Hello. My name is Emma, and in today's lesson, I am going to teach you some very good tips on how to succeed on the reading module of the IELTS.
大家好，我是Emma，在今天的课上，我要教你们在雅思考试的阅读部分取胜的一些非常好的技巧。
So this video is for anyone who is taking the IELTS, this video will really help you learn about some of the question types and how to do well on them. So let's get started.
所以这个视频是为所有参加雅思考试的人量身定做的，这个视频会帮助你们了解一些类型的题目，并且帮助你们取得好成绩。那我们就开始吧。
My very first tip is very important.
我的第一个建议非常重要。
When you're practicing doing the IELTS, when you're preparing for the IELTS, one way to prepare is to start learning synonyms.Now, what's a "synonym"?
当你们练习做雅思试题，当你们为雅思做准备时，其中一个准备方法就是开始学习"synonym" （同义词）。那么“synonym”是什么呢？
A "synonym" is a copy of another word where the meanings are the same, but the words are different.
"synonym"就是另一个单词的复本，也就是它们的意思是一样的，但单词不同。

So an example: "intelligent" and "smart", these are synonyms, they have the same meaning, but they're different words.
给你们举个例子："intelligent"和"smart"，这两个单词是同义词，它们的意思相同，但是是不同的单词。
Now, why should you learn different synonyms for the IELTS?
为什么准备雅思考试的时候要学习各种同义词呢？
Well, one very good reason is oftentimes, on the IELTS you will have a text or a reading passage, and then, after that you will have a bunch of questions.
一个很好的原因是，通常在雅思考试中会有文章或者阅读材料，然后在那之后会有一堆题目。
Now, sometimes, in the questions, you need to look for certain information in the reading passage.
有时候，要回答问题，你们需要在阅读材料中找到特定信息。
So you read a question, and you need to find the answer in the reading passage.
你们看完题目，然后需要在阅读材料中找到答案。
Now, one way to do this is looking at keywords, you might see a keyword in the question.
找到答案的一个方法是看关键词，你们在题干中可能会看见一个关键词。
And you're looking for that same word in the reading passage, but they often don't use the same words in the question and the reading passage.
你们在阅读材料中要找的是同样的单词，但是通常题干和阅读材料不会使用一模一样的单词。
Oftentimes, they will use synonyms, so for example, maybe in the question the keyword is "intelligent".
通常，他们会使用同义词，比如，也许题干中的关键词是"intelligent"。
In the reading passage, the word that you'll actually need to find is "smart".
而在阅读材料中，你们真正要找的那个单词是"smart"。
So by knowing synonyms, you'll be able to do the questions a lot faster, and you'll be able to find information faster.
所以认识了同义词，你们的做题速度就会快得多，就能更快地找到信息。
And on the IELTS, time is very important, so you want to be able to do things very quickly.
在雅思考试中，时间非常宝贵，所以你们的动作要非常快。
My second point has to do with a lot of the question types, especially the "not given" question types.
我的第二个技巧和很多类型的题目有关，尤其是“文中未提到”这类的题目。
There's a question type called "True, False, or Not Given", there's also one called "Yes, No, Not Given", this point is for those.
有一种题目类型叫做“正确，错误，文中未提到”，还有一种题目叫做“是，否，文中未提到”，这一点就是为这些题目准备的。
Oftentimes, you need to pay close attention to negative words on the IELTS.So for example "never", "rarely", "hardly", "seldom".
通常，你们在雅思考试中需要密切注意否定词。比如"never", "rarely", "hardly", "seldom"。
Depending on what the question is... sometimes, if it's a true or false question, it's very important to look for these words.
取决于题目类型是什么......有时候，如果是判断正确错误的题目，寻找这些单词就非常重要了。
This is one of the tricks you might find on the IELTS -- well, it's not exactly a trick, but sometimes, you might put down "true",
这是在雅思考试中可能会遇到的圈套之一，也算不上是圈套，不过，有时候你们也许会写下“正确”，
but the answer is actually false because of these negative words.
但由于这些否定词的存在，答案实际上是错误的。
So key point: notice and pay attention to these types of words in both the "True, False, and Not Given", and the "Yes, No, Not Given".
所以关键就是：在“正确，错误，文中未提到”和“是，否，文中未提到”这两种题目中都要注意这类单词。
Point No. 3: similar to point No. 2, it's very important to pay attention to frequency words, especially in the same part, and the "True, False, Not Given".
第三点，和第二点很像，要注意频率词，这很重要，尤其是在同一个部分和“正确，错误，文中未提到”中。
You might see "always", "often", "sometimes", "never".
你们可能会看到"always", "often", "sometimes", "never"这些单词。
Why is this important? Well, if you see something that says, "Sometimes the Pharaoh of Egypt...or the Pharaohs of Egypt were buried in tombs."
