留学美国不可不知的大学兄弟会(2)
日期:2018-10-10 06:32
(单词翻译:单击)
Like that kid on the flagpole.
就拿旗杆上那个孩子来说。
College "flag rush" - where freshmen and sophomores battled over a flag - was popular for everybody, not just frat kids.
大学“抢旗子”比赛 - 大一新生和大二学生抢夺一面旗子的比赛 - 深受每个人，而不仅仅是兄弟会成员的欢迎。
Look at those ripped clothes.
看看那些撕烂的衣服你就知道了。
Students were injured and even killed during the scramble.
在抢夺的过程中，有的学生会受伤甚至丧命。
The point is, college students are idiotic. Full stop.
问题是，不用多说，大学生就是一群白痴。
And colleges started to see Greek life as a tool to maintain order.
于是，大学便把兄弟会当成了维持校园秩序的工具。
First, fraternities provided housing for that rapidly swelling student population.
首先，兄弟会为大批涌入的学生提供了住宿。
Fraternities also provided infrastructure for disciplining a horde of students.
也为维持大群学生的纪律提供了基础设施。
Well well well.
“看看，看看，看看。”
You see scenes like these and wonder why deans keep fraternities around.
你会看到这样的场景，好奇院长们为什么要保留那些兄弟会。
But the administration actually brought them back.
然而，实际上是校园的管理层恢复了它们的存在的。
As former frat members aged into leadership roles, they realized that fraternities gave them somebody to yell at.
随着前任兄弟会会员晋升为会内的领导，他们意识到兄弟会给他们提供了出气筒。
Greg, what is the worst fraternity on this campus?
“格雷格，这个校园里最糟糕的兄弟会是哪个？”
Fraternities are distributed discipline.
兄弟会的纪律是分配型纪律。
Deans could yell at Greek leaders, who could yell at upperclassmen, who could yell at underclassmen,
也就是说，院长们可以吼兄弟会头目们，头目们则吼高年级学生，高年级学生则吼低年级学生，
instead of having to discipline that giant section of the bar chart all by themselves.
这样一来，院长们就不必完全靠自己来约束条形图里展示的那个巨大的学生群体了。
And the big reason for keeping frats around?
那保留兄弟会的主要原因是什么呢？
Administrators realized that frats led to money after college.
学校的管理层意识到兄弟会能够在成员离校后给学校创收。
学生们通过兄弟会爱上了自己的大学 - 大学有很多理由与这些学生保持联系。
That same paper that showed that fraternities increase binge drinking?
还记得那篇说兄弟会会提高学生的酗酒率的文章吗？
It also showed that they increase alumni income because of the networking opportunities.
这篇文章也显示，兄弟会通过它们创造的关系网络增加了校友收入。
That’s without even mentioning the lifelong friendships that Greek members form.
这还是没有考虑兄弟会成员形成的终生友谊的情况。
But the downsides of fraternities can be a lot worse than what we see in the movies.
但兄弟会的缺点可能比我们在电影中看到的要糟糕得多。
It’s easy to marvel at 100 year old hazing,
惊叹于百岁老人受辱很容易，
but as Caitlin Flanagan wrote in The Atlantic, all that binge drinking and hazing can have life-threatening consequences.
但正如凯特琳·弗拉纳根在《大西洋》中所写的那样，兄弟会成员酗酒和侮辱他人的毛病是可能危及到他们的生命的。
She notes disproportionate injuries in fraternity housing, high alcohol use, and alleged sexual assault, along with a lasting legacy of racial discrimination.
她注意到兄弟会住宿会造成不同程度的人身伤害，还会引发高酗酒率，涉嫌性侵，以及种族歧视遗留问题。
Whether fraternities are overrated depends how you view them and how you view college students.
兄弟会是否被高估了取决于你如何看待他们以及你如何看待大学生。
We’re all asking the same questions as those administrators in the 1800s.
我们的疑惑19世纪的学校管理层也有。
And we have to figure out if their solutions are still the right ones today.
我们必须弄清楚他们想出的解决方案今天是否仍然有效。
How you view students, and maybe even all people, changes your answer.
你如何看待学生，甚至是如何看待所有人，都会改变你的答案。
Do frats help control the problems in college life?
兄弟会有助于解决大学生活中的问题吗？
Or do they create them?
还是是这些问题的根源？
You might have noticed that we used the word fraternities a lot more than sororities,
您可能已经注意到我们使用得更多的是兄弟会这个词而不是联谊会，
and part of that is historical — for much of their duration, sororities were actually called women’s fraternities.
