach Airport twice while infectious.

上周，长滩官员宣布，一名被诊断出患有麻疹的旅行者在感染期间两次通过长滩机场。

leapfrog n.跳背游戏（分开两腿从背弯站立者身上跳过）；（两支部队）交互跃进；v.跳背，交替前进，跃过；

The win allowed them to leapfrog three teams to gain second place.

这场胜利使他们连超三个队，跃居第二位。

参考翻译

在过去的一个世纪里，人们的预期寿命有了显著的改善。在全球范围内，这一数字翻了一番多，预计到2050年还会增加六年。富裕国家拥有最高的预期寿命。如今，日本人的预期寿命有望超过84年。1963年，当统计开始时，日本只有153名百岁老人，而到了2018年，却有将近7万名百岁老人。其中，冲绳县的人口寿命比世界上任何地方都长。他们长寿的秘诀可能在一定程度上归功于低脂、低盐，并且主要是鱼类和蔬菜的日常饮食。然而，人口预期寿命最短的五个国家都在非洲。莱索托是排名倒数第一的国家。但是，自1925年以来，整个非洲的预期寿命实际上大幅增加，并且经历了近几年来最大的增长。儿童存活率的改善和在防治艾滋病毒等传染病方面取得的进展促进了平均寿命的延长。在世界各地，贫富国家之间的不平等预期寿命差距正在缩小。一个世纪前，韩国人的预期寿命低至23岁。但是，对35个最富有的国家的研究预测，2030年出生在韩国的女孩很可能会过她的90岁生日。韩国的人均国内生产总值是1960年的20多倍，这些电竞游戏带来的经济发展改善了国家的健康状况。据预测，到2030年，韩国将超越18个其他富裕国家，取代日本的霸主地位。随着国家变得越来越富裕，更多的人应该能够获得更好的医疗保健，从而使全球预期寿命更高。