这一点为什么很重要？如果你们看到某个内容写着“有时候埃及法老会被葬在墓里。”
But the actual answer is true or false, and it says, "Pharaohs were always buried in tombs", you might get confused,
但是，这道题是判断正确错误的，实际答案写着“法老总是被葬在墓里”，你们可能就会弄混，
you might put down the wrong answer, so it's very important to pay attention to "always", "often", "sometimes", "never" in true or false questions.
可能会写下错误的答案，所以在判断正确错误这种题目中注意"always", "often", "sometimes", "never"这些词非常重要。
Point No. 4: this is probably one of my favorite points.
第四点，这可能是我最喜欢的技巧之一。
During tests, this happens to all students, they will pick on answer; and then, they'll think about it; and they'll see another answer;
在考试期间，所有学生都有过这种经历，他们会选择一个答案，然后思考一会儿，又觉得是另一个答案，
and they'll want to change their answer; and they don't remember...they don't know, "Which one should I pick?" it's good to go with your first instinct.
他们会想要改写答案，而不记得......他们不知道应该选择哪一个，最好就是跟着第一直觉走。
So if you're doing multiple choice, and right off the bat you think, "Okay, the answer is A";
所以如果你们在做单选，你们刚开始会觉得“好的，答案是A”，
and then you look, and you think, "Okay, well, maybe the answer is C", if both of them seem like good possibilities, and you don't know, choose the one you thought of first.
然后你们又看了看，觉得“好吧，也许答案是C”，如果两个答案看上去都很有可能是正确的，而你们不知道该怎么办，那就选择你们最开始考虑的那个答案吧。
Okay? Go with your gut feeling, go with your instinct.No. 5: questions often follow passage order, so what does this mean?
知道了吗？相信你们的直觉。第五点：题目通常都是按照文章顺序排布的，什么意思呢？
Well, it means that Question 1 will probably be somewhere near the top of the reading, Question 2 will be underneath Question 1 in the reading.
意思就是第一题的内容可能在阅读材料最开始的部分附近，第二题在材料中第一题内容的下方。
So the questions...one will be at the top, then two, then three, then four, then five.
所以题目......第一题的内容会在最上面，然后第二题，然后第三题、第四题、第五题。
So it's important because if for example you find the answer for Question 2, it's very probable that the answer for Question 1 is above Question 2.
这很重要，因为......假设你们找到了第二题的答案，那很有可能第一题的答案就在第二题答案上面的内容里。
So it's very important that questions often, not always, but often follow passage order.
所以知道题目通常，不是一直这样，但通常会按照文章顺序排布很重要。
This can help you find answers for other questions.
这能帮助你们找到其他题目的答案。
My next tip for the reading is that it's very important to understand how paragraphs work.
我的下一个阅读技巧是，弄懂段落结构非常重要。
What do I mean by that? I mean understanding specifically topic sentences.
这么说是什么意思？我的意思是要具体理解主题句。
There are a lot of questions in the IELTS, the reading module, where if you know what a topic sentence is, it can help you find things a lot quicker, a lot easier.
雅思考试的阅读部分有很多题目，如果你们知道主题句是什么的话，它就能帮助你们更快更容易地找到信息。
So what is the topic sentence?
那么主题句是什么呢？
For every paragraph, there's usually one sentence that almost sums up the paragraph, it's the main idea of the paragraph.
每一段通常都有一句话几乎总结了整个段落的内容，它包含了整段的主要思想。
Where do you find the topic sentence?
在哪里能找到主题句呢？
Not always, but usually, it's the first sentence, or it's at the beginning somewhere in the paragraph.
不是一直如此，但是通常是第一句话，或者在每段开头的某个位置。
So this is a very good tip, especially for paragraph heading and matching questions.
这一个技巧非常好，尤其是在给段落定标题和配对题目中。
By understanding what a topic sentence is and where to find it, you will save a lot of time.
弄懂了主题句是什么并且知道该去哪里找到它，你们就能节省很多时间。
My seventh tip is that you should really practice each question type.
我的第七个技巧是：你们需要老老实实地练习每一种类型的题目。
I've mentioned some different question types in this video, I just talked about paragraph heading and matching, multiple choice, short answers, True, False, Not Given.
我在这个视频中提到了一些不同类型的题目，我刚说过了给段落定标题和配对题目、单选、简答、“正确错误文中未提到”这些题目类型。
There are many different types of questions on the reading module of the IELTS.
雅思考试的阅读部分有很多不同类型的题目。
So it's very important that you get familiar with each of these questions, you practice each of these questions,
所以熟悉每一种题目非常重要，你们要练习每种题目，
so then, on test day, you feel more confident, more comfortable, and there are no surprises.
这样等到考试当天，你们会感觉更有信心，更自在，不会有意外之忧。
So practice a lot, practice each question type.
