【新闻精讲】

Turns out, education pays off. That's true whether you're a doctor or a lawyer—or even a mobster, according to a new study.
事实证明，教育是值得的。一项新研究表明，无论你是医生、律师、甚至是暴徒，这都是事实。
Turns out 被发现是
例：Cosgrave's forecast turned out to be completely wrong.
科斯格累夫的预测被发现是完全错误的。
Pay off 成功；赢利；
例句：Sandra was determined to become a doctor and her persistence paid off.
桑德拉决心成为医生，她的坚持取得了成功。
Mobster
犯罪集团分子; 黑社会成员

Researchers compared the FBI files of more than seven hundred Italian-American mafia men from the '30's to the '40's to other non-mob men from the 1940 census—some were neighbors, others were first and second generation Italian-American immigrants and some were U.S. born white men.
研究人员将美国联邦调查局档案中700余名30到40岁的意大利裔美国黑手党和1940名普查中的非暴徒进行了对比，其中有些人是邻居，其他人是第一代和第二代意大利裔美国移民，还有一些是在美国出生的白人男性。
Mafia 黑手党
Generation 一代人
the younger generation of party members. …较年轻一代的党员
Generate 产生 (电等能量) =》 generator 发电机
例：The company, New England Electric, burns coal to generate power.
新英格兰电力公司燃烧煤来发电。

They found that mobsters tended to have a year less schooling than their neighbors—but for those who stayed in school a little longer, they tended to do better economically.
研究人员发现，暴徒接受教育的年限往往比他们的邻居少一年，而那些在学校学习时间更长的人，在经济方面的表现往往更好。
Tend
1. 倾向于; 往往会
例：A problem for manufacturers is that lighter cars tend to be noisy.
制造商遇到的一个问题是重量较轻的汽车往往噪音大。
2. 照顾，照料
to tend wounded soldiers
Economical 经济的; 节省的
例：...plans to trade in their car for something smaller and more economical.
…用他们的车抵价购买更小且更经济型轿车的计划。
Economic 经济学的
economic reforms. 经济改革
Economy 经济体
market economy[经]市场经济

More education increased their income—or moolah—by about 8 percent, on average.
平均来说，接受较多的教育将他们的收入或者说资金提高了约8%。
The Study is the Economics of Education Review.
这项研究结果发表在《教育经济学评论》期刊上。
Review
1. 评论
We've never had a good review in the music press. 我们在音乐媒体内未曾得到过好评
2. 审查
例：The president ordered a review of U.S. economic aid to Jordan.
总统下令对美国向约旦提供的经济援助进行一次审查。
3. 复习
If you have to cover 12 chapters in American history, begin by planning on three two-hour reviews with four chapters per session.
如果你必须涵盖美国史的12个章节，首先计划3次2小时的复习，每次4章。

Of course, this shouldn't be surprising.
当然，这种结果不足为奇。
The mafia is essentially a corporation, involving complex organizational and numerical expertise.
从本质上说，黑手党是一个企业，涉及复杂的组织以及数字技能。
Essentially 本质上(emphasize a quality that someone or something has)
例：It's been believed for centuries that great writers, composers, and scientists are essentially quite different from ordinary people.
几个世纪以来人们都认为伟大的作家、作曲家和科学家本质上与常人大不相同。
Essence
1. 本质
The essence of consultation is to listen to, and take account of, the views of those consulted. 咨询的本质是倾听并把那些被咨询者的观点考虑进来。
2. 精油 a few drops of vanilla essence. 几滴香草精油。

Weighing grams and running numbers takes more than basic math skills.
称重和运算数字需要的不仅仅是基本的数学技巧。
And researchers found the mobsters with the highest return were the ones involved with more complicated schemes—think embezzling, racketeering and loan sharking.
研究人员发现，收入最高的暴徒通常会参与最为复杂的方案，比如贪污、敲诈勒索和放高利贷。
Weigh
1. 称重
2. 权衡
例：She weighed her options. 她在各种选择间权衡斟酌。
Embezzling 贪污 = corruption
Racketeering 敲诈勒索
Loan sharking 高利贷
Complicate
使复杂化 （something means to make it more difficult to understand or deal with）
= complex, intricate, involved, tangled,
例：What complicates the issue is the burden of history.
使问题复杂化是历史的重负。
Scheme
1. 计划，阴谋：秘密的或不正当的计划；
a quick money-making scheme to get us through the summer
2. 系统配置：有联系的各部分之间有序的结合：
an irrigation scheme with dams, reservoirs, and channels. 有水坝、水库和水渠的灌溉系统
3. 系统或计划的图表、图解或大纲

Their profit was about three times higher than the mobsters involved with criminal activity like robberies.
这些暴徒获得的利润大约是实施抢劫等犯罪活动歹徒的三倍。
Involve
1. 需要
例：Running a kitchen involves lots of discipline and speed.
管理厨房需要讲究纪律和速度。
2. 涉及
例：If there was a cover-up, it involved people at the very highest levels of government.
如果有掩盖真相的行为，它就牵扯到了处于政府最高层的那些人。
3. 使参与
例：Nasser and I do everything together, he involves me in everything.
纳萨和我做什么事都在一起，他让我参与所有的事情。

So study up! No matter what you plan to do, seems like the more you study, the bigger the payoff. Even if you are nothing but a wise guy.
所以，好好学习吧！无论你计划做什么事情，你学习的越多，获得的收益也就越多。即使你只是聪明人。
no matter 不管…；无论…；
例句：No matter how hard he tried, I still have no visualization of his design.
无论他怎么努力说明，我还是想像不出他的设计到底是什麽样子。
even if 即使；尽管；纵然；
例句：Don't fail to do good even if it is small.
不要因善小而不为。