这里面有历史方面的原因 - 在很长一段时间内，姐妹会实际上是被称为女性兄弟会的。
就拿旗杆上那个孩子来说。
College "flag rush" - where freshmen and sophomores battled over a flag - was popular for everybody, not just frat kids.
大学“抢旗子”比赛 - 大一新生和大二学生抢夺一面旗子的比赛 - 深受每个人，而不仅仅是兄弟会成员的欢迎。
Look at those ripped clothes.
看看那些撕烂的衣服你就知道了。
Students were injured and even killed during the scramble.
在抢夺的过程中，有的学生会受伤甚至丧命。
The point is, college students are idiotic. Full stop.
问题是，不用多说，大学生就是一群白痴。
And colleges started to see Greek life as a tool to maintain order.
于是，大学便把兄弟会当成了维持校园秩序的工具。
First, fraternities provided housing for that rapidly swelling student population.
首先，兄弟会为大批涌入的学生提供了住宿。
Fraternities also provided infrastructure for disciplining a horde of students.
也为维持大群学生的纪律提供了基础设施。
Well well well.
“看看，看看，看看。”
You see scenes like these and wonder why deans keep fraternities around.
你会看到这样的场景，好奇院长们为什么要保留那些兄弟会。
But the administration actually brought them back.
然而，实际上是校园的管理层恢复了它们的存在的。
As former frat members aged into leadership roles, they realized that fraternities gave them somebody to yell at.
随着前任兄弟会会员晋升为会内的领导，他们意识到兄弟会给他们提供了出气筒。
Greg, what is the worst fraternity on this campus?
“格雷格，这个校园里最糟糕的兄弟会是哪个？”
Fraternities are distributed discipline.
兄弟会的纪律是分配型纪律。
Deans could yell at Greek leaders, who could yell at upperclassmen, who could yell at underclassmen,
也就是说，院长们可以吼兄弟会头目们，头目们则吼高年级学生，高年级学生则吼低年级学生，
instead of having to discipline that giant section of the bar chart all by themselves.
这样一来，院长们就不必完全靠自己来约束条形图里展示的那个巨大的学生群体了。
And the big reason for keeping frats around?
那保留兄弟会的主要原因是什么呢？
Administrators realized that frats led to money after college.
学校的管理层意识到兄弟会能够在成员离校后给学校创收。
Alumni donations from fraternity and sorority members are higher than from other students.
来自兄弟会和姐妹会成员的校友捐款要多于其他学生。
学生们通过兄弟会爱上了自己的大学 - 大学有很多理由与这些学生保持联系。
That same paper that showed that fraternities increase binge drinking?
还记得那篇说兄弟会会提高学生的酗酒率的文章吗？
It also showed that they increase alumni income because of the networking opportunities.
这篇文章也显示，兄弟会通过它们创造的关系网络增加了校友收入。
That’s without even mentioning the lifelong friendships that Greek members form.
这还是没有考虑兄弟会成员形成的终生友谊的情况。
But the downsides of fraternities can be a lot worse than what we see in the movies.
但兄弟会的缺点可能比我们在电影中看到的要糟糕得多。
It’s easy to marvel at 100 year old hazing,
惊叹于百岁老人受辱很容易，
but as Caitlin Flanagan wrote in The Atlantic, all that binge drinking and hazing can have life-threatening consequences.
但正如凯特琳·弗拉纳根在《大西洋》中所写的那样，兄弟会成员酗酒和侮辱他人的毛病是可能危及到他们的生命的。
She notes disproportionate injuries in fraternity housing, high alcohol use, and alleged sexual assault, along with a lasting legacy of racial discrimination.
她注意到兄弟会住宿会造成不同程度的人身伤害，还会引发高酗酒率，涉嫌性侵，以及种族歧视遗留问题。
Whether fraternities are overrated depends how you view them and how you view college students.
兄弟会是否被高估了取决于你如何看待他们以及你如何看待大学生。
We’re all asking the same questions as those administrators in the 1800s.
我们的疑惑19世纪的学校管理层也有。
And we have to figure out if their solutions are still the right ones today.
我们必须弄清楚他们想出的解决方案今天是否仍然有效。
How you view students, and maybe even all people, changes your answer.
你如何看待学生，甚至是如何看待所有人，都会改变你的答案。
Do frats help control the problems in college life?
兄弟会有助于解决大学生活中的问题吗？
Or do they create them?
还是是这些问题的根源？
You might have noticed that we used the word fraternities a lot more than sororities,
您可能已经注意到我们使用得更多的是兄弟会这个词而不是联谊会，
and part of that is historical — for much of their duration, sororities were actually called women’s fraternities.
这里面有历史方面的原因 - 在很长一段时间内，姐妹会实际上是被称为女性兄弟会的。
重点单词
