Greece's age of splendor was short-lived.

希腊的辉煌时期很短暂。

The Greeks could do everything but live in peace with one another.

希腊人什么都能，但是他们不能与其他城邦和睦相处。

Above all, it was Athens and Sparta who could not put up with one another for long.

尤其是雅典人和斯巴达人没有能长期和睦相处。

By 430 BC the two states were locked in a long and bitter conflict.

到公元前420年这两个城邦之间就进行了一场长期的、艰苦的战争。

This was the Peloponnesian War.

这就是伯罗奔尼撒战争。

The Spartans marched on Athens, savagely laying waste to the countryside all around.

斯巴达人向雅典挺进并大肆蹂躏了这片土地。

They uprooted all the olive trees and this was a terrible misfortune because it takes years for a newly planted olive tree to bear fruit.

他们挖掘了所有的油橄榄树。这是一场可怕的灾祸，因为一棵新栽的油橄榄树要很久才会结果。

The Athenians hit back, attacking the Spartan colonies to the south of Italy, at Syracuse in Sicily.

雅典人又向斯巴达回击，向斯巴达在意大利以南的西西里的锡拉库扎殖民地进军。

There was a great deal of fighting and retaliation, a terrible plague in Athens in which Pericles died and, in the end, Athens lost the war and the city walls were torn down.

这是一场大规模的战斗和报复，雅典发生了一场严重的瘟疫，伯里克利死于这场瘟疫，最后，雅典输掉了这场战争，它的城墙被拆毁。