所以要多加练习，每种类型的题目都要练习。
My eighth tip is that... and this isn't just for the reading modules of the IELTS; it's for tests in general.
我的第八个技巧是......这不仅是针对雅思考试的阅读部分，一般考试都能用得上。
If you are doing a test where there are other people around, it's good not to practice only in your home.
如果你们参加考试的时候周围还有其他人，那你们最好不要只在自己家里练习。
On test day, when you're doing the reading module, there will be other people around you.
考试当天，你们在做阅读部分时，旁边会有其他人。
And if you're not used to taking tests with other people around you, you might get distracted.
而如果你们不习惯做题时旁边有人，那你们可能会受到干扰。
You might hear this person over there chewing their bubble gum, you might see that person over there crying because they have a very bad answer, and they're having difficulty on the IELTS.
你们可能会听到这边这个人嚼口香糖，看到那边那个人在哭，因为他考试发挥得不好，在考雅思时遇到了难题。
You can see all sorts of things in the room with you, and that could distract you.
你们在考场里会看到各种各样的事情，而那可能会干扰你。
So it's very, very important to get used to being distracted while you're taking the test.
所以习惯在考试的时候会受到干扰非常非常重要。
So what I recommend? Try to do the IELTS at a library, get a practice test; go to the library; do it there, try it on the bus, even.
我有什么建议？试着在图书馆做雅思练习题，拿上一套练习题去图书馆，在那里写，甚至还可以在公交车上试一试。
You can do it on different places so you're used to distractions so on test day, those distractions won't distract you.
你们可以在不同的地方试一试，这样你们在考试当天就会习惯所有干扰事项了，那些干扰就影响不了你了。
My ninth tip is a warning: be careful.
我的第九点建议是一条警告：要小心。
Be careful of what? A lot of the times, students will see in both the reading and the questions the same word.
小心什么？学生经常会在阅读材料和题干中看到同一个单词。
So a question will be looking for some sort of word, you know, it's in the reading.
题目会让你们在阅读材料中寻找某个单词。
And so they'll think that because they see the word in the question and in the reading that that's the word they need or that's the heading they need.
因为学生在题干和材料中都看到了那个单词，所以他们以为那就是他们需要的单词，或者那就是他们需要的标题。
It's not always the case, it's very important to not use this logic.
但不一定都是这样的，不要使用这种逻辑非常重要。
It's important to know that this is not always a correct method, you know, sometimes, you will need specific detail, and you might write the wrong thing.
知道这不一定总是正确的方法十分重要，有时候你们会需要具体的细节，你们可能会写下错误的答案。
So if you see the word in the question and the reading passage, it's not necessarily the correct answer.
所以如果你们在题干和阅读材料中都看见了那个单词，它不一定就是正确答案。
No. 10...okay, this is something we're going to practice together, now.
第十点......这是我们现在要一起来练习的技巧。
It's good to practice skimming and scanning in general for the reading test.
针对阅读部分，练一练略读和浏览还是很好的。
"Scanning" is where you use keywords, and you just quickly look through the passage looking for a specific word or a specific piece of information, okay?
浏览就是使用关键词，快速地浏览文章寻找一个具体的单词或一条具体的信息。
So one way to get good at skimming...not skimming, scanning...is to scan backwards.
让自己擅长浏览的一个方法是从后往前浏览。
Now, how would I do this? Okay, I'm going to ask a question.How many passages are on the IELTS?
怎么做呢？我会问一个问题。雅思考试中有多少篇阅读？
Now, before you read, I want you to look for a number, and look this way. Okay?
在开始阅读之前，我想让你们寻找一个数字，然后看这边，好吗？
So you can start scanning, how many passages are on the IELTS?
所以你们可以开始浏览了，雅思考试中有多少篇阅读？
You're just looking for the keyword, if you read the sentence, like, "Students read three passages, they get progressively harder...", you're wasting too much time reading.
你们只要找关键词就行了，如果你们像“学生要阅读三篇文章，它们会越来越难......”这样从头逐字逐字地读句子，那你们就浪费了太多时间阅读了。
It's a lot better if you just look for the piece of information, in this case, a number, so I could just go, "Three, there are three passages." Okay.
只找所需的信息就好得多，就这一题而言要找的是一个数字，所以我可以直接跳到“三，有三篇文章”。
So what I'd like you to do is come visit us at our website www. engvid. com.
我想让你们登陆我们的网站www. engvid. com。
You can practice our test there to see how well you understand these tips.
你们可以在网站上做一做我们的测验，看看你们对这些技巧弄懂了多少。
You can also go to www. goodluckielts. com where there's a lot more information on the IELTS.
要获取更多有关雅思的信息，你们还可以登陆www. goodluckielts. com。
So good luck, I know you're going to do a great job on test day.Until next time, take care.
那祝你们好运啦，我相信你们考试时会取得好成绩的。下次见，